Objective:To compare the the cultivation effects of human embryos in dry and humid incubators.Methods:A total of 479 infertile patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at Reproductive Center of Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2020 to April 2022. The study was divided into two stages. The first stage of the study was a self-comparative research with 95 cases from the same period and source. The embryos were divided into dry and humid incubator groups to compare the embryo development indicators. In the second stage of the study, the patients were divided into six groups, including 10 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 20 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 30 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 10 μL dry incubator group ( n=64), 20 μL dry incubator group ( n=64), and 30 μL dry incubator group ( n=64). The general clinical data, embryo development indicators, pregnancy outcomes, and the osmotic pressure and pH values of each group at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h were detected and compared. Results:After cultivation of the same patient's embryos in dry and humid incubator, the total blastocyst formation rate [62.3% (162/260)] and high-quality blastocyst rate [24.6% (64/260)] in dry incubator were lower than those in the humid incubator [71.6% (252/352), P=0.015; 32.1% (113/352), P=0.043]. Compared with the other microdroplet groups, the osmotic pressure of cleavage culture medium in 10 μL group of dry incubator at 48 h and 72 h and blastocyst culture medium were significantly increased, the differences among the groups were significant (cleavage culture medium, all P<0.001; blastocyst culture medium, P=0.006, P=0.008). There was no significant difference in pH value among different microdroplet volume groups at the same period (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in general data among the different microdroplet groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the other microdroplet groups, 10 μL dry incubator group exhibited significantly lower transferable embryo rate (all P<0.001). When compared with 20 μL and 30 μL groups in both dry and humid incubators, 10 μL dry incubator group showed a lower day 5 blastocyst formation rate, lower total blastocyst formation rate, and lower high-quality blastocyst formation rate, the differences among the groups were significant (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the number of transferred embryos, the ratio of cleavage-stage embryos and the ratio of high-quality embryos among different groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the other microdroplet groups, the clinical pregnancy rate, the embryo implantation rate, the live birth rate of fresh transplanted embryos and the cumulative pregnancy rate in 10 μL group in the dry incubator decreased, and the miscarriage rate increased, but all were not significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with humid incubators, there are no significant differences in embryo development and pregnancy outcomes for droplet volumes of 20 μL or above in dry incubators. However, the 10 μL microdroplet culture in the dry incubator is not conducive to embryonic development, which may be related to the increased osmotic pressure of the microdroplet.

Objective:To compare the the cultivation effects of human embryos in dry and humid incubators.Methods:A total of 479 infertile patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at Reproductive Center of Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2020 to April 2022. The study was divided into two stages. The first stage of the study was a self-comparative research with 95 cases from the same period and source. The embryos were divided into dry and humid incubator groups to compare the embryo development indicators. In the second stage of the study, the patients were divided into six groups, including 10 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 20 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 30 μL humid incubator group ( n=64), 10 μL dry incubator group ( n=64), 20 μL dry incubator group ( n=64), and 30 μL dry incubator group ( n=64). The general clinical data, embryo development indicators, pregnancy outcomes, and the osmotic pressure and pH values of each group at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h were detected and compared. Results:After cultivation of the same patient's embryos in dry and humid incubator, the total blastocyst formation rate [62.3% (162/260)] and high-quality blastocyst rate [24.6% (64/260)] in dry incubator were lower than those in the humid incubator [71.6% (252/352), P=0.015; 32.1% (113/352), P=0.043]. Compared with the other microdroplet groups, the osmotic pressure of cleavage culture medium in 10 μL group of dry incubator at 48 h and 72 h and blastocyst culture medium were significantly increased, the differences among the groups were significant (cleavage culture medium, all P<0.001; blastocyst culture medium, P=0.006, P=0.008). There was no significant difference in pH value among different microdroplet volume groups at the same period (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in general data among the different microdroplet groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the other microdroplet groups, 10 μL dry incubator group exhibited significantly lower transferable embryo rate (all P<0.001). When compared with 20 μL and 30 μL groups in both dry and humid incubators, 10 μL dry incubator group showed a lower day 5 blastocyst formation rate, lower total blastocyst formation rate, and lower high-quality blastocyst formation rate, the differences among the groups were significant (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the number of transferred embryos, the ratio of cleavage-stage embryos and the ratio of high-quality embryos among different groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the other microdroplet groups, the clinical pregnancy rate, the embryo implantation rate, the live birth rate of fresh transplanted embryos and the cumulative pregnancy rate in 10 μL group in the dry incubator decreased, and the miscarriage rate increased, but all were not significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with humid incubators, there are no significant differences in embryo development and pregnancy outcomes for droplet volumes of 20 μL or above in dry incubators. However, the 10 μL microdroplet culture in the dry incubator is not conducive to embryonic development, which may be related to the increased osmotic pressure of the microdroplet.

