Hospital-acquired anemia(HAA)refers to the new onset of anemia in patients who were not anemic at the time of admission.It is particularly prevalent among elderly hospitalized patients, especially those in critical care settings.This type of anemia is not directly attributable to the patient's original disease; rather, it arises from a combination of factors encountered during the hospital stay, which can lead to various adverse clinical outcomes.This article reviews the definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, and management of hospital-acquired anemia, aiming to raise awareness and enhance the management skills of healthcare professionals in geriatric care, thereby improving the prognosis for elderly hospitalized patients.

Objective To analyze the changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in patients with essential hypertension，and to explore the effect of blood pressure on OCTA parameters. Methods A total of 164 patients with essential hypertension were selected and divided into controlled blood pressure group (n=92) and uncontrolled blood pressure group (n=72). OCTA examination was performed on the optic disc and macula of all patients, and the right eyes were selected for analysis. Results There were no significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) total vascular density, RPC total small vessel density, perifovea superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vascular density, and perifovea deep capillary plexus (DCP) vascular density between the two groups of patients. There were no significant differences in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ diameter, and fovea retinal thickness between the two groups of patients. The density of the parafovea SCP, parafovea DCP, and fractal dimension (FD) in the uncontrolled blood pressure group were significantly lower than those in the controlled blood pressure group (P＜0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that elevation of blood pressure was a independently related factor of reduced parafovea DCP density (P＝0.026), while there was no correlation between the uncontrolled blood pressure and parafovea SCP density and FD level. Conclusions The blood pressure level is correlated with the parafovea DCP density, while has no correlation with other OCTA parameters in hypertension patients.

Hospital-acquired anemia(HAA)refers to the new onset of anemia in patients who were not anemic at the time of admission.It is particularly prevalent among elderly hospitalized patients, especially those in critical care settings.This type of anemia is not directly attributable to the patient's original disease; rather, it arises from a combination of factors encountered during the hospital stay, which can lead to various adverse clinical outcomes.This article reviews the definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, prevention, and management of hospital-acquired anemia, aiming to raise awareness and enhance the management skills of healthcare professionals in geriatric care, thereby improving the prognosis for elderly hospitalized patients.

Falls are an adverse health outcome in older adults and are strongly associated with their intrinsic capacity.All five dimensions of intrinsic capacity(locomotion, vitality, cognition, sensory function, and psychosocial function)are associated with falls.This article provided a review of the concept, significance, and impact of each dimension of intrinsic capacity on falls, with the aim of providing relevant information for further research and clinical work.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between the blood uric acid/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and diabetes retinopathy (DR) in diabetic and pre-diabetic population.Methods:A cross-sectional study. The data from a health survey from 2010 to 2011 on chronic diseases and risk factors in Changping District in Beijing was used in this study. Total of 2 507 pre-diabetic and diabetic patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened out in this study, included 1 212 men and 1 295 women. The patients were divided into DR group and non-DR (NDR) group according to whether DR was present or not. Independent sample t-test, chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for case-control study to investigate whether there was independent correlation between UHR and DR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic value of UHR for DR. Results:There were gender differences in the relationship between uric acid related indicators and DR, no significant correlation was found in women. In males, the age, duration of diabetes,fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), serum uric acid, UHR levels and the proportion of diabetes and hypertension history in DR group were all significantly higher than those in NDR group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that SUR ( OR=1.054, 95%CI: 1.004-1.106, P=0.033) and UHR ( OR=1.391, 95%CI: 1.061-1.823, P=0.017) were the relative risk factors of DR. After adjusting for age, registered residence, education level, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, waist circumference, hypertension history, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol and other risk factors, UHR was still associated to DR [ OR ( 95%CI): 1.438 (1.084-1.908), P=0.012]. The area under the ROC curve of UHR was 0.610 ( 95%CI: 0.514-0.707, P=0.030). When the cut-off value of UHR for predicting DR was 0.24, the sensitivity and specificity were the highest, which was 78.8% and 58.7%, respectively. Conclusion:UHR is significantly correlated with the risk of DR in men with pre-diabetes and diabetes, but not in women. The risk of DR increases with the elevated level of UHR. UHR is helpful to diagnose DR and screen people with DR risk.

Hospitalization-associated disability(HAD)is defined as a new loss of the ability to complete one or more activities of daily living without assistance developed between hospital admission and discharge.It is commonly seen in hospitalized older adults.There are numerous risk factors for the development of HAD, including general health status, specific diseases, hospital-associated and post-discharge factors.HAD can increase the length of hospitalization and care burden after discharge.It also results in a higher risk for disability and death and increases healthcare costs.In clinical practice, early identification of individuals at high risk of developing HAD is necessary for proactive intervention.This article reviews the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, screening tools, treatment and intervention, in order to promote awareness and management skills of HAD among geriatric care professionals and thus to improve the prognosis of hospitalized elderly patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of narrative nursing in patients with retinal detachment undergoing surgery.Methods:From February 2020 to August 2021, 40 patients with retinal detachment who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Geriatrics and Ophthalmology of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were selected as the research object by the convenient sampling method. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group, 20 cases in each. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing, and the patients in the observation group received narrative nursing on this basis. Before and after the intervention, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) , Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) , Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH) , and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) were used to investigate the two groups of patients. The hospitalization time and complications of the two groups of patients were recorded.Results:At discharge, the SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the GQOLI-74 and MUNSH scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The hospitalization time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . There was no significant difference in the number of cases of postoperative intraocular hypertension between the two groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Narrative nursing can effectively relieve anxiety and depression in patients with retinal detachment surgery, improve patients' well-being and quality of life, and shorten hospitalization time.

Balance impairment significantly correlates with falls in the elderly.The timed up and go test(TUGT)is a common and simple assessment tool to evaluate balance and gait function and widely used to screen for the risk of falls in the elderly.In this review, we explore the following issues on TUGT: the development, the association with computerized dynamic posturography, and the validity and reference value for fall risk prediction.This may further improve the applicability and prediction accuracy of the screening tool for falls in the elderly.

Fall is one of major causes of disability, reduced mobility, shortness of life span and increased medical costs in the elderly.There are multiple risk factors for falls in the elderly, but they can be preventable and controlled.This article reviews the evidences regarding the clinical effectiveness, practicalness and security of these fall risk assessment methods and measures of interventions by evidence-based medicine in the elderly and analyzes their research directions.

The prevalence of hyperuricemia in elderly population aged over 60 years in China ranges from 5.5%-19.3%.With the population ageing, the number of the patients with hyperuricemia can be expected to grow.Whether elderly patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia need active uric acid-lowering therapy is still a debatable entity because of lacking relevant clinical guidelines.In this paper, the metabolic process of uric acid, pathophysiologic mechanism of hyperuricemia, the treatment principle of hyperuricemia in combination with different comorbidities, and specific therapeutic schedules for asymptomatic hyperuricemia as well as drug therapy progress were reviewed as follows.