OBJECTIVE In the context of the era of innovation and entrepreneurship, the training model of pharmaceutical talents is facing challenges. In order to cultivate overall development of pharmaceutical innovative talents, an in-depth research is carried out from multiple perspectives such as education orientation, education mode and education team. METHODS The research systematically analyzed the concept, system, orientation, channels, plan and cooperation of pharmaceutical talent training to build a new cultivation mechanism which adapts to the national strategic adjustments and social situation changes. RESULTS The research summarized the ideas and formulated a model for cultivating innovative application-oriented pharmaceutical talents which was guided by ideological and political education, oriented towards real issues in the industrial, scientific, and clinical sectors. It emphasized multi-chain collaboration, integrating high-quality resources to promote the enhancement of original innovation capabilities. CONCLUSION The research not only provides experience for the training of pharmaceutical innovative talents in the College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhejiang University, but also provides references for the training of pharmaceutical talents in other universities in China.

Objective:To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of Omalizumab for treating pediatric allergic asthma in real world in China.Methods:The clinical data of children aged 6 to 11 years with allergic asthma who received Omalizumab treatment in 17 hospitals in China between July 6, 2018 and September 30, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Such information as the demographic characteristics, allergic history, family history, total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, specific IgE levels, skin prick test, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, eosinophil (EOS) counts, and comorbidities at baseline were collected.Descriptive analysis of the Omalizumab treatment mode was made, and the difference in the first dose, injection frequency and course of treatment between the Omalizumab treatment mode and the mode recommended in the instruction was investigated.Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) analysis was made after Omalizumab treatment.The moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation rate, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose, lung functions were compared before and after Omalizumab treatment.Changes in the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) results from baseline to 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 52 weeks after Omalizumab treatment were studied.The commodity improvement was assessed.The adverse event (AE) and serious adverse event (SAE) were analyzed for the evaluation of Omalizumab treatment safety.The difference in the annual rate of moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation and ICS reduction was investigated by using t test.The significance level was set to 0.05.Other parameters were all subject to descriptive analysis.A total of 200 allergic asthma patients were enrolled, including 75.5% ( n=151) males and 24.5% ( n=49) females.The patients aged (8.20±1.81) years. Results:The median total IgE level of the 200 patients was 513.5 (24.4-11 600.0) IU/mL.Their median treatment time with Omalizumab was 112 (1-666) days.Their first dose of Omalizumab was 300 (150-600) mg.Of the 200 cases, 114 cases (57.0%) followed the first Omalizumab dosage recommended in the instruction.After 4-6 months of Omalizumab treatment, 88.5% of the patients enrolled ( n=117) responded to Omalizumab.After 4 weeks of treatment with Omalizumab, asthma was well-controlled, with an increased C-ACT score [from (22.70±3.70) points to (18.90±3.74) points at baseline]. Four-six months after Omalizumab administration, the annual rate of moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation had a reduction of (2.00±5.68) per patient year( t=4.702 5, P<0.001), the median ICS daily dose was lowered [0 (0-240) μg vs. 160 (50-4 000) μg at baseline] ( P<0.001), the PAQLQ score was improved [(154.90±8.57) points vs. (122.80±27.15) points at baseline], and the forced expiratory volume in one second % predicted (FEV 1%pred) was increased [(92.80±10.50)% vs. (89.70±18.17)% at baseline]. In patients with available evaluations for comorbidities, including allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis or eczema, urticaria, allergic conjunctivitis and sinusitis, 92.8%-100.0% showed improved symptoms.A total of 124 AE were reported in 58 (29.0%) of the 200 patients, and the annual incidence was 0(0-15.1) per patient year.In 53 patients who suffered AE, 44 patients (83.0%) and 9 patients (17.0%) reported mild and moderate AE, respectively.No severe AE were observed in patients.The annual incidence of SAE was 0(0-1.9) per patient year.Most common drug-related AE were abdominal pain (2 patients, 1.0%) and fever (2 patients, 1.0%). No patient withdrew Omalizumab due to AE. Conclusions:Omalizumab shows good effectiveness and safety for the treatment of asthma in children.It can reduce the moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbation rate, reduce the ICS dose, improve asthma control levels, and improve lung functions and quality of life of patients.

