Allergic diseases exhibited the characteristics of latent concealment and dynamic transmutation， which highly align with the pathogenic features of "latency and transformative change" described in the theory of latent pathogens. Based on the "latent pathogens with transformative potential" theory， this paper systematically explored the mechanisms of occurrence， transmission， and outcome of allergic diseases. It proposed that the insufficiency of kidney essence is the root cause enabling pathogens to lurk internally， leading to disease onset due to deficient healthy qi and lurking pathogens； the dysfunction of sanjiao serves as the pathway for pathogen stagnation， driving multi-system transmission； the accumulation of phlegm， stasis， and toxins constitutes the predicament of a protracted course， ultimately resulting in intractable pathological entanglement. Accordingly， a tiered intervention strategy is formulated，i.e. during the latency period， treatment should tonify the kidney and replenish essence to consolidate the foundation and halt the tendency of pathogens to lurk internally； during the transmission period， treatment should regulate sanjiao to intercept disease transmission and curb multi-system proliferation； during the protracted period， treatment should purge phlegm and resolve stasis to eliminate stubborn lesions， and break the vicious cycle of chronic accumulation and damage.

Allergy-related diseases are common and frequently-occurring in children. Its onset follows the sensitization transfer rule from skin allergy to respiratory allergy, which is called the natural process of allergic disease or atopic march. The relationship between intestinal microbiota and allergic diseases has been a hot topic in recent years. Immunoregulation and neuromodulation with the participation of intestinal microbiota are two important aspects that affect the development of allergic diseases. Therefore, in this paper, we systematically reviewed the interaction of bacteria-immune-neural network in atopic march from the perspective of multi-system sensitization, so as to open up new perspectives for the mechanism research and prevention of sensitization progress.