Objective To analyze the epidemiologic burden of colorectal cancer in Xishan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2020. Methods Indicators of epidemiologic burden were calculated, including incidence rate, mortality rate, age-specific incidence/mortality rates, potential years of life lost (PYLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) based on the National Disease Control and Prevention Center’s "Cancer Information Registration and Reporting System" and "Cause of Death Registration System". Results From 2018 to 2020, the ASR (China) for the incidence of colorectal cancer in Xishan District, Kunming City increased from 25.27/10⁵ to 26.29/10⁵, while the ASR (China) for mortality decreased from 17.11/10⁵ to 16.03/10⁵. The PYLL in 2018–2020 were 1399.63, 1376.78, and 1571.56 person-years, respectively, whereas the DALY in 2018–2020 were 1927.74, 1875.05, and 1945.17 person-years, respectively. The morbidity, mortality, PYLL, and DALY were generally higher in males than in females over 45 years of age. Conclusion Given the parallel trends of persistent incidence risk and steadily declining mortality for colorectal cancer in Xishan District, Kunming City, a three-tier prevention and control system centered on "lifestyle intervention–regular screening–positive case tracking" should be established, with a focus on covering high-risk populations, particularly males over 45 years of age.

The correspondence between prescription and syndrome is the advantage and characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment.However,the pathogenesis of clinical diseases is complex and the condition is changeable,and the clinical application is difficult to achieve the maximum effect under the existing cognition of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome.In this paper,the five categories of physiological characteristics,pathological characteristics,constitution,syndrome,and disease of the longitudinal classification of"TCM state"are introduced into the correspondence of prescription and syndrome.Under the vertical perspective of"TCM state",the theoretical connotation of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome is interpreted as"correspondence between prescription and state",namely correspondence of"prescription-physiological characteristics",correspondence of"prescription-pathological characteristics",correspondence of"prescription-constitution",correspondence of"prescription-syndrome",and correspondence of"prescription-disease".It is hoped to accurately grasp the corresponding connotation of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome,in order to deepen the clinical thinking mode of TCM.

ObjectiveTo identify the chemical constituents of Ruyi Zhenbaowan in vitro and in vivo. MethodThe chemical constituents of Ruyi Zhenbaowan were identified based on UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. A total of 12 male SD rats were randomized into two groups： control （pure water） and Ruyi Zhenbaowan （1.8 g·kg^-1）. The rats were administrated with the suspension of Ruyi Zhenbaowan or pure water by gavage. After 1.5 h， the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were collected. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column （2.1 mm × 150 mm， 1.7 μm） with a mixture of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A） and acetonitrile （B） as the mobile phase. Gradient elution was carried out according to the procedure of 0~15 min，97%~80%A；15~30 min ，80%~60%A；30~40 min，60%~30%A；40~45 min，30%~5%A. The ion source was electrospray ionization， and scan range was m/z 100-1 500. The prototype components and the components in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed qualitatively by scanning in positive and negative ion modes and identified by comparison with the data in published literature and the information of standard substances. ResultA total of 126 chemical constituents were identified from the 80% methanol solution of Ruyi Zhenbaowan， and 14 and 7 prototype constituents were detected in the plasma and the cerebrospinal fluid， respectively. In addition， the fragmentation rules of apigenin， apigenin-7-O-glucuronide， galangin， liquiritin， piperine， glycyrrhizic acid， eugenol， gallic acid， and cholic acid were deduced. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid multicomponent characterization and identification of Ruyi Zhenbaowan in vitro and in vivo， providing theoretical support for exploring active substances and performing quality control.l.

BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative neurological disorder characterized primarily by cognitive impairment.Acupuncture is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine therapy for treating Alzheimer's disease,but its mechanism is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"on the Notch signaling pathway,β-amyloid protein(Aβ)and synaptic plasticity in 5xFAD mice. METHODS:Sixteen male,6-month-old 5xFAD mice,SPF-grade,were randomly divided into the electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"group(electroacupuncture group)and the model group,with eight mice in each group.Eight SPF-grade,male,6-month-old C57BL/6 mice were used as the wild control(wild)group.The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"intervention,5 times a week for 4 consecutive weeks.The model group and the wild group did not receive electroacupuncture intervention.The Morris water maze was used to preliminarily assess their learning and memory abilities.Thioflavin S staining was performed to detect Aβ plaque deposition.Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)were used to measure the expression levels of transmembrane receptor protein Notch-1,Notch 1 intracellular domain(NICD),hairy and enhancer of split 1(Hes 1),hairy and enhancer of split 5(Hes 5),synaptophysin(SYN),postsynaptic density protein-95(PSD-95),and Aβ. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group,the wild group and the electroacupuncture group showed shortened escape latency,increased platform crossing times,and longer target quadrant dwell time(P<0.05).Compared with the wild group,the model group had significantly increased deposition of Aβ plaques,while electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"inhibited the deposition of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice(P<0.05).Compared with the wild group,the model group had decreased mRNA levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue of mice,and increased mRNA levels of Aβ(P<0.05).Electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"increased the mRNA levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue,and decreased the mRNA level of Aβ(P<0.05).Compared with the Wild group,the model group had decreased protein expression levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue of mice,and increased protein expression levels of Aβ(P<0.05).Electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"upregulated the protein expression levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5,and inhibited the protein expression of Aβ(P<0.05).To conclude,electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"can improve the learning and memory abilities of 5xFAD mice,possibly by inhibiting the deposition of Aβ protein and activating the Notch signaling pathway in the hippocampus to enhance synaptic plasticity.

Objective:To provide references for the vestibular function stability training of military pilots by evaluating the stability of vestibular function of military pilots.Methods:An electric swivel chair was used to train the vestibular function stability of military pilots. According to the order of admission, they were divided into 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old and ≥51 years old group, with 30 pilots in each group. The changes of excellent rate, good rate, qualified rate, unqualified rate and tolerance time of the stability of vestibular function by training were compared among different age groups, and the correlation between age and tolerance time was analyzed.Results:There were significant differences of unqualified rate in pilots aged 31-40 and ≥51 years group before and after training ( χ2=4.32, 4.80, Ρ=0.038, 0.028). The failure rate after training was lower than that before training, with a significant difference ( χ2=13.02, P<0.001). The total tolerance time was higher than that before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=17.61, P<0.001). The stability tolerance time of pilots in different age groups after vestibular function training were increased compared with that before training, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.50, 8.82, 9.48, 13.56, all P<0.001). The stability of vestibular function of military pilots gradually declined with the increase of age, and there was a negative correlation between age and training tolerance time ( r=-0.38, P<0.001). Conclusions:The training of electric swivel chair can improve the vestibular function stability of military pilots, increase the tolerance time, and enhance the tolerance ability of military pilots when vestibular function is stimulated.

Objective:To provide references for the vestibular function stability training of military pilots by evaluating the stability of vestibular function of military pilots.Methods:An electric swivel chair was used to train the vestibular function stability of military pilots. According to the order of admission, they were divided into 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old and ≥51 years old group, with 30 pilots in each group. The changes of excellent rate, good rate, qualified rate, unqualified rate and tolerance time of the stability of vestibular function by training were compared among different age groups, and the correlation between age and tolerance time was analyzed.Results:There were significant differences of unqualified rate in pilots aged 31-40 and ≥51 years group before and after training ( χ2=4.32, 4.80, Ρ=0.038, 0.028). The failure rate after training was lower than that before training, with a significant difference ( χ2=13.02, P<0.001). The total tolerance time was higher than that before training, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=17.61, P<0.001). The stability tolerance time of pilots in different age groups after vestibular function training were increased compared with that before training, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.50, 8.82, 9.48, 13.56, all P<0.001). The stability of vestibular function of military pilots gradually declined with the increase of age, and there was a negative correlation between age and training tolerance time ( r=-0.38, P<0.001). Conclusions:The training of electric swivel chair can improve the vestibular function stability of military pilots, increase the tolerance time, and enhance the tolerance ability of military pilots when vestibular function is stimulated.

Objective To reveal the mechanism of action of AS-Ⅳ on HepG2 cells based on molecular dynamics simulation and experimental evaluation. Methods We constructed a "drug-disease" network pharmacological map, analyzed the core genes of astragaloside Ⅳ (AS-Ⅳ) in HCC, screened key signaling pathways, and established a "drug-target" molecular dynamics model. In vitro assay was used to detect migration, proliferation and invasion abilities. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effect of AS-Ⅳ on the cell cycle and apoptosis, and the expression of core gene of HepG2. Results The core target of AS-Ⅳ acting on HCC was VEGFA. Compared with the control group, the high concentration of AS-Ⅳ significantly inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of HepG2 cells, blocked the metastasis of HepG2 cells from G₁ to G₂ phase, promoted their apoptosis, down-regulated VEGFA expression and up-regulated TGF-β1 expression. Conclusion AS-Ⅳ may inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through multi-target and multi-pathway.

