Acute lateral ankle sprain (ALAS) is one of the most common sport injuries, with high incidence, recurrence and disability rates. Currently, exercise rehabilitation-based non-surgical treatment is the primary management approach for ALAS. However, there remain improper practices such as excessive immobilization or uncontrolled activity, which contribute to recurrent sprains and chronic ankle instability, significantly impairing patients′ athletic function and quality of life. To standardize the non-surgical management of ALAS, improve the cure rates, and reduce the recurrence and disability rates, Chinese Sports Rehabilitation Medicine Training Project of Chinese Medical Association, Foot and Ankle Basics and Orthopedics Group, Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Sports Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate Expert consensus on non-surgical treatment for acute lateral ankle sprain ( version 2025), following the principles of scientific vigor, practicality, and innovation. Thirteen recommendations were proposed for standardized treatment protocols across different healing phases, aiming to provide references for standard management of ALAS and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Acute lateral ankle sprain (ALAS) is one of the most common sport injuries, with high incidence, recurrence and disability rates. Currently, exercise rehabilitation-based non-surgical treatment is the primary management approach for ALAS. However, there remain improper practices such as excessive immobilization or uncontrolled activity, which contribute to recurrent sprains and chronic ankle instability, significantly impairing patients′ athletic function and quality of life. To standardize the non-surgical management of ALAS, improve the cure rates, and reduce the recurrence and disability rates, Chinese Sports Rehabilitation Medicine Training Project of Chinese Medical Association, Foot and Ankle Basics and Orthopedics Group, Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Sports Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate Expert consensus on non-surgical treatment for acute lateral ankle sprain ( version 2025), following the principles of scientific vigor, practicality, and innovation. Thirteen recommendations were proposed for standardized treatment protocols across different healing phases, aiming to provide references for standard management of ALAS and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Acquired Hemophilia A is an acquired bleeding disorder characterized by reduced FⅧ activity due to the presence of autoantibodies against anticoagulant factor Ⅷ in the circulation. Laboratory tests are typically characterized by prolonged isolated activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Clinically, it often manifests as severe bleeding, and 50% of AHA patients can identify the cause. This article reports on a patient with post-traumatic AHA who rapidly improved after antibody removal and bypass replacement therapy, followed by wound healing following surgical intervention. A review of relevant literature is also conducted to enhance clinicians' awareness of AHA, which presents with normal coagulation initially and gradually develops into prolonged APTT accompanied by bleeding manifestations, aiming for early diagnosis and timely treatment.

Acquired Hemophilia A is an acquired bleeding disorder characterized by reduced FⅧ activity due to the presence of autoantibodies against anticoagulant factor Ⅷ in the circulation. Laboratory tests are typically characterized by prolonged isolated activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Clinically, it often manifests as severe bleeding, and 50% of AHA patients can identify the cause. This article reports on a patient with post-traumatic AHA who rapidly improved after antibody removal and bypass replacement therapy, followed by wound healing following surgical intervention. A review of relevant literature is also conducted to enhance clinicians' awareness of AHA, which presents with normal coagulation initially and gradually develops into prolonged APTT accompanied by bleeding manifestations, aiming for early diagnosis and timely treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of applying standardized patient teaching based on Calgary-Cambridge communication model in nurse patient communication training for junior college interns, and to enrich the teaching methods of nurse patient communication training in domestic medical institutions.Methods:This study was a quasi-experimental study. In July 2022, 78 students were selected from 335 junior college interns in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University by random coding method, and were randomly divided into the experimental group (39 students) and the control group (39 students) by lot. The control group received routine training. The experimental group received standardized patient teaching based on Calgary Cambridge communication model: teaching the key points of communication, guiding demonstration based on Calgary Cambridge communication model, and guiding reflection and exploration. The nurse patient communication ability, nurse patient communication practice skills, communication self-efficacy, and teaching satisfaction of the two groups of interns were compared between the two groups after 8 weeks of training.Results:After training, the total score of nurse patient communication ability evaluation in the experimental group was (91.41 ± 5.35) points, higher than that in the control group (88.08 ± 7.40) points, there was significant difference ( t=2.24, P<0.05); after training, the communication self-efficacy score of the experimental group was (30.21 ± 4.28) points, higher than that of the control group (27.94 ± 5.09) points, there was significant difference ( t=2.09, P<0.05); the total score of communication practice skills in the experimental group was (173.59 ± 18.48) points, higher than that in the control group (158.44 ± 15.57) points, there was significant difference ( t=3.82, P<0.05); the total score of communication teaching and training satisfaction in the experimental group was (16.77 ± 2.94) points, higher than that in the control group (15.22 ± 1.90) points, and there was significant difference ( t=2.68, P<0.05). Conclusions:The standardized patient teaching based on Calgary Cambridge communication model can effectively improve the practical skills of nurse patient communication of junior college interns, and promote the improvement of their nurse patient communication self-efficacy, which is conducive to the improvement of nurse patient communication ability junior college intern.

