Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy for gastric cancer. Methods: The surveillance on causes of death data of permanent residents in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management Information System from 2014 to 2023. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was calculated, and standardized by the data from the Sixth Chinese National Population Census in 2010. The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL) and rate of potential years of life lost (PYLLR). The characteristics of mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in different genders and age groups were described. The trends in mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Totally 17 080 deaths were reported due to gastric cancer in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2023, accounting for 12.58% and ranking third in the order of malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 20.73/105, and the standardized mortality was 15.22/105, showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-3.311%, -6.470%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 29.22/105 in men and 11.61/105 in women, with standardized mortality rates of 20.81/105 and 8.74/105 (both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with increasing age (P<0.05), reaching the highest rate of 225.88/105 in the group aged 80 to <85 years. The PYLL and PYLLR of gastric cancer were 107 607.50 person-years and 1.37‰. The PYLLR appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023, with AAPC of -6.667% (P<0.05). Conclusions The mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023. Men and the elderly populations were the key groups for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality and life loss due to falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures for falls among the elderly. Methods: The data on fall-related deaths among the elderly aged 60 and above in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management Information System from 2015 to 2023. The crude mortality was calculated and standardized using the data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), and potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR). The trends in mortality and life loss among the elderly were analyzed using the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: There were 11 378 deaths due to falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City from 2015 to 2023, with a crude mortality of 82.67/100 000 and a standardized mortality of 65.32/105, which appeared no significant changing trend (AAPC=3.401%、2.995%,both P>0.05). There was a tendency towards a rise from 2019 to 2023 (APC=12.592%、11.507%, both P<0.05). The majority of falls occurred at home, with 6 312 cases accounting for 55.48%. The primary types of fall-related deaths were slips, trips, and falls on the same level, with 8 541 cases representing 75.07%. The crude mortality and standardized mortality of falls in males were 76.63/105 and 60.86/105, which were lower than that in females at 88.72/100 000 and 70.33/100 000 (both P<0.05), and the trends were consistent with the overall population. The crude mortality of falls among the elderly increased with age (P<0.05). From 2015 to 2023, the crude mortality of falls among the elderly aged 60 to <65 years showed an upward trend (AAPC=4.860%, P<0.05), while no significant trend was observed in other age groups (all P>0.05). The PYLL was 5 123 person-years, the AYLL was 0.45 years per person, and the PYLLR was 0.37‰. From 2015 to 2023, PYLL showed an upward trend (AAPC=5.477%, P<0.05). The PYLL, AYLL, and PYLLR for males were 3.08 times, 3.48 times, and 2.67 times those of females, respectively. Conclusions From 2015 to 2023, the mortality of falls among the elderly in Wenzhou City had remained relatively stable. However, PYLL showed an upward trend. Males and older seniors were key groups for falls prevention. It is recommended to enhance health education and promote age-friendly home modifications to prevent falls among the elderly.

Objective: To investigate the association between overweight, obesity, central obesity and hypertension, so as to provide the basis for formulating targeted hypertension prevention and control strategies. Methods: Permanent residents aged ≥18 years were selected in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from June 2023 to August 2024 by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The prevalence of hypertension was calculated and standardized using the data of the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine overweight and obesity, while WC was used to identify central obesity. The association between overweight, obesity, central obesity and hypertension were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: A total of 38 593 residents were surveyed, including 19 481 (50.48%) males and 19 112 (49.52%) females. The median age was 46.00 (interquartile range, 26.00) years. The rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity were 32.74% (12 634 individuals), 10.27% (3 963 individuals), and 27.87% (10 755 individuals), respectively. There were 11 813 cases of hypertension, with a prevalence and standardized prevalence of 30.61% and 24.41%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic information, lifestyle, diabetes and dyslipidemia, the likelihood of hypertension in the overweight and obesity groups was 1.927 (95%CI: 1.815-2.045) times and 3.724 (95%CI: 3.404-4.073) times that of the normal BMI group, respectively. The likelihood of hypertension in the central obesity group was 2.346 (95%CI: 2.214-2.486) times that of the normal WC group. The likelihood of hypertension in the central obesity only, overweight only, overweight with central obesity, obesity only and obesity with central obesity groups was 1.586 (95%CI: 1.391-1.809), 1.704 (95%CI: 1.582-1.835), 2.433 (95%CI: 2.254-2.626), 1.768 (95%CI: 1.424-2.194), and 4.466 (95%CI: 4.053-4.921) times that of the normal BMI and WC group, respectively. Conclusions Overweight, obesity and central obesity were all associated with hypertension among adult residents. The highest likelihood of hypertension was observed among adult residents with both general obesity and central obesity.

Mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCNs) have received considerable attention for biomedical applications due to their unique structural features, including high specific surface area, adjustable pore size, and remarkable biocompatibility. These properties have addressed key challenges such as inefficiencies in drug loading and release, minimizing the side effects associated with conventional treatments. In this review, the classification and the research progress of MCNs are summarized firstly, the preparation and modification techniques to enhance their functionality and properties are further reviewed, the main physicochemical properties are introduced as well, highlighting their contributions to MCNs in applications. In addition, the biomedical applications of MCNs are emphasized, including tumor therapy, tumor theranostics, antibacterial, delivery of active molecules and biological detection. Finally, the prospects and challenges of clinical application based on MCNs are analyzed to provide an effective reference and lay the foundation for further research.

Objective: To investigate the mortality and life loss of female breast cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of breast cancer. Methods: Data of female breast cancer deaths in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management information System from 2014 to 2012. The mortality of breast cancer was calculated, and standardized by the data from the Sixth Chinese National Population Census in 2010 (Chinese-standardized rate) and the world standard population first introduced by Segi (world-standardized rate). The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL), rate of potential years of life lost (PYLLR) and average years of life lost (AYLL). The trends in mortality, PYLLR and AYLL were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Totally 2 523 deaths were reported due to breast cancer from 2014 to 2022, ranking fifth in the order of female malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of female breast cancer was 7.13/105, showing an increasing trend with AAPC of 2.186% (P<0.05). The Chinese population-standardized mortality and global population-standardized mortality were 5.93/105 and 4.39/105, showing no significant trend with AAPC of -0.617% and -0.602% (both P>0.05), respectively. The crude mortality of female breast cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05). The crude mortality of breast cancer in females aged 65 years and older showed an increasing trend (AAPC=3.283%, P<0.05), but there were no significant tendency aged 15 to <45 years and 45 to <65 years (AAPC=-1.011% and -1.850%, both P>0.05). The PYLL, PYLLR and AYLL of breast cancer were 41 227.50 person-years, 1.23‰ and 19.44 years per person, respectively. AYLL showed a decreasing trend (AAPC=-1.969%, P<0.05), and PYLLR showed no significant trend (AAPC=-0.527%, P>0.05). Conclusions The mortality of female breast cancer in Wenzhou City appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2014 to 2022, and AYLL appeared a downward trend. Females aged 65 years and older were the key groups for the prevention and control of breast cancer.

Objective: To analyze the trends in mortality of liver cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for improving liver cancer control measures. Methods: Data of liver cancer mortality in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2022 were collected from Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring Information System. The crude mortality were estimated and standardized by the national population census data in China in 2010, and the trends in mortality of liver cancer were analyzed with average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: There were 22 033 liver cancer deaths from 2014 to 2022, accounting for 18.08% of malignant tumor deaths and ranking the second in malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of liver cancer was 30.00/105 and the standardized mortality was 24.32/105, both showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-2.812% and -5.742%, both P<0.05). The standardized mortality of liver cancer were higher in men than in women (36.66/105 vs. 11.21/105, P<0.05), both showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-5.702% and -5.521%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of liver cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05), with the highest crude mortality in the group aged 80 to 84 years, reaching 145.12/105. The crude mortality of liver cancer showed a tendency towards a decline among residents aged under 15 years, 15 to 44 years, 45 to 64 years and 65 years and above (AAPC=-20.311%, -6.569%, -7.408% and -3.177%, all P<0.05). Conclusions The mortality of liver cancer showed a tendency towards a decline in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2022. Men and the elderly were high-risk groups for liver cancer deaths, and prevention should be strengthened based on risk factors.