Objective:To investigate the perioperative efficacy of robot surgical system assisted anatomic and non-anatomic hepatectomy.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 103 patients who underwent robot surgical system assisted hepatectomy in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with the Zhejiang University School of Medicine from March 2016 to December 2021 were collected. There were 54 males and 49 females, aged 56(range, 44?64)years. Of the 103 patients, 55 cases undergoing robot surgical system assisted anatomic hepatectomy were divided into the anatomic group, and 48 cases undergoing robot surgical system assisted non-anatomic hepatectomy were divided into the non-anatomic group. Observation indicators: (1) propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching; (2) intraoperative conditions; (3) perioperative complications. Propensity score matching was done by the 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were expressed as M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Results:(1) Propensity score matching and compari-son of general data of patients between the two groups after matching. Of the 103 patients, 94 cases were successfully matched, including 47 cases in the anatomic group and 47 cases in the non-anatomic group. The elimination of preoperative body mass index, preoperative platelet and preoperative albumin confounding bias ensured comparability between the two groups after propensity score matching. (2) Intraoperative conditions. After propensity score matching, the operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were 175(range, 120?240)minutes and 50(range, 50?100)mL in patients of the anatomic group, versus 155(range, 105?190)minutes and 100(range, 50?200)mL in patients of the non-anatomic group, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=1.97, 2.49, P<0.05). (3) Perioperative complications. After propensity score matching, cases with pleural fluid and/or ascites, case with biliary fistula, case with thrombosis, case with peritoneal infection, case with incision infection were 11, 1, 2, 4, 1 in patients of the anatomic group, versus 12, 0, 4, 1, 0 in patients of the non-anatomic group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( P>0.05). Cases with complications classified as grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ, grade Ⅳ of the Clavien-Dindo classification were 33, 14, 0, 0 in patients of the anatomic group, versus 28, 14, 3, 2 in patients of the non-anatomic group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=?1.38, P>0.05). Conclusions:Robotic surgical system assisted anatomic and non-anatomic hepatectomy are safe and feasible for clinical application. Compared with robot surgical system assisted non-anatomic hepatectomy, patients under-going robot surgical system assisted anatomic hepatectomy have long operation time and less volume of intraoperative blood loss.

Objective:To summarize the preliminary experience of endoscopically assisted mid-cheek benign tumor resection using a single preauricular or transoral incision and to evaluate its indications, advantages, and disadvantages.Methods:Thirty-six patients with benign mid-cheek tumors were prospectively enrolled, including 11 males and 25 females, aged (37.2± 15.9) years and ranged from 11 to 65 years old. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: endoscope-assisted tumor dissections through a single preauricular incision (preauricular group, 19 cases) or transoral incision (transoral group, 17 cases). Their surgical approaches were introduced, and the tumor long-axis length, incision length, operative time, estimated intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage amount and time, aesthetic satisfaction, perioperative complications, and follow-up were recorded and analyzed.Results:The difference between the tumor long-axis lengths in the preauricular group [(2.2±0.9) cm] and the transoral group [(2.1± 0.7) cm] was not statistically significant ( t=0.46, P=0.687), and all surgical procedures were completed as planned. There was no significant difference in the incision size ( t=1.57, P=0.100) or operative time ( t=0.44, P=0.736). Compared with the preauricular group [(30.8±8.7) ml], transoral group [(23.6±8.9) ml] significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss ( t=2.97, P=0.006) and improved aesthetic pleasure ( t=3.44, P=0.015). Two cases of earlobe numbness and one case of temporary facial palsy were observed in the preauricular group; two cases of postoperative effusion were noted in the transoral group, and no signs of nerve injury were detected. No tumor recurrence was found during the 1-54-month of follow-up. Conclusions:Endoscopic-assisted preauricular or transoral incision for dissecting mid-cheek benign tumors provides excellent aesthetic and minimally invasive results, reducing complications and obtaining satisfactory aesthetic results.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out genetic testing for a Chinese patient with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) and explore its genotype-phenotype correlation. METHODS: Clinical data of the patient was collected. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the patient, his parents and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Genetic variants were detected by using next-generation sequencing using a skin-disease panel through targeted capture and next generation sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. All literature related to genetic testing of XLHED patients in China was searched in the database, and the genotypes and phenotypes of patients in the literature and the correlation between them were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A novel splice site variant c.655_689del was detected in the patient but not among his parents and the 100 unrelated healthy controls. So far 61 variants of the EDA gene have been identified among Chinese patients with XLHED, which suggested certain degree of genotype-phenotype correlation. CONCLUSION A novel c.655_689del variant has been identified in the EDA gene, which has expanded the spectrum of EDA gene variant and facilitated delineation of the genotype-phenotype correlation of XLHED.
Child ; China ; Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic/genetics* ; Ectodysplasins/genetics* ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Humans ; Phenotype

In recent years, the use of fluorescent contrast agents staining to guide surgery has flourished in various fields of surgery under the concept of precision surgery, which is helpful to guide surgery and provide surgeons with actual visible fluorescence imaging.Clinically, fluorescent contrast agent can be used to display tumor’s outline with high recognition degree, guide operation in real time, locate lymph node metastasis, detect small metastases, and identify important anatomical structures during the operation to avoid possible side-injury. Great progress has been made in the study of fluorescent contrast agents that can mediate surgery, including the study and surgical application development of classical fluorescent contrast agents such as indocyanine green and methylene blue, etc, as well as the discovery and clinical application of new targeted fluorescent contrast agents such as folate receptor targeting contrast agents, monoclonal antibody based fluorescent targeting contrast agents and intelligent contrast agents, etc. This paper will review the research and surgical application of fluorescent contrast agents in two aspects: classical fluorescent contrast agents and new targeted fluorescent contrast agents.