Recent insights collectively suggest the important roles of lysyl oxidase (LysOX) in the pathological processes of several acute and chronic neurological diseases, but the molecular regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we explore the regulatory role of LysOX in the seizure-induced ferroptotic cell death of neurons. Mechanistically, LysOX promotes ferroptosis-associated lipid peroxidation in neurons via activating extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)-dependent 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5) signaling. In addition, overexpression of LysOX via adeno-associated viral vector (AAV)-based gene transfer enhances ferroptosis sensitivity and aggravates seizure-induced hippocampal damage. Our studies show that pharmacological inhibition of LysOX with β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) significantly blocks seizure-induced ferroptosis and thereby alleviates neuronal damage, while the BAPN-associated cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity could further be reduced through encapsulation with bioresponsive amorphous calcium carbonate-based nanocarriers. These findings unveil a previously unrecognized LysOX-ERK-Alox5 pathway for ferroptosis regulation during seizure-induced neuronal damage. Suppressing this pathway may yield therapeutic implications for restoring seizure-induced neuronal injury.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound-measured pulsatility index (PI) of central retinal arteries in diagnosing low cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in the patients with traumatic brain injury.Methods:Fifty-five patients who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit due to traumatic brain injury with continuous intracranial pressure monitoring were selected.At 72 h after surgery, continuous incracranial pressure and mean arterial pressure were recorded, and peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity of central retinal arteries were measured by ultrasound.The invasive CPP and PI were calculated.The correlation between PI and CPP was analyzed.The accuracy of central retinal pulse index in diagnosing low CPP was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results:PI was negatively correlated with CPP ( r=-0.655, P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of PI in diagnosing low CPP was 0.863 (95% confidence interval 0.761-0.965), and the threshold value was 0.97, sensitivity 92.3%, and specificity 66.7%. Conclusion:Ultrasound-measured PI is more accurate in diagnosing low CPP in the patients with traumatic brain injury.