Objective:To analyze the neurocognitive abnormalities and related emotional and behavioral problems in 410 adolescent patients with Turner syndrome (TS) managed in Henan Children′s Hospital in the past 5 years, and to explore the relationship between neurocognitive abnormalities and chromosome karyotype, pubertal development, hormone replacement therapy.Methods:A retrospective case series study.A total of 410 adolescent patients who were diagnosed with TS by karyotype or fluorescence in situ hybridization in the outpatient or inpatient Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism at Henan Children′s Hospital from June 2018 to June 2023 were selected and divided into 2 groups according to age: < 12 years old and 12-18 years old.Neurocognitive assessments were performed based on the results of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (4 th edition) for children and behavior scales for children, SPSS 22.0 software was used for data processing and statistical analysis, and chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between chromosome karyotype, intelligence development level, pubertal development status, hormone therapy status and the occurrence of neuropsychiatric diseases. Results:Among the 410 TS patients, 207 cases had the karyotype of 45, X0/46, XX, accounting for 50.49%, 94 cases had the monosomic karyotype of 45, X0, accounting for 22.93%.Forty-six patients completed the Wechsler intelligence test, with the intelligence quotient (IQ) score ranging from 70 to 105, with high verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning scores and low processing speed and working memory scores on all assessments.Fifty-two patients completed the hyperactivity scale assessment, and 43 cases had a predisposition to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).There were no significant differences in total IQ, perceptual reasoning and processing speed among the children with karyotype 45, X0, chimeric, and X chromosome structural abnormalities ( H=3.161, 1.955, 5.890, all P>0.05), while there were significant differences in verbal comprehension and working memory among the three groups ( H=7.697, 9.694, all P<0.05).Among TS patients 12-18 years old, 68 cases completed the depression scale self-assessment, of which 23 cases had depressive tendencies.There was no correlation between depressive tendency and chromosome karyotype, pubertal development and hormone replacement therapy ( P>0.05). Conclusions:TS patients generally have low intelligence levels and tend to have ADHD in childhood.TS patients in the pubertal development have a high incidence of depression.Pubertal development status and hormone replacement therapy show no correlation with the occurrence of neuropsychiatric diseases in TS patients.

Background:Ischemic colitis is a gastrointestinal emergency caused by intestinal wall ischemia,and in severe cases,it can even be life-threatening.Currently,there is a lack of reliable detection methods for ischemic colitis.Clinically,there is an urgent need for a specific detection method to improve the early diagnosis rate of ischemic colitis.Aims:To explore the values of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and plasma D-dimer levels for early diagnosis of ischemic colitis.Methods:A total of 40 patients with ischemic colitis admitted from June 2021 to June 2023 at the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine were served as the experimental group.Meanwhile,51 patients with acute enteritis were served as controls.The clinical manifestations,as well as the laboratory,radiological,and endoscopic results were compared between the two groups.A binary Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the risk factors for the onset of ischemic colitis.ROC curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance of serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels for the early diagnosis of ischemic colitis.Results:Compared with the control group,the proportion of patients with abdominal pain accompanied by hematochezia,and the serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels in the experimental group were significantly increased(all P<0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression model indicated that serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels were the risk factors for onset of ischemic colitis(all P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer for diagnosing ischemic colitis were 0.93 and 0.88,respectively.The combination of these two indicators could further increase the diagnostic specificity and the AUC.Conclusions:Serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels can be served as early diagnostic markers for ischemic colitis.The combination of these two indicators can greatly improve the early diagnostic performance.

Background:Ischemic colitis is a gastrointestinal emergency caused by intestinal wall ischemia,and in severe cases,it can even be life-threatening.Currently,there is a lack of reliable detection methods for ischemic colitis.Clinically,there is an urgent need for a specific detection method to improve the early diagnosis rate of ischemic colitis.Aims:To explore the values of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and plasma D-dimer levels for early diagnosis of ischemic colitis.Methods:A total of 40 patients with ischemic colitis admitted from June 2021 to June 2023 at the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine were served as the experimental group.Meanwhile,51 patients with acute enteritis were served as controls.The clinical manifestations,as well as the laboratory,radiological,and endoscopic results were compared between the two groups.A binary Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the risk factors for the onset of ischemic colitis.ROC curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance of serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels for the early diagnosis of ischemic colitis.Results:Compared with the control group,the proportion of patients with abdominal pain accompanied by hematochezia,and the serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels in the experimental group were significantly increased(all P<0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression model indicated that serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels were the risk factors for onset of ischemic colitis(all P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer for diagnosing ischemic colitis were 0.93 and 0.88,respectively.The combination of these two indicators could further increase the diagnostic specificity and the AUC.Conclusions:Serum VEGF and plasma D-dimer levels can be served as early diagnostic markers for ischemic colitis.The combination of these two indicators can greatly improve the early diagnostic performance.