Background Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) is a common animal model of uveitis.Natural killer (NK) cells have been confirmed to be a type of strong inflammation-causing cells,but its role in EAU is still studing.Objective This study was designed to explore the role and mechanism of NK cells in the pathogenesis of EAU.Methods Thirty-six SPF Lewis rats were randomly divided into expeimental control group and EAU 6-,9-,12-,16-,and 21-day groups (6 rats for each group).Rats in EAU group received subcutaneous injection interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) combining 5 mg/ml tubercle bacillus with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) emulsion in foot pads,and then 400 ng pertussis toxin was intraperitoneally injected to extablish EAU models in the EAU 6-,9-,12-,16-,and 21-day group,and normal saline solution combined with CFA and 400 ng pertussis toxin was used in the same way in the experimental control group.The inflammatory response was observed by slit lamp daily after modeling and scored based on Caspi criteria.The eyeballs were extracted in 6,9,12,16 and 21 days after modeling for retinal histopathological examination,Immunofluorescent double-staining was employed to detect and locate the expression of NK cells in the retina.In addition,25 model rats were divided into EAU 0-,3-,6-,9-and 12-day groups,with 5 rats for each group,and eyeballs were extracted to prepare tissue homogenate.The expression of CXCL10 mRNA,and CXCL12 mRNA NK cell chemokines,in the tissue homogenate was assayed by real-time quantitative PCR.The use and care of the rats followed Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animal by State Science and Technology Commission.Results No inflammatory sign in ocular anterior segment of the rats was seen in the experimental control group.The expansion of rat iris vessels was found in the EAU 6-day group,and exudes and hypopyon of the anterior chamber occurred in the EAU 9-day group and the inflammation peaked in the EAU 12-day gorup.The rat retinal structure was normal in the experimental control group,and the arrangement disorder of retinal structure,the cell separation in outer nuclear layer and damage of photoreceptors were found under the optical microscope in different degree in various EAU groups,with the most serious change in the EAU 12-day group.Immunofluorescent double staining showed normally arranged nucleus in the experimental control group,and a lot of NK infiltration was seen in the EAU 6-day group and peaked in the EAU 9-day group.The expression level of CXCL10 mRNA in the EAU 9-day group was 34.298 ± 16.689,which was significantly higher than that in the EAU 3-,6-and 12-day group,respectively (1.390 ± 0.660,3.359 ± 2.581,4.711 ±1.387) (all at P＜0.01).No significant differences were found in the relative expression of CXCL12 mRNA among different EAU groups (F=2.851,P＞0.05).Conclusions Retinal NK cell infiltration occurs in the early stage of EAU,and the severity of NK cell infiltration is consistent with the inflammatory process and CXCL10 expression,suggesting NK cells play an important role in the early stage of EAU,and CXCL10 is an important chemokine of NK cells in EAU rats.

Objective To study the effects of ethanol extract of rhizoma phragmitis on liver glycogen content and glycogen synthetase (GS) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. Methods The diabetic model mice were divided in-to model control group, high-dose group and low-dose group, 10 mice for each group. Another 10 normal mice were used as control group. The liver glycogen content was detected by histochemical staining of glycogen (PAS) method. The expression of GS mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assays. Results After PAS staining the hepatic glycogen content decreased significantly in model control group, and which was significantly increased in low-dose group and high-dose group compared with that of model control group (P＜0.01). The hepatic glyco-gen content was the highest in high-dose group compared with that of other three groups. The levels of GS mRNA and GS protein were significantly lower in model control group than those of other three groups, which were significantly lower in low-dose group than those of high-dose group (P＜0.05). Conclusion There is a dose-dependent effect of ethanol extract of rhizoma phragmitis on liver glycogen in STZ induced diabetic mice, which may be related with the increased expression of liver glycogen synthetase.

Grey system theory was applied in analysis of Electroencephalogram (EEG) to extract features of driving fatigue in this study. Model GM(1,1) was built for EEG collected during simulative driving experiments. At the same time, the data of steering wheel movements and subjective fatigue level were analyzed as reference. The results of experiments reveal that the co-deviation of Model GM(1,1) parameter a and b, cov(a,b), coincides with the standard deviation of steering wheel movements. This indicates that Grey system theory is effective for EEG analysis and the parameters of GM(1,1) can well reflect the change of driving fatigue.
Adult ; Automobile Driving ; psychology ; Computer Simulation ; Electroencephalography ; methods ; Fatigue ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Theoretical