Objective To explore the perinatal outcome of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) in women with advanced age.Methods Totally 2 587 women delivered after one or two prior cesarean sections (gestational age≥28 weeks) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from July 2013 to February 2017.909 trial of labor after cesarean(TOLAC) cases of singleton pregnancy with one prior cesarean section were studied retrospectively.According to the age,of the 909 TOLAC cases,237 were the advanced age group,and 672 cases were the low age group.The maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results The percentage of TOLAC in women with advanced age was 32.4％ (237/731),and VBAC rate was 88.2％ (209/237).The percentage of TOLAC in younger women was 36.2％ (672/1 856),and VBAC rate was 82.4％ (554/672).The difference of the TOLAC rate between the two groups was not significant (P＞0.05),and the VBAC rate of the advanced age group was higher than the low age group (P＜0.05).In the comparison of the two groups,the proportion of bachelor degree or above(55.7％,132/ 237),the prepregnancy BMI (22.4±3.0) kg/m2,pregnant interval time (68.5±38.3) months,the proportion of gestational hypertension (8.4％,20/237),the proportion of gestational diabetes(34.6％,82/237) and the rate of the neonatal ICU admission (18.1％,43/237) in the advanced age group were higher than those of the low age group (P＜0.05),respectively.And there were no significant differences in the rate of postpartum hemorrhage,the rate of postpartum hemorrhage≥1 500 ml,the rate of postpartum transfusion,puerperal morbidity,neonatal birth weight,neonatal 5 min Apgar score＜7 score,umbilical artery blood pH＜7.0,neonatal tracheal intubation and respiratory distress syndrome (all P＞0.05).In all TOLAC cases,the rate of uterine rupture was 0.11％(1/909) and there was no maternal and neonatal death.Conclusion VBAC is a safe and feasible way of delivery for singleton pregnancy after one prior cesarean section in women with advanced age.

Ob jective To research the gene expression profile of aura-absence migraine patients before and after acupuncture of Shaoyang meridian acupoints or non-acupoints. Methods Twenty aura-absence migraine patients were randomly divided into meridian acupoint group and non-acupoint group, 10 cases in each group. Gene chip technology was used to investigate the differences of two sets of gene expression profiles, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for the analysis of partial genes to verify the accuracy of gene chip detection results. Results Seventy-two differentially expressed genes were obtained in meridian acupoint group, and 110 differentially expressed genes were obtained in non-acupoint group. The function genes of meridian acupoint group involved brain endorphin enzyme, adenosine triphosphate ( ATP) synthase, etc., which were closely related with the curing of aura-absence migraine. Non-acupoint group had extensive and scattered function genes involving apoptosis, DNA repair, etc., which had less correlation with the curing of aura-absence migraine. ATPAF2, PTGS2, TOR3A genes of meridian acupoint group and ACP2, AURKA, ARHGEF11, CASP8 gene of non-acupoint group presented by RT-PCR analysis had verified the reliability of microarray data. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of meridian acupoints acupuncture for aura-absence migraine has achieved through the multi-gene action at the molecular level, but the corresponding target genes for the placebo effect of non-acupoint acupuncture have not been found , which demonstrates the existence of meridian effect.

Objective To observe the effect of upper limb rehabilitation robot training on unilateral spatial neglect (USN) in stroke patients.Methods 30 stroke patients with USN were divided into control group (n=15) and observation group (n=15). Both 2 groups receivedroutine rehabilitation and USN comprehensive training after vital signs were stable. The observation group received upper limb rehabilitationrobot training additionally. Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and USN were assessed before and 8 weeksafter treatment. Results The scores of FMA and MBI and USN status were significantly improved (P<0.01), and they were better in the observationgroup than in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Upper limb rehabilitation robot training can improve USN patients' upperlimb motor function and activities of daily living, and improve the degree of USN.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of femoral troehanter reconstruction and artificial femoral head replacement in treatment of unstable intertrochanterie fractures in the elderly pa- tients. Methods Femoral trochanter reconstruction and artificial femoral head replacement was done on 106 patients with unstable intertrochanterie fractures. There were 45 males and 61 females, at age range of 80-105 years (average 88 years). Most of patients slipt in the room and got fractured. According to the Evans classification, there were 31 patients with type ⅢA fractures, 45 with type ⅢB and 30 with type IV. We used 4 kinds of methods to reconstruct the fracturad imertrochanters : (1) shape of" ∞ " ten- sion band fixation after intertrochanterie fracture reduction;(2) wire loop fixation of the lesser troehanter around proximal femur;(3)defect within the femoral ealear was filled with bone cement and remodeled; (4) for patients with relative intact base of femoral neck, the intertrochanterie fracture was transformed in- to femoral neck fracture and the femoral ealear was fixed with femoral prosthesis stem. Results All the operations continued successfully, with duration of the operation for 45-70 minutes (average 55 minutes). No artificial femoral head dislocation occurred during hospitalization. Of all, 79 patients were followed up for 6-48 months (average 16 months). No Late loosening, dislocation or infections occurred, with total excellence rate of 87.3%. Conclusions For elderly patient with unstable intertrochanterie fractures, reconstruction of femoral intertrochant and artificial femoral head replacement can restore the proximal femoral anatomy, maintain stability of the hip joint and help early functional exeereise, as can reduce ease fatality rate and improve the quality of life.