Objective: To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of screen exposure among preschool children in China, so as to provide evidence for formulating scientific intervention strategies. Methods: Retrieve relevant studies on screen exposure among preschool children from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from the time of estaldishment to June 29, 2025. Meta analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. Results: A total of 43 studies were included. Meta analysis showed that the prevalence of screen exposure among preschool children in China was 46.0% (95% CI = 38.9 %-53.1%, P <0.01). Girls, non only child, father s age<35 years, both parents having an educational level of high school or below, being cared for by grandparents, rural residence, parents having no exercise habit, parental support for the use of screen devices, and parental screen time>1 h/d were influencing factors for screen exposure among preschool children [ OR (95% CI ) were 0.85(0.78-0.92), 1.09(1.04-1.15), 1.45(1.22-1.71), 1.38(1.24- 1.54 ), 1.78(1.32-2.40), 1.39(1.16-1.65), 1.38(1.13-1.69), 1.67(1.40-1.98), 1.70(1.38-2.10), 1.59(1.04-2.43), all P <0.05]. Conclusion The prevalence of screen exposure among preschool children in China is relatively high, and relevant child health promotion strategies should be formulated to reduce its occurrence.

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major challenge in psychiatric clinical practice. However, there is still substantial controversy in the academic community regarding how to define and assess it, and treat and manage these patients effectively. This paper reviews the evolution of the concept of "treatment resistance"in depression with a particular focus on comparing the conventional concept of TRD with the recently proposed concept of "Difficult-to-Treat Depression (DTD)". It explores the underlying rationale and logic behind this conceptual shift, and discusses the practical challenges associated with implementing the "DTD" framework in clinical practice. Finally, the paper provides targeted recommendations to address these challenges, aiming to serve as a reference for psychiatric clinicians and researchers in China.

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a major challenge in psychiatric clinical practice. However, there is still substantial controversy in the academic community regarding how to define and assess it, and treat and manage these patients effectively. This paper reviews the evolution of the concept of "treatment resistance"in depression with a particular focus on comparing the conventional concept of TRD with the recently proposed concept of "Difficult-to-Treat Depression (DTD)". It explores the underlying rationale and logic behind this conceptual shift, and discusses the practical challenges associated with implementing the "DTD" framework in clinical practice. Finally, the paper provides targeted recommendations to address these challenges, aiming to serve as a reference for psychiatric clinicians and researchers in China.

Objective To systematically describe and analyze the major factors influencing diabetes mellitus(DM)patients'foot self-care behaviors.Methods A computer-based search was conducted to retrieve observational studies on factors influencing DM patients'foot self-care behaviors from databases including PubMed,Web of Science,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM Datebase.The search was limited to articles published up to July 2024.Two separate researchers conducted an independent review,data extraction,and quality assessment of the retrieved articles,applying both inclusion and exclusion criteria.Subsequently,a Meta-analysis focusing on the influencing factors was performed utilizing Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 17 articles met the criteria and were included in the study.The Meta-analysis results showed that good foot self-care was associated with education level,diabetes duration,place of residence,hypertension,insulin use,health education,regular follow-up visits,medication adherence,and self-monitoring of blood glucose.Conclusion There are multiple factors influencing DM patients'foot self-care.Healthcare providers can identify low levels of foot self-care behaviors early based on relevant factors and intervene accordingly to promote positive clinical outcomes for patients.

Embryonic stem cells have remarkable proliferative and differentiation developmental capabilities and thus have great potential for cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug development. However, such totipotency has resulted in genomic instability, especially in the case of DNA damage. Human embryonic stem cells possess particular repair mechanisms to avoid the accumulation of such damage within the cell or its transmission to the offspring, thus ensuring the accuracy and safety of self-replication and differentiation development. This paper summarized the repair mechanisms of DNA damage in human embryonic stem cells and intends to provide a basis for further exploration of new ideas of stem cell therapy in conjunction with their repair mechanisms.

Embryonic stem cells have remarkable proliferative and differentiation developmental capabilities and thus have great potential for cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug development. However, such totipotency has resulted in genomic instability, especially in the case of DNA damage. Human embryonic stem cells possess particular repair mechanisms to avoid the accumulation of such damage within the cell or its transmission to the offspring, thus ensuring the accuracy and safety of self-replication and differentiation development. This paper summarized the repair mechanisms of DNA damage in human embryonic stem cells and intends to provide a basis for further exploration of new ideas of stem cell therapy in conjunction with their repair mechanisms.

Objective To study the effects of IL-4 in prostate cancer cells glycometabolism and proliferation. Methods We used IL-4 to treat PC3 cells, then tested the changes of LDH-A expression by RT-qPCR, Western Blot, CCK-8 and lactate production assay. Results Our data showed that IL-4 induced LDH-A up-expression in PC3 cells at mRNA and protein levels. Also, IL-4 promoted the proliferation activation and increased lactate production in PC3 cells. Conclusion IL-4 can strengthen the proliferation activation in PC3 cells by up-regulating LDH-A expression.