BACKGROUND: As an essential part of health services, rehabilitation is of great significance to improve the health and quality of life of the whole population. Accelerating aging calls for a significant expansion of rehabilitation services in China, but rehabilitation needs remain unclear. We conducted the study to explore the rehabilitation needs in China and project the trend of rehabilitation needs from 2020 to 2034. METHODS: The data of health conditions that might potentially benefit from rehabilitation were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the trends of the age-standardized rates. Projections of rehabilitation needs were made until 2034 using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis (BAPC). RESULTS: Approximately 460 million persons (33.3% of the total population) need rehabilitation in China, contributing to 63 million years lived with disabilities (YLDs) in 2019. The number of prevalent cases that need rehabilitation increased from around 268 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257-282) million in 1990 to almost 460 (95% UI: 443-479) million in 2019, representing an increase of 71.3%. The highest contribution to the need for rehabilitation was musculoskeletal disorders with about 322 (95% UI: 302-343) million persons in seven aggregate disease and injury categories, and hearing loss with over 95 (95% UI: 84-107) million people among 25 health conditions. Based on the projection results, there will be almost 636 million people (45% of the total population) needing rehabilitation services in China by 2034, representing an increase of 38.3%. The rehabilitation needs of neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders are expected to increase significantly from 2019 to 2034, with increases of 102.3%, 88.8% and 73.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The need for rehabilitation in China substantially increased over the last 30 years. It is predicted that over two in five people will require rehabilitation by 2034, thus suggesting the need to develop rehabilitation services that meet individuals' rehabilitation needs.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Global Burden of Disease ; Female ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Rehabilitation/trends* ; Quality of Life ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Bayes Theorem

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common and harmful microvascular complications of diabetes. In recent years, it has become a leading cause of end-stage renal disease due to its high incidence rate, challenging control, and poor prognosis. Studies have revealed that patients with diabetic nephropathy often exhibit imbalanced levels of sex hormones such as testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin, and gonadotropin. Conversely, the imbalance of sex hormones can also influence the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, clarifying the potential relationship and interaction between sex hormones and diabetic nephropathy is essential for effective prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. This warrants further research and consideration.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of rehabilitation therapists' work, and analyze the factors related to their career development and transformation. MethodsFrom September, 2022 to January, 2023, 153 rehabilitation therapists in Weifang were investigated with a cross-sectional questionnaire, using general questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Scale for Grassroots Health Technicians, Social Responsibility Scale, Job Role and Identity Inventory, and Employee Turnover Scale. ResultsThe majority of rehabilitation therapists interviewed were male (52.28%), under 35 years old (88.24%), with a bachelor's degree (77.78%), income less than 5 000 yuan a month (46.40%), and less than five years of service (48.36%). The work time was (7.78±0.84) hours a day, (5.39±0.51) days a week. The favorable rate of the physical environment of work was 67.32%, and the favorable rate of the interpersonal relationship environment of work was 80.39%. The score of professional identity was (3.61±0.84), the score of job satisfaction was (3.62±0.97), the score of social responsibility was (3.53±0.79), and the score of turnover was (2.39±1.10). Education level, job satisfaction, and social responsibility were the main factors related to the employee turnover (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe overall educational level of rehabilitation therapists is relatively low, and the human resource structure needs to be optimized. There is a significant difference between academic education and continuing education, and career development needs to be improved. The main factors related to career development and transformation are education level, job satisfaction, and social responsibility.

Objective: To construct an evaluation index system of public health emergency preparedness capacity in county-level centers for disease control and prevention (CDC), so as to provide the evidence for improving the public health emergency preparedness capacity in county-level CDC. Methods: An index system framework was created based on review of health emergency policies, laws and regulations released in China from 2003 to 2023. The importance, sensitivity and accessibility of indicators were scored and screened through two rounds of Delphi expert consultations, and the weights of indicators were calculated using precedence charts. The efficiency of Delphi expert consultations was evaluated using the active coefficient, authority coefficient and coordination coefficient. Results: Eighteen experts participated in consultations, including 9 men, 15 with educational levels of master degree and higher, 12 with preventive medicine or public health as the specialty, and 12 with deputy senior professional titles and higher. The active coefficients of two rounds of consultations were 100.00% and 94.44%, and the authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.84, respectively. The coordination coefficients of secondary and tertiary indicators during the second round consultation were 0.341 and 0.241, which were both higher than those during the first round (both P<0.05). The final evaluation index system included 8 primary indicators, 21 secondary indicators and 58 tertiary indicators. Among primary indicators, health emergency organization and management (0.203 1), health emergency team building (0.203 1) and financial support for health emergency (0.203 1) had the highest weights, and of secondary indicators, completion degree of health emergency administration regulations (initial weight/global weight: 0.750 0/0.152 3), health emergency team building (0.750 0/0.152 3) and financial support for emergency (0.750 0/0.152 3) had the highest weights, while among tertiary indicators, defining the duty of health emergency administration sectors had the highest weight (0.750 0/0.114 2). Conclusion The created evaluation index system is feasible for evaluation of the public health emergency preparedness capacity in county-level CDC.