Objective ToexploretheMSCTandpathologicalfeaturesofsarcomatoidhepatocellularcarcinoma(SHC)inorderto improvetheaccuracyofpreoperativediagnosis.Methods TheMSCT,clinicalandpathologicaldataofall25caseswithpathologically provenSHCwerereviewedretrospectively.Results (1)TheaveragediameterofSHCwas(64.70±40.15)mm.OnplainCT,thelesions showedround-likehypodensityby89.3% (25/28).Thelesionsshowedcompletelycysticdegenerationby14.3%(4/28),unclear boundaryby85.7% (24/28),andheterogeneousdensityby78.6% (22/28),mainlyrepresentingcysticlowdensity.(2)Oncontrast-enhanced CT,thelesionsshowedheterogeneousenhancementby85.7% (24/28).The marginsandinternalsolidsegmentsofthelesions showedirregularmildtomoderateenhancementonarterialphase,andobviousenhancementonportalanddelayedphasesby28.6%(8/28).57.1% (16/28)ofthelesionsshowedobviousenhancementonarterialphase,andwash-outonportalanddelayedphases.The cysticwallandseptumofthecysticlesions (14.3%,4/28)weremildto moderateenhancementonarterialphase,andobvious enhancementonportalanddelayedphases.32.1% (9/28)ofthelesionsshowedhepaticarterybloodsupply,and17.9% (5/28)ofthe lesionshadpseudocapsulesign.(3)ImmunohistochemistryshowedthatVimentinand CD34 werepositiveexpression,meanwhile CK19,HepatocyteandEMA werepartlypositive.Conclusion SHChascertaincharacteristicssignsatMSCT.Lesionsshowhypo-density masseswithlargevolumeandunclearboundaryintheliverparenchyma,andinhomogeneouslymildtomoderateenhancement.Thediagnosis shouldbeconsideredespeciallywhenthelesionhaslargecysticnecrosis.

Objective To explore the correlation between NF-κB signaling pathways activated by IL-18 in CD4+ T cells and the pathogenesis of PBC.Methods We detected the expression of IL-18 mRNA in PBMCs,IL-18 level in plasma,receptor IL-18R on surface of CD4+ T cell,proliferation rate of CD4+T cell and its NF-κB signaling pathway protein IκBα and NF-κB p65 by qRT-PCR,ELISA,flow cytometry,MACS and Western blot on 32 cases of patients with PBC (PBC group) and 32 healthy people (control group) in Guizhou provincial people′s hospital.Results The level of IL-18 in PBC group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The relative expression of IL-18 mRNA in PBC group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The percentage of CD4+T cells expressing IL-18Rα in PBC group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The proliferation rate of CD4+T cells stimulated by IL-18 in PBC group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (P<0.01).The relative expression levels of NF-κB p65 protein were up-regulated in IL-18,and the expression of IκBα protein in each group was significantly increased,especially in PBC group (P<0.01).Conclusion IL-18 can activate NF-κB signal pathway in CD4+ T cells and participate in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics soft tissue profile in Hunan Han adults with normal occlusion and to explore the differences of the soft tissue profile in gender, region and race. METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs were performed for 323 volunteers (164 females and 159 males) from Hunan Province. The digital cephalometric radiographs were imported into the WinCeph8.0 measurement and analysis system in a same computer. According to the Holdaway analysis method, the mean and standard deviation were calculated. Then the results were compared to the data from Liaoning, Nepalese, Japanese, North American Caucasians. RESULTS: The normal value of cephalometric facial soft tissue profile in Han population adults with normal occlusion in Hunan Province were obtained. There were significant differences in subnasale to H line (Sn-H), upper lip tension, lower lip sulcus depth (Si-PgsLs), and soft tissue chin thickness (Pg-Pgs) between males and females (all P<0.05). Compared with Liaoning Province, significant regional differences in soft tissue facial angle (FH-NsPgs), upper lip sulcus depth (Ss-Ls), Sn-H, lower lip thickness, upper lip thickness, H angle, lower lip to H line (Li-PgsLs), Si-PgsLs, and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the Japan, significant regional differences in FH-NsPgs, nose prominence (Sn-Pn), lower lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs, Si-PgsLs, and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the Nepalese, significant regional differences in Sn-Pn, Ss-Ls, Sn-H, skeletal profile convexity (A-NPs), basic upper lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). Compared with the North America, significant regional differences in Sn-Pn, Ss-Ls, Sn-H, A-NPs, basic upper lip thickness, upper lip tensity, H angle, Li-PgsLs, Si-PgsLs and Pg-Pgs were found in Hunan Province (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION There are both similarities and differences in facial soft tissue profile between males and females with normal occlusion in Hunan Province. The characteristics of facial soft tissue profile in Hunan Province are different from that in Liaoning area, Nepal, Japan and North America.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cephalometry ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Face ; anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Reference Values