Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of lingual frenectomy combined with Twin-block orthodontic appliances in patients with mandibular retraction during the growth spurt.Methods Forty-two patients with osseous ClassⅡ malocclusion,characterized by mandibular retraction and short lingual frenulum,who were admitted to our hospital between August 2023 and August 2024,were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,each consisting of 21 patients.The control group was treated with Twin-block orthodontic appliances alone,while the observation group received treatment combining lingual frenuloplasty with Twin-block orthodontic appliances.Pre-and post-treatment comparisons were made between the two groups regarding treatment duration,Simplified Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function(HATLFF)scores,and lingual frenulum length measurements.Oral cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)was performed in both groups before and after treatment,and three-dimensional reconstruction and cephalometric analyses were utilized to evaluate indicators related to the tongue and hyoid bone,upper airway,maxilla and mandible,and temporomandibular joint.Results The corrective time in the control group(10.14±1.06 months)was significantly longer than that in the observation group(8.00±1.41 months)(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences between the control and observation groups in terms of simplified HATLFF scores,tongue tie lengths,or indicators related to the tongue and hyoid bone,upper airway,maxillomandibular complex,and temporoman-dibular joints(P>0.05).After treatment,the simplified HATLFF scores and tongue tie lengths in the observation group were significantly higher than pre-treatment values(P<0.05).Additionally,IP-CP,IP-RP,ANB,U1-SN,U1-NA angle,and U1-NA distance were significantly reduced in both the control and observation groups compared to pre-treatment levels(P<0.05).Conversely,T-S,H-NP,H-CVP,H-Or,H-PP,H-MP,H-FH,H-PNS,total upper airway volume,palatopharyngeal volume,lingual pharyngeal volume,CL-CR,ML-MR,SNB,GoGn-SN,Go-Gn,Co-Gn,Co-Go,Ar-Go,L1-NB angle,L1-NB distance,L1-MP angle,L1-MP distance,SL,SE,Z,UI-PP,L6-MP,articular fossa width,condylar apical sagittal area,condylar height,and condylar apical coronal area were significantly increased post-treatment compared to pre-treatment levels(P<0.05).Notably,after treatment,the ANB difference in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the differences in simplified HATLFF scores,tongue tie length,T-S,H-Or,H-PP,H-FH,total upper airway volume,palatopharyngeal volume,lingual pharyngeal volume,CL-CR,ML-MR,Go-Gn,Ar-Go,L1-NB angle,L1-NB distance,SL,SE,and L6-MP were significantly greater in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Lingual tie-plasty combined with the Twin-block appliance demonstrates superior efficacy compared to the single Twin-block appliance in terms of treatment duration and clinical outcomes for patients exhibiting mandibular retraction during the growth spurt..

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of lingual frenectomy combined with Twin-block orthodontic appliances in patients with mandibular retraction during the growth spurt.Methods Forty-two patients with osseous ClassⅡ malocclusion,characterized by mandibular retraction and short lingual frenulum,who were admitted to our hospital between August 2023 and August 2024,were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,each consisting of 21 patients.The control group was treated with Twin-block orthodontic appliances alone,while the observation group received treatment combining lingual frenuloplasty with Twin-block orthodontic appliances.Pre-and post-treatment comparisons were made between the two groups regarding treatment duration,Simplified Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function(HATLFF)scores,and lingual frenulum length measurements.Oral cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)was performed in both groups before and after treatment,and three-dimensional reconstruction and cephalometric analyses were utilized to evaluate indicators related to the tongue and hyoid bone,upper airway,maxilla and mandible,and temporomandibular joint.Results The corrective time in the control group(10.14±1.06 months)was significantly longer than that in the observation group(8.00±1.41 months)(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences between the control and observation groups in terms of simplified HATLFF scores,tongue tie lengths,or indicators related to the tongue and hyoid bone,upper airway,maxillomandibular complex,and temporoman-dibular joints(P>0.05).After treatment,the simplified HATLFF scores and tongue tie lengths in the observation group were significantly higher than pre-treatment values(P<0.05).Additionally,IP-CP,IP-RP,ANB,U1-SN,U1-NA angle,and U1-NA distance were significantly reduced in both the control and observation groups compared to pre-treatment levels(P<0.05).Conversely,T-S,H-NP,H-CVP,H-Or,H-PP,H-MP,H-FH,H-PNS,total upper airway volume,palatopharyngeal volume,lingual pharyngeal volume,CL-CR,ML-MR,SNB,GoGn-SN,Go-Gn,Co-Gn,Co-Go,Ar-Go,L1-NB angle,L1-NB distance,L1-MP angle,L1-MP distance,SL,SE,Z,UI-PP,L6-MP,articular fossa width,condylar apical sagittal area,condylar height,and condylar apical coronal area were significantly increased post-treatment compared to pre-treatment levels(P<0.05).Notably,after treatment,the ANB difference in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the differences in simplified HATLFF scores,tongue tie length,T-S,H-Or,H-PP,H-FH,total upper airway volume,palatopharyngeal volume,lingual pharyngeal volume,CL-CR,ML-MR,Go-Gn,Ar-Go,L1-NB angle,L1-NB distance,SL,SE,and L6-MP were significantly greater in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Lingual tie-plasty combined with the Twin-block appliance demonstrates superior efficacy compared to the single Twin-block appliance in terms of treatment duration and clinical outcomes for patients exhibiting mandibular retraction during the growth spurt..

