Objective To understand the cross-time diagnosis stability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD),and analyze the situation of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to analyze 3 163 children who were first time diagnosed as ASD in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2014 to September 2018.463 cases of ASD were evaluated again after one year apart.Statistical methods such as rank sum test or chi-square test were used to compare the coincidence rate,misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate among different age groups.Misdiagnosis was analyzed among different age groups.Results The mean age of the first diagnosis was 39.00 (29.04,56.04) months,and the mean age of second diagnosis was 54.07 (43.83,69.03) months.The interval time between the two diagnoses was 17.78 (14.33,24.94) months.The diagnosis coincidence rate of ASD was 86.96％,the misdiagnosis rate was 5.80％,and the missed diagnosis rate was 7.25％.The misdiagnosis rates of＜24-month-old group and ＞72-month-old group were higher than that of 24-month-old group and 36-month-old group (x2=8.316,P=0.040).There was no difference in missed diagnosis rate between each group (x2=1.358,P=0.715).28 children were misdiagnosed,＜24-month-old group and 24-month-old group were liable to misdiagnosis as the other developmental disorders than ＞72-month-old group.While＞72-month-old group was liable to misdiagnosis as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or emotional disorder than these two group (P=0.009).35 children were missed diagnosis,＜24-month-old group and 24-month-old group were liable to missed diagnosis than ＞72-month-old group because of developmental problem,while ＞72-month-old group was liable to missed diagnosis because of ADHD or emotional disorder (P=0.008).Conclusion The diagnostic consistency of ASD with the interval period of 17.78 months,including the initial diagnosis in children younger than 1 year old,is pretty high.ASD is liable to be confused with other developmental disorders at the younger age.When order than 72 months-old,ASD is liable to be confused with ADHD or emotional disorders.

Objective To understand the cross-time diagnosis stability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD),and analyze the situation of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to analyze 3 163 children who were first time diagnosed as ASD in Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2014 to September 2018.463 cases of ASD were evaluated again after one year apart.Statistical methods such as rank sum test or chi-square test were used to compare the coincidence rate,misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate among different age groups.Misdiagnosis was analyzed among different age groups.Results The mean age of the first diagnosis was 39.00 (29.04,56.04) months,and the mean age of second diagnosis was 54.07 (43.83,69.03) months.The interval time between the two diagnoses was 17.78 (14.33,24.94) months.The diagnosis coincidence rate of ASD was 86.96％,the misdiagnosis rate was 5.80％,and the missed diagnosis rate was 7.25％.The misdiagnosis rates of＜24-month-old group and ＞72-month-old group were higher than that of 24-month-old group and 36-month-old group (x2=8.316,P=0.040).There was no difference in missed diagnosis rate between each group (x2=1.358,P=0.715).28 children were misdiagnosed,＜24-month-old group and 24-month-old group were liable to misdiagnosis as the other developmental disorders than ＞72-month-old group.While＞72-month-old group was liable to misdiagnosis as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or emotional disorder than these two group (P=0.009).35 children were missed diagnosis,＜24-month-old group and 24-month-old group were liable to missed diagnosis than ＞72-month-old group because of developmental problem,while ＞72-month-old group was liable to missed diagnosis because of ADHD or emotional disorder (P=0.008).Conclusion The diagnostic consistency of ASD with the interval period of 17.78 months,including the initial diagnosis in children younger than 1 year old,is pretty high.ASD is liable to be confused with other developmental disorders at the younger age.When order than 72 months-old,ASD is liable to be confused with ADHD or emotional disorders.

Objective To compare the efficacy of zillah risperidone and risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods In our hospital from January 2010 to January 2014,selected 60 cases schizophrenic patients hospitalized as observed object,60 cases hospitalized patients with schizophrenia during as the observed object, all patients were ran-domly divided into group A (ziprasidone) and group B (risperidone), each group of 30 patients, before and after treatment efficacy PANSS score changes and two groups of patients after treatment, adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results After 4,8 weeks, the PANSS total score,PANSS positive symptoms, PANSS negative symptoms of A group and B group were significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05),PANSS scores of A group after treatment 4,8 weeks were significantly lower than in group B,the differ-ence was statistically significant (P<0.05),but after treatment 4,8 weeks,PANSS positive symptoms, PANSS negative symptoms of group A and group B had no significant significance. The total effective rate of A group was 86.7%,was higher than that in group B (83.3%),but the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment for 6 weeks,the incidence of adverse reactions of A group was 20%,group B was 40%,the inci-dence of adverse reactions in group A was significantly lower than group B,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Ziprasidone and risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia have better efficacy, but com-pared to risperidone, ziprasidone has advantages,with fewer adverse reactions.

Objective To study the effect of venlafaxine and fluoxetine in depression and improvement on cognitive function. Methods Retrospectively analyzed from January 2012 to January 2014 in our hospital for treatment of 32 cas-es of depression with venlafaxine in patients with clinical data, set up for the observation group, selected the same pe-riod of fluoxetine in 32 patients with depression in patients with clinical data, set up as the control group, HAMD score, cognitive function before and after treatment were compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of ob-servation group after treatment was 93.75%,was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The observation group and the control group of patients with HAMD scores were significantly lower than before treatment, and the HAMD score of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The observation group group after treatment 8 weeks, number of errors, random errors were significantly lower than before treatment, and sig-nificantly less than the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the control group after 8 weeks of treatment, number of perse-verative errors connected rates had no significant difference before treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion Venlafaxine in the treatment of depression and improve the effect on cognitive function, has more advantages than fluoxetine.

A new device that allows noninvasive measurement of venous pressure has been invented in our laboratory and tested for its feasibility and validity. The device consists of four parts: 1. the air infusion system; 2. the pressure sensor gauge; 3. signal transducer and data processing system 4. the fixing apparatus. The correlation between noninvasive pressure and invasive pressure has been studied in vitro test on a saphenous vein model and in vitro test on dog's portal venous system. In vitro and vivo study, an excellent correlation between noninvasive pressure and invasive pressure was obtained(r = 0.99, P < 0.0005; r = 0.97, P < 0.005). These data suggest that the new device allows a noninvasive measurement of venous pressure especially for the large veins such as vena cava, venae pulmonales and esophageal varices.
Animals ; Blood Pressure Determination ; instrumentation ; Dogs ; Equipment Design ; In Vitro Techniques ; Venous Pressure ; physiology