Objective:To investigate the quality of life in children with McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) and its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for improving their quality of life.Methods:The clinical data of 31 children with MAS diagnosed (MAS group) and followed up in Henan Children′s Hospital from June 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.During the same period, 37 healthy age and sex-matched children at a ratio of 1∶1 were recruited as healthy control group.The children′s Quality of Life Universal Core Scale (PedsQL?4.0) was used for the investigation and comparative analysis.Statistical analysis was performed using the independent sample t test, Chi- square test and multiple regression analysis. Results:Compared with the healthy control group, the physiological function ( t=2.092, P<0.05), emotional function ( t=2.373, P<0.05) and total score ( t=2.360, P<0.05) of MAS group significantly decreased.Multiple regression analysis showed that physiological function was negatively correlated with the annual number of vaginal bleeding ( t=-2.367, P<0.05) and the age of first fracture ( t=-2.606, P<0.05). Social function was negatively correlated with the number of fractures ( t=-2.481, P<0.05). Conclusions:The overall quality of life of MAS children is low, especially the quality of physiological function and emotional function.The annual number of vaginal bleedings, the age of the first fracture and the number of fractures are influencing factors for the reduction of the quality of life of children with MAS.

Objectives:To explore the association of interleukin-19 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical phenotypes of Crohn′s disease (CD) . Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Eighty-three CD patients and 120 healthy people in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital with matched gender and age as controls were enrolled. Allele and genotype frequencies of interleukin-19 gene rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci were detected by Sanger sequencing. The differences in allele and genotype frequencies of rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci between the two groups were compared, and the association between gene polymorphisms of the above loci and disease phenotype (disease site and disease behavior) and drug efficacy was analyzed. Results:The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci differed between the two groups (all P<0.05) . Compared with control group, genotype CC+CA of rs2243188 frequency was higher in patients with ileocolonic CD (86.67% vs. 60.00%, OR = 4.333, 95% CI: 1.891-9.929, P = 0.001) , allele C of rs2243188 frequencies were higher in patients with terminal ileal CD (44.44% vs. 37.08%, OR = 5.589, 95% CI: 5.378-5.918, P = 0.019) and ileocolonic CD (50.00% vs. 37.08%, OR = 6.589, 95% CI: 6.378-7.918, P = 0.018) . However, genotype GA+AA of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with terminal ileal CD (55.56% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.089, 95% CI: 0.020-0.399, P = 0.002) and ileocolonic CD (75.00% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.214, 95% CI: 0.085-0.540, P = 0.001) , allele A of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with terminal ileal CD (50.00% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.809, 95% CI: 0.724-0.908, P = 0.023) and ileocolonic CD (47.50% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.008-0.502, P = 0.018) . Furthermore, compared with control group, allele C (49.28% vs. 37.08%, OR = 1.607, 95% CI: 1.397-2.927, P = 0.021) and genotype CC+CA (84.06% vs. 60.00%, OR = 3.515, 95% CI: 1.676-7.374, P = 0.001) of rs2243188 frequencies were higher in patients with ileal lesion, allele A (47.83% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.742, 95% CI: 0.709-1.741, P = 0.015) and genotype GA+AA (72.46% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.188, 95% CI: 0.077-0.458, P = 0.002) of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with ileal lesion.Compared with control group, allele A (50.00% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.243, 95% CI: 0.352-0.679, P = 0.014) and genotype GA+AA (66.67% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.143, 95% CI: 0.030-0.680, P = 0.006) of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with penetrating CD. Moreover, the rs2243188 polymorphisms were not associated with disease behavior (all P>0.05) , the rs2243188 and rs2243193 polymorphisms were not associated with the efficacy of corticosteroid and infliximab (all P>0.05) . Conclusions:The gene mutation of the interleukin-19 gene rs2243188 locus may contribute to an increased risk for the CD with ileal lesions. But the gene mutation of rs2243193 locus may contribute to an decreased risk for CD with ileal lesions and penetrating CD.