Objective To explore the application and method of World Health Organization Rehabilitation Competency Framework (RCF) in rehabilitation human resource management, and provide theoretical and practical reference for rehabilitation human resource management.Methods Based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations issued by the International Labour Organization, the application scope of RCF was systematically analyzed. The theoretical framework of rehabilitation human resource management based on RCF was constructed in combination with competency-based human resource management framework. On this basis, taking rehabilitation nurses as an example, the corresponding management methods and paths are proposed from four aspects of human resource management, including career management, recruitment and selection, training and development, and performance appraisal and salary management.Results Based on RCF, the theoretical framework of human resource management for rehabilitation nursing positions was constructed, and the main contents and processes of human resource management based on RCF were clarified from four aspects: recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal and salary management, and career management. Occupational competency of rehabilitation professionals in International Standard Classification of Occupations was analyzed by RCF.Conclusion The rehabilitation competency framework constructed by WHO can be used to supplement the responsibilities of rehabilitation-related professionals in the International Standard Classification of Occupations issued by the International Labour Organization. RCF serves as a tool for practice managers and rehabilitation professionals in identifying selection criteria, learning objectives, and professional title assessment criteria. It can also be used in recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, salary management and career management in the field of rehabilitation human resource management.

Objective To explore the theory and method of performance evaluation for rehabilitation workers based on the World Health Organization Rehabilitation Competency Framework (RCF).Methods Using the theoretical framework and methods of the RCF, we analyzed rehabilitation workers' related competencies from the five dimensions, namely practice, professionalism, learning and development, management and leadership, and research, integrating core values and beliefs, competencies and behaviors, activities and tasks, and knowledge and skills, to construct a comprehensive evaluation method and pathway for rehabilitation workers' performance.Results Based on the RCF, which confirms the job competency requirements for rehabilitation workers, a multi-dimensional, multi-level and standardized performance evaluation index framework was formed. For example, performance evaluation system of physical therapists was consisted of five primary indicators and 26 secondary indicators from the combination of RCF and job standards.Conclusion The rehabilitation worker performance evaluation based on the RCF can evaluate the performance of rehabilitation workers in a scientific, standardized and comprehensive way. It analyzes the performance of rehabilitation workers in a multi-dimensional and systematic manner with the competence of rehabilitation workers as the center, and evaluates the quality and effectiveness of the performance of rehabilitation workers at different levels of proficiency, which makes the performance evaluation of rehabilitation workers more scientific and comprehensive, and enables rehabilitation workers to understand proficiency and clarify the gap, to promote rehabilitation workers to continuously improve their own level and enhance the quality of rehabilitation services.

Objective:To investigate the value of ADC derived from DWI combined with texture analysis derived from T 2WI fat suppressed images in distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Methods:The MRI and DWI images of 94 patients with soft tissue tumors (44 cases with malignant and 50 cases with benign) confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC West District. ADC values of solid components were measured at GE ADW4.6 workstation. The texture features were extracted by manually drawing the ROI on the maximum level of the T 2WI fat suppressed images; the ADC values and texture parameters between the two groups were statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0, and the multivariate logistic regression model were conducted to analyze and calculate the diagnostic performance. Results:ADC value of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors was (1.6±0.3)×10 -3 mm 2/s, (1.2±0.5)×10 -3 mm 2/s, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( t=-5.382, P<0.05). Taking 1.28×10 -3 mm 2/s as the critical value, the area under curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors was 0.783, the sensitivity was 92.00%, and the specificity was 65.91%. Among the texture features, the AUC of frequency size, skewness, Inertia All Direction_offset7, Inverse Difference Moment angle0_offset1, Inverse Difference Moment angle0_offset7 and Haralick Correlation All Direction_offset4_SD distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were 0.825, 0.739, 0.826, 0.816, 0.820 and 0.783, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of the best predictive model distinguishing benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were 0.930, 88.00% and 86.36% respectively using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion:ADC combined with texture analysis is of great value in preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors.