Objective: To analysis the clinical and image features of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc calcification. Methods: The patients diagnosed with TMJ disc calcification treated in School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University in the latest 10 years were collected, clinical symptom and images of these cases were analyzed, and the published literatures of TMJ disc calcification were reviewed. Results : Total 2 cases of TMJ disc calcification with complete clinical data were analyzed. The symptom included mouth opening limitation, TMJ pain, open bite of the affected side molar. Calcified body were found through X-ray examination. Joint disc perforation were found during the surgery. The discs showed calcified features. Collagen hyperplasia, cartilage cells generation and calcification were found in the disc through pathological examination. Conclusion The diagnosis of TMJ disc calcification should be combined the symptom, image features and the surgery, it should be differentiated with TMJ osteoma and synovial membrane chondromasis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc perforation on expression of type Ⅰ collagen in TMJ disc cells. Methods: The fibroblastic-like cells from the surgical removed TMJ disc tissue (disc perforation or TMJ condyle hyperplasia) were cultured. The cultured cells were identified as fibroblastic-like cells by toluidine blue and immunofluorescence staining. The expression of type Ⅰ collagen was detected with Western blotting and the content of type Ⅰ collagen was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Fibroblastic-like cells were cultured from TMJ disc cells and the controls. The collagen-Ⅰ and collagen-Ⅱ were positive in both toluidine blue and immunofluorescence staining. In Western blotting, the expression of typeⅠcollagen in cells from joints with disc perforation was lower than that from normal joints. The content of collagen-Ⅰ was (1.62±0.52) μg/L from controls, and (0.85±0.33) μg/L from disc perforation respectively (P=0.0134). Conclusions The disc cells from TMJ with disc perforation expressed lower type Ⅰ collagen than that from controls, which may be related to the lower content of collagen-Ⅰ in TMJ disc and the formation of TMJ disc perforation.

The data of 10 cases of traumatic extra-articular ankylosis of temporomandibular joint(TMJ),including the type of trauma and the type of ankylosis,pathology,treatment method,prognosis,and so on were collected and analyzed.A reference of diagnosis and treatment is provided.

Objective To assess the efficacy of injection of sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of patients with disc perforation by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function.Methods Twenty-eight patients (38 joints) with disc perforation observed through arthrography who received injection of sodium hyaluronate and other 20 patients (29 joints) who received disc repair were included in this study.Pain (visual analog scale,scores 0 to 100),maximal mouth opening,modified Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index and TMJ examinations with CBCT were obtained before and 3,9 months after treatment.Results A statistically significant increase (P＜0.05) in TMJ clinical outcome was observed at each follow-up.The maximal mouth opening (MMO) increased 5.89 mm and 7.64 mm at 3 and 9 months follow-up in the hyaluronic acid (HA) group,and the MMO increased 2.75 mm and 6.10 mm at 3 and 9 months follow-up in the operation group.Osseous remodeling occurred in 66％ (25 of 38 joints) of patients after HA injection and 55％(16 of 29 joints) of patients appeared bone remodeling after disc repair.Conclusions Both injection of hyaluronic acid and disc repair are effective for treatment of temporomandibular joint disc perforation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of TGF-? 1 and TGF-? 2 on cleft palate formation .Methods:30 pregnant NIH mice in experimental group were injected with dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) intr aperitoneally in GD 12 12 ,30 mice in control group were given the same vo lume of NS.Fetuses were removed out in GD13 12 ,GD14 12 and GD15 12 , heads of the mice were sliced in coronal plane.Expression of TGF-? 1 an d TGF-? 2 in embryonic palate were detected by immunohistochemical methods: Results:Dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) induced cleft palate in NI H embryos,and expression of TGF-? 1 and TGF-? 2 in palate tissues was h igher in the experimental group than that in the control (P

0.05).Conclusion:Modified osteotomy can not improve operative effect.