Ganoderma lingzhi is a well-known source of natural fungal medicines which has been given for the treatment of several diseases. China is one of the major commercial producers of Ganoderma mushroom worldwide. However, with the expansion of the commercial cultivation, the occurrence of the fungal diseases on G. lingzhi has also been increased. The green mold disease symptoms were observed in the cultivation base of G. lingzhi in Zuojia Town, Jilin City, Jilin Province, China, causing the basidiomes to be rotten and withered, and the green mycelium layer generated gradually. The pathogenicity tests showed the same symptoms as appeared naturally in Zuojia mushroom base. Morphology characters revealed conidia green, ellipsoid, globose, 2.56–4.83 × 2.09–4.22 μm, length-width ratio was 1.1–1.2 (n = 10). Conidiophores trichoderma-like, often asymmetry, branches solitary, paired or in whorls of 3 phialides formed solitary, paired or in whorl, variable in shape, lageniform, sometimes ampulliform or subulate. While using molecular methodology, comparing with the sequences of Trichoderma hengshanicum from GenBank, the analyzed sequence showed 97.32% homology with the RPB2 sequences, 100% with the TEF1-α sequences. A fungus isolated from the diseased tissues was identified based on morphology and molecular studies as T. hengshanicum. This is the first report of T. hengshanicum causing the green mold disease of G. lingzhi in China.

Objective: To investigate the expression of circular RNA hsa_circ_0128298 in hepatocellular harcinoma (HCC) and evaluate its function in the growth process of HCC. Methods: qPCR was used to detect the expressions of hsa_circ_0128298 in 50 HCC tissues, corresponding paracancerous tissues and HCC cells. The effects of hsa_circ_0128298 on HCC growth was analyzed by CCK-8 kit, flow cytometry and western blot assays. The values of hsa_circ_0128298 for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC were assessed by ROC curve and survival curve analyses. Results: Compared with the paracancerous tissues, the expression of hsa_circ_0128298 was significantly increased in HCC tissues ( U =846.0， P =0.005). The area under ROC curve (AUCROC) was 0.661, 95% confidence interval ( CI ) was 0.560 to 0.753, sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity was 50.0%. HCC patients with high expression of hsa_circ_0128298 displayed less overall survival time than those with low expression of hsa_circ_0128298 ( χ 2=6.294, P =0.012). RNA interference of hsa_circ_0128298 (si-hsa_circ_0128298) significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, and also induced mRNA upregulation and protein expression of cyclin p21. Meanwhile，si-p21 partially reversed the proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest of HCC cells induced by si-hsa_circ_0128298, and restore its growth and proliferation potential. Conclusion The highly expressed hsa_circ_0128298 in HCC could promote the growth of HCC by regulating the expression of p21 and promise to be a new target for diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Objective ToexploretheMSCTandpathologicalfeaturesofsarcomatoidhepatocellularcarcinoma(SHC)inorderto improvetheaccuracyofpreoperativediagnosis.Methods TheMSCT,clinicalandpathologicaldataofall25caseswithpathologically provenSHCwerereviewedretrospectively.Results (1)TheaveragediameterofSHCwas(64.70±40.15)mm.OnplainCT,thelesions showedround-likehypodensityby89.3% (25/28).Thelesionsshowedcompletelycysticdegenerationby14.3%(4/28),unclear boundaryby85.7% (24/28),andheterogeneousdensityby78.6% (22/28),mainlyrepresentingcysticlowdensity.(2)Oncontrast-enhanced CT,thelesionsshowedheterogeneousenhancementby85.7% (24/28).The marginsandinternalsolidsegmentsofthelesions showedirregularmildtomoderateenhancementonarterialphase,andobviousenhancementonportalanddelayedphasesby28.6%(8/28).57.1% (16/28)ofthelesionsshowedobviousenhancementonarterialphase,andwash-outonportalanddelayedphases.The cysticwallandseptumofthecysticlesions (14.3%,4/28)weremildto moderateenhancementonarterialphase,andobvious enhancementonportalanddelayedphases.32.1% (9/28)ofthelesionsshowedhepaticarterybloodsupply,and17.9% (5/28)ofthe lesionshadpseudocapsulesign.(3)ImmunohistochemistryshowedthatVimentinand CD34 werepositiveexpression,meanwhile CK19,HepatocyteandEMA werepartlypositive.Conclusion SHChascertaincharacteristicssignsatMSCT.Lesionsshowhypo-density masseswithlargevolumeandunclearboundaryintheliverparenchyma,andinhomogeneouslymildtomoderateenhancement.Thediagnosis shouldbeconsideredespeciallywhenthelesionhaslargecysticnecrosis.