SARS-CoV-2 has caused tens of thousands of infections and more than one thousand deaths. There are currently no registered therapies for treating coronavirus infections. Because of time consuming process of new drug development, drug repositioning may be the only solution to the epidemic of sudden infectious diseases. We systematically analyzed all the proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 genes, compared them with proteins from other coronaviruses, predicted their structures, and built 19 structures that could be done by homology modeling. By performing target-based virtual ligand screening, a total of 21 targets (including two human targets) were screened against compound libraries including ZINC drug database and our own database of natural products. Structure and screening results of important targets such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), Spike, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and papain like protease (PLpro) were discussed in detail. In addition, a database of 78 commonly used anti-viral drugs including those currently on the market and undergoing clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 was constructed. Possible targets of these compounds and potential drugs acting on a certain target were predicted. This study will provide new lead compounds and targets for further and studies of SARS-CoV-2, new insights for those drugs currently ongoing clinical studies, and also possible new strategies for drug repositioning to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.

BACKGROUND:Because human cells for culturing alveolar bone cell line are from alveolar bone, which is in oral cavity,and easily polluted, so laboratory study is often unsuccessful. Because the samples are from adults, so cell division index and the successful rate of culture are low.OBJECTIVE: To compare the biological characteristics of survived cell line established through passage,cryopreservation and revitalization following in vitro culturing the alveolar bone tissue obtained from normal persons and patients with chronic periodontitis accompanied with osteoporosis in aseptic operation; To compare the biological characteristics of two kinds of cells so as to provide theoretical and related experimental evidence for defect, repair and treatment of alveolar bone.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Institute of Orthopaedics,General Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Alveolar bone tissue obtained from normal persons and patients with chronic periodontitis confirmed in clinic was used in aseptic operation.METHODS: Alveolar bone tissue from normal persons and chronic periodontitis accompanied with osteoporosis were cultured in vitro. In the four cell lines (H-171, H-258, 261, 262) cultured primarily, cell lines H-171 and H-258 were chosen from periodonitis patients group and normal group respectively, and stained with histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Cell morphology was observed. Doubling time and division index of two kinds of cells were calculated with cytometry. After several circles of passage, cryopreservation and revitalization, growth and aging rule of cells were compared.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Passage and biological characteristics of two groups of cell lines.RESULTS: ①In the abnormal alveolar bone group, there was one successful primary culture and cells presented short-spindle shape. There were 3 times of cryopreservation and 3 times of revitalization. Its doubling time was 53.4 hours. The average division index was about 4‰. Cells well grew after 20 times of passages. ②In the normal alveolar bone group, there were 26 cases of cell lines cultured primarily, but passage was found in only 3 cases of cell lines due to various causes. There were 10 passages and the cells presented long-spindle shape. After two circles of cryopreservation and revitalization, the survival and growth rate of cells were inferior as compared with cell line H-171.Doubling time was 65.9 hours and the average division index was 3.5‰. ③Both two kinds of cells adhered the wall, with the characteristics of osteoblasts: AKP, toluidine blue, PAS, tetracycline-labeled mineralized nodus, type Ⅰ collagen and BMP-2 immunohistochemical staining all presented positive.CONCLUSION: Both two kinds of cultured cells have the characteristics of osteoblasts. The growth speed of cell line H-171 is faster than that of cell line H-258. No obvious mutation is found in 20 passages. In the 8th generation of H-258,aging appears and growth speed becomes slow.

Objective:To observe the additional effects of Xin Qing-ning Tablets,a representative herb with the effect of activating blood circulation and detoxication(ABCD) consisting of rhubarb extractives,on the serum in ammatory markers and blood lipids in stable coronary heart disease(CHD) patients receiving standardized statins treatment.Methods:Thirty stable CHD patients were randomized to three groups(10 in each group):the control group treated with standardized statins;the ABC and ABCD group,treated with Dan Qi Tablets or Xin Qing-ning Tablets respectively in addition to standardized statins treatment.After one month treatment,the concentrations of high-sensitivity C reaction protein(hs-CRP),Tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in serum,blood lipid and blood-stasis syndrome score(BSSS) of CHD patients before and after treatment were determined.Results:The ABCD group showed superior e ects in reducing the concentration of hs-CRP in serum[a di erence of(6.83?4.99)mg/L]as compared with the control group(1.90?2.15)mg/L and the ABC group(1.49?1.48)mg/L(P