Objectives:To explore the association of interleukin-19 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical phenotypes of Crohn′s disease (CD) . Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Eighty-three CD patients and 120 healthy people in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital with matched gender and age as controls were enrolled. Allele and genotype frequencies of interleukin-19 gene rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci were detected by Sanger sequencing. The differences in allele and genotype frequencies of rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci between the two groups were compared, and the association between gene polymorphisms of the above loci and disease phenotype (disease site and disease behavior) and drug efficacy was analyzed. Results:The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the rs2243188 and rs2243193 loci differed between the two groups (all P<0.05) . Compared with control group, genotype CC+CA of rs2243188 frequency was higher in patients with ileocolonic CD (86.67% vs. 60.00%, OR = 4.333, 95% CI: 1.891-9.929, P = 0.001) , allele C of rs2243188 frequencies were higher in patients with terminal ileal CD (44.44% vs. 37.08%, OR = 5.589, 95% CI: 5.378-5.918, P = 0.019) and ileocolonic CD (50.00% vs. 37.08%, OR = 6.589, 95% CI: 6.378-7.918, P = 0.018) . However, genotype GA+AA of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with terminal ileal CD (55.56% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.089, 95% CI: 0.020-0.399, P = 0.002) and ileocolonic CD (75.00% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.214, 95% CI: 0.085-0.540, P = 0.001) , allele A of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with terminal ileal CD (50.00% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.809, 95% CI: 0.724-0.908, P = 0.023) and ileocolonic CD (47.50% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.008-0.502, P = 0.018) . Furthermore, compared with control group, allele C (49.28% vs. 37.08%, OR = 1.607, 95% CI: 1.397-2.927, P = 0.021) and genotype CC+CA (84.06% vs. 60.00%, OR = 3.515, 95% CI: 1.676-7.374, P = 0.001) of rs2243188 frequencies were higher in patients with ileal lesion, allele A (47.83% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.742, 95% CI: 0.709-1.741, P = 0.015) and genotype GA+AA (72.46% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.188, 95% CI: 0.077-0.458, P = 0.002) of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with ileal lesion.Compared with control group, allele A (50.00% vs. 70.83%, OR = 0.243, 95% CI: 0.352-0.679, P = 0.014) and genotype GA+AA (66.67% vs. 93.33%, OR = 0.143, 95% CI: 0.030-0.680, P = 0.006) of rs2243193 frequencies were lower in patients with penetrating CD. Moreover, the rs2243188 polymorphisms were not associated with disease behavior (all P>0.05) , the rs2243188 and rs2243193 polymorphisms were not associated with the efficacy of corticosteroid and infliximab (all P>0.05) . Conclusions:The gene mutation of the interleukin-19 gene rs2243188 locus may contribute to an increased risk for the CD with ileal lesions. But the gene mutation of rs2243193 locus may contribute to an decreased risk for CD with ileal lesions and penetrating CD.

In recent years, osteoporosis (OP) has become one of the main diseases affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly people in China, and the prevalence of OP has increased significantly. The clinical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for this disease are also constantly updated. The overall principles speciallyemphasise that doctors and patients need to work together to negotiate the details of the diagnosis and treatment guidelines, in order to improve the OP clinical diagnosis and treatment rate. Therefore, patients′ knowledge of the disease, understanding of clinical guidelines, and cooperation with doctors to implement diagnosis and treatment plans are very important. In this study, from the most concerned issues of the patients, we established the OP patient practice guideline working group. 14 recommendations, as the OP patient practice guidelines, are proposed in accordance with the relevant principles of the "World Health Organization guidelines development manual" and the international normative process.

Objective To study the predictive validity of general movements (GMs) assessment for motor development outcomes in neonatal purulent meningitis.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,excluding other cerebral injury diseases,a total of 34 cases of neonatal purulent meningitis,who took part in our follow-up clinic after discharged from neonatal intensive care unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from December 2012 to December 2013,were confirmed as the participants.Infants' GMs recordings during writhing movements period (at least once at 0-3 months) and fidgety movements period (at least once at 3-5 months) were collected and assessed.Motor development outcomes was determined at least after one year old with Alberta Infant Motor Scale(AIMS).Predictive validity in each period were calculated with AIMS results as the golden standard.Results Among the 34 cases,there were 24 males and ten females,and four preterm infants and 30 term babies.The age at follow-up was from 12 months to 23 months old.Ultimately,one (3％) infant with spastic cerebral palsy,seven (21％) with motor retardation and 26 (76％) with normal motor development were diagnosed.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,Youden index and residual error rate for the writhing movements period in prediction of motor development outcomes were 87.5％,46.2％,33.3％,95.6％,33.7％ and 12.5％,respectively.And the corresponding figures for the fidgety movements period were 87.5％,88.5％,70.0％,95.8％,76.0％ and 12.5％,respectively.Conclusions GMs assessment could be an accurate predictive tool for later motor developmental outcomes in neonates with purulent meningitis,especially in fidgety movements period.