To investigate the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) following the use of amphotericin B deoxycholate and to develop a predictive model to guide clinical monitoring and intervention.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on hospitalized patients who received amphotericin B deoxycholate between January 2014 and September 2024. Patients were divided into a training set and a validation set. Demographic data, laboratory findings, and medication orders were collected. Based on the occurrence of AKI during treatment and within 7 days after discontinuation, patients were classified into an AKI group and a non-AKI group. Univariate analysis was used to screen for potential risk factors, multivariate logistic regression was employed to construct a predictive model, and model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.

The training set included 473 patients, comprising 255 males (53.91%) and 218 females (46.09%), with a median age of 52(35, 62) years. The AKI group consisted of 191 cases (40.38%), and the non-AKI group consisted of 282 cases (59.62%). The validation set included 114 patients, comprising 80 males (70.18%) and 34 females (29.82%), with a median age of 43.5 (31.0, 58.5) years. The AKI group consisted of 42 cases (36.84%), and the non-AKI group consisted of 72 cases (63.16%). Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in 23 factors (all P < 0.05), including demographic data (age, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), death, length of hospital stay), laboratory findings (serum creatinine above normal, urea above normal, neutrophil percentage below normal, neutrophil percentage above normal, lymphocyte percentage below normal, serum sodium above normal), concomitant medications (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antifungal agents, neurological drugs, adrenergic drugs, sodium bicarbonate tablets/injection, diphenhydramine/promethazine injection, NSAIDs⁺ diphenhydramine/promethazine, NSAIDs⁺ corticosteroids, diphenhydramine/promethazine+corticosteroids, NSAIDs⁺ diphenhydramine/prome-thazine+corticosteroids), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, cardiac insufficiency)(all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified admission to the ICU (OR=2.128, 95% CI: 1.415-3.201), elevated serum creatinine at admission (OR=1.920, 95% CI: 1.235-2.985), and comorbid cardiac insufficiency (OR=3.394, 95% CI: 1.369-8.417) as risk factors, while prophylactic use of diphenhydramine/promethazine injection (OR=0.182, 95% CI: 0.083-0.399) or sodium bicarbonate tablets/injection (OR=0.512, 95% CI: 0.339-0.773) were protective factors.The prediction model equation is as follows. logit(P)=ln[P/(1-P)]= -0.479+0.755X₁+0.652X₂+1.222X₃-1.702X₄-0.67X₅ (X₁ admitted to the intensive care unit, X₂ admitted to the hospital with higher serum creatinine than the normal value, X₃ complicated with cardiac insufficiency, X₄ combined with diphenhydramine/promethazine injection, X₅ was combined with sodium bicarbonate tablets/injection, X was taken as "1" or "0" according to whether the conditions were met). The AUC of the model was 0.735 (95% CI: 0.691-0.780) in the training set and 0.699 (95% CI: 0.604-0.795) in the validation set. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded a χ² value of 4.048 (P=0.774), indicating good model calibration.

Admission to the ICU, elevated serum creatinine at admission, and comorbid cardiac insufficiency as potential risk factors for AKI, while prophylactic use of diphenhydramine/promethazine or sodium bicarbonate showed a protective association. A predictive model with good discrimina-tion and calibration was developed, which may provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients and timely adjustment of treatment strategies in clinical practice.

In modern society, sugary foods have become an integral part of many people′s lives. However, excessive sugar consumption has adverse effects on both overall health and oral health, serving as a contributing factor to the global increasing incidence in oral diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, obesity, and diabetes. In response to the health risks related to high-sugar diets, the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Dental Federation (FDI) have proposed initiatives and recommendations, with various governments implementing different policies and strategies to reduce sugar intake. Chinese government has also taken proactive measures. The "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" initiative introduced by the State Council in 2019 established a crucial benchmark in limiting the average daily intake of added sugar to 25 g per person forward to 2030. Experts from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the field of oral health have meticulously examined the impacts of sugar reduction on oral health, as well as strategies, methods, and practical considerations related to reducing sugar intake through several meeting and wrote the "Expert consensus: reducing free-sugar for caries prevention", which was subsequently reviewed and revised based on the feedback from multiple stakeholders. They have conducted thorough analyses of global trends in sugar reduction and best practices to provide valuable insights to China for crafting effective policies and strategies on sugar reduction. This consensus mainly includes the classification of free sugars, the latest scientific evidence on dental caries, recommendations from WHO on sugar-sweetened beverage taxes, nutrition labeling, advertising, food reform, adjusting supply systems, education, and promotion strategies, as well as sugar reduction actions taken by various governments around the world. Combining the actual situation in China, policy recommendations and authoritative popular science knowledge on sugar reduction for caries prevention to public are proposed to advocate for experts in multiple fields to focus on sugar reduction for caries prevention, promote the work process, and provide the scientific basis for oral health educators.

In modern society, sugary foods have become an integral part of many people′s lives. However, excessive sugar consumption has adverse effects on both overall health and oral health, serving as a contributing factor to the global increasing incidence in oral diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, obesity, and diabetes. In response to the health risks related to high-sugar diets, the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Dental Federation (FDI) have proposed initiatives and recommendations, with various governments implementing different policies and strategies to reduce sugar intake. Chinese government has also taken proactive measures. The "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" initiative introduced by the State Council in 2019 established a crucial benchmark in limiting the average daily intake of added sugar to 25 g per person forward to 2030. Experts from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the field of oral health have meticulously examined the impacts of sugar reduction on oral health, as well as strategies, methods, and practical considerations related to reducing sugar intake through several meeting and wrote the "Expert consensus: reducing free-sugar for caries prevention", which was subsequently reviewed and revised based on the feedback from multiple stakeholders. They have conducted thorough analyses of global trends in sugar reduction and best practices to provide valuable insights to China for crafting effective policies and strategies on sugar reduction. This consensus mainly includes the classification of free sugars, the latest scientific evidence on dental caries, recommendations from WHO on sugar-sweetened beverage taxes, nutrition labeling, advertising, food reform, adjusting supply systems, education, and promotion strategies, as well as sugar reduction actions taken by various governments around the world. Combining the actual situation in China, policy recommendations and authoritative popular science knowledge on sugar reduction for caries prevention to public are proposed to advocate for experts in multiple fields to focus on sugar reduction for caries prevention, promote the work process, and provide the scientific basis for oral health educators.

Objective:To assess the prevalence of dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) and related factors in urban adults in China.Methods:The study was designed as an observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out in adults aged 18-69 years old in seven cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Chengdu, Xi′an, Guangzhou, and Harbin) of China. The study was conducted from March 2021 to May 2023. Patients were required to complete a questionnaire regarding the subjects′ socio-economic factors, dietary behavior, oral health behavior and personal antecedent factors. DH was clinically diagnosed by judging whether the tooth cold air stimulation provoked DH or not, and recorded by investigator pain rating Schiff score. Compare the findings of six cities (Harbin excluded) with a similar study conducted in 2008.Results:In total, 11 622 subjects from seven cities in China participated the study. Fifty two point two percent (6 072/11 622) of subjects reported DH in questionnaire, 36.7% (4 266/11 622) of subjects reported experiencing DH in response to cold air stimulation for at least one study tooth. Risk factors including age, sex, city, toothbrush method and acid reflux showed marked associations with DH ( P<0.05). The prevalence of DH of urban residents in six cities (Harbin excluded) was 33.7% (3 335/9 882), higher than that in 2008 [29.7%(2 354/7 939)]. Conclusions:Overall, DH was common among urban adults in China and the prevalence increased in recent years. Better understanding of DH and its associated factors should be considered in its prevention and management by dental professionals.

Objective:To assess the periodontal diseases as a possible risk factor for preterm and low birth weight. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in Hubei. The samples were chosen randomly by the rule of admittance. Socio-demographic information relating to health and maternal habits was collected through a questionnaire. The clinical parameters were debris index-simplified (DI-S), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAJ). The birth time and weight were recorded. The result was analyzed with chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.Results: The incidence of preterm low birth weight was 12.3%. The gingivitis and periodontitis were diagnosed in 86.6% and 64.2% of preterm low birth weight cases. The odds ratio of having gingivitis and preterm low birth weight was 1.30(95%confidence interval: 0.53-3.22). The odds ratio of having periodontitis and preterm low birth weight was 2.69(95%confidence interval: 1.37-5.27). Conclusion: The periodontal diseases of pregnancy can be regarded as an important risk factor for preterm low birth weight.

OBJECTIVETo construct a fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine pGLUA-P carrying GLU fragment from gtfB gene of Streptococcus mutans GS-5 and A-P fragment including the A region and P region of PAc protein from a DNA anti-caries vaccine pCIA-P, and to investigate its expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

METHODSThe sequence of GLU fragment in pGLU plasmid was testified by DNA sequencing. The fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine was constructed by ligating A-P fragment from pCIA-P to pGLU. The expression of GLUA-P fusion protein in E. coli BL21 (DE3) was induced by IPTG and checked by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. pGLUA-P was transfected in vitro to cultured rat primary muscle cells by cation liposome Dosper, and immunohistochemical method was used to test the expression of GLUA-P fusion protein in cells.

RESULTSGLU sequence was identical with relative sequence of GTF-I (GS-5 strain) in Gene Bank. Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pGLUA-P was confirmed to have both GLU and A-P fragment. After pGLUA-P was transferred into E. coli (DE3), it could express a new 115 000 protein by the induce of IPTG. Specific brown products could be found in the cytoplasm of cultured rat primary muscle cells transfected by pGLUA-P.

CONCLUSIONSFusion anti-caries DNA vaccine pGLUA-P is successfully constructed and confirmed by sequencing and enzymes digestion. Fusion GLUA-P protein can be correctly expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Glucosyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Muscle, Skeletal ; cytology ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Streptococcal Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Streptococcus mutans ; genetics ; immunology ; Transfection ; Vaccines, DNA ; genetics ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this survey was to assess dental knowledge and behaviors of the teachers and mothers of school children.

METHODSAll data was collected from 1365 mothers of first grade students and 215 schoolteachers in Yichang, Hubei by using questionnaires and, analyzed using SPSS software.

RESULTSThe level of dental knowledge was higher among schoolteachers than among mothers; the mothers were mostly informed through television/book (62.4%/51.5%), while teachers received information from various sources, including the dentists (75.3%). Most of the children (94.0%) didn't have practical support from their parents in daily tooth cleaning. Only 18.9% of them visited the dentist at least once per year.

CONCLUSIONThis finding suggested that we should emphasize oral healthy education among mothers and schoolteachers, in order to promote school-based oral health education program.

Adult ; Attitude to Health ; Child ; China ; Dental Care for Children ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Education, Dental ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Periodontal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; Toothbrushing ; statistics & numerical data