Objective:To explore the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a novel suture instrument for closure of full thickness defects of the gastric wall under gastroscopy.Methods:Ten pigs were used as experimental animals. Perforation model (30 mm in long diameter) was created in the stomach of each pig. The perforations were then closed by the novel suture instrument under gastroscopy. The completion time and efficacy of each perforation repair were recorded. The pigs were euthanized 14 days after the procedure. The healing condition was observed under gastroscopy. A postmortem examination was performed to observe the abdominal infection and healing condition of perforation. Ascites sample was taken for bacterial culture.The stomach biopsy were taken for histopathologic examination.Results:All gastric perforation models in the 10 pigs were established successfully. Endoscopic closure for the stomach perforation was technically successful in all 10 pigs. The procedure time was 34.10±10.32 minutes. All animals survived. Gastroscopy and necropsy showed that the perforation healed well with local adhesion. One pig developed abdominal infection. Ascites culture were negative in 9 cases, 1 bacterial infection was caused by Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Escherichiacoli. The pathology results showed that the muscular layer of the gastric wall defect in the entire group was well repaired. Conclusion:The novel suture instrument is safe and effective in repairing full-thickness gastric wall defects under ordinary single clamp gastroscopy, providing an experimental basis for further clinical research.

Objective To explore the potential categories of frailty development trajectories in patients undergoing cardiac surgery from pre-operation to 6 months post-operation,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods By a longitudinal study design,patients undergoing elective heart valve replacement surgery or coronary artery bypass grafting in a tertiary general hospital in Zunyi City from August 2022 to June 2023 were selected by the convenience sampling method.Tilburg frailty scale was used to investigate the frailty level of cardiac surgery patients 1 day before surgery(T0),1 month(T1),3 months(T2)and 6 months after surgery(T3).The growth mixture model was used to identify the trajectory categories,and the influencing factors of different frailty trajectories were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results 261 patients were enrolled at T0,with 22,9,and 3 patients lost at T1 to T3,and 227 patients were finally included in the analysis.There were 2 types of trajectories being identified as the low frailty decline group and the high frailty maintenance group.Age,use of sedative and analgesic drugs,pace,and depression were the factors influencing the frailty in cardiac surgery patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion There are 2 kinds of frailty development trajectories in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Medical staff should fonnulate precise interventions and nursing measures according to the factors influencing frailty,so as to improve frailty degree and quality of life of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective To explore the potential categories of frailty development trajectories in patients undergoing cardiac surgery from pre-operation to 6 months post-operation,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods By a longitudinal study design,patients undergoing elective heart valve replacement surgery or coronary artery bypass grafting in a tertiary general hospital in Zunyi City from August 2022 to June 2023 were selected by the convenience sampling method.Tilburg frailty scale was used to investigate the frailty level of cardiac surgery patients 1 day before surgery(T0),1 month(T1),3 months(T2)and 6 months after surgery(T3).The growth mixture model was used to identify the trajectory categories,and the influencing factors of different frailty trajectories were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results 261 patients were enrolled at T0,with 22,9,and 3 patients lost at T1 to T3,and 227 patients were finally included in the analysis.There were 2 types of trajectories being identified as the low frailty decline group and the high frailty maintenance group.Age,use of sedative and analgesic drugs,pace,and depression were the factors influencing the frailty in cardiac surgery patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion There are 2 kinds of frailty development trajectories in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Medical staff should fonnulate precise interventions and nursing measures according to the factors influencing frailty,so as to improve frailty degree and quality of life of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective:To explore the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a novel suture instrument for closure of full thickness defects of the gastric wall under gastroscopy.Methods:Ten pigs were used as experimental animals. Perforation model (30 mm in long diameter) was created in the stomach of each pig. The perforations were then closed by the novel suture instrument under gastroscopy. The completion time and efficacy of each perforation repair were recorded. The pigs were euthanized 14 days after the procedure. The healing condition was observed under gastroscopy. A postmortem examination was performed to observe the abdominal infection and healing condition of perforation. Ascites sample was taken for bacterial culture.The stomach biopsy were taken for histopathologic examination.Results:All gastric perforation models in the 10 pigs were established successfully. Endoscopic closure for the stomach perforation was technically successful in all 10 pigs. The procedure time was 34.10±10.32 minutes. All animals survived. Gastroscopy and necropsy showed that the perforation healed well with local adhesion. One pig developed abdominal infection. Ascites culture were negative in 9 cases, 1 bacterial infection was caused by Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Escherichiacoli. The pathology results showed that the muscular layer of the gastric wall defect in the entire group was well repaired. Conclusion:The novel suture instrument is safe and effective in repairing full-thickness gastric wall defects under ordinary single clamp gastroscopy, providing an experimental basis for further clinical research.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of emotional intelligence among postgraduates, so as to provide the evidence for promoting the mental health of postgraduates. Methods: The postgraduates from higher education institutions in Guizhou Province were selected using stratified cluster sampling method from November to December 2023. Demographic information such as gender, college, professional discipline and monthly family income were collected using questionnaire surveys. Stress perception was investigated using the Chinese version of the Stress Perception Scale. Emotional intelligence was investigated using the Chinese version of the Emotional Intelligence Scale. The influencing factors for emotional intelligence were analyzed using a multiple linear regression model. Results: Totally 728 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.42%. There were 262 males (35.99%) and 466 females (64.01%). The mean score of emotional intelligence was (77.98±15.71) points, the mean score of emotional assessment was (20.57±4.50) points, the mean score of emotional regulation was (18.63±5.22) points, the mean score of emotional using was (18.90±4.87) points, and the mean score of emotional recognition was (19.89±4.73) points. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that professional discipline (economics and law, β'=0.108), monthly family income (3 000-5 000 yuan, β'=0.091; >5 000 yuan, β'=0.086) and stress perception (β'=-0.515) were associated with emotional intelligence among postgraduates. Conclusion The emotional intelligence among postgraduates was influenced by professional discipline, monthly family income and stress perception.

Objective To investigate the current situation and existing problems regarding the diagnosis and treatment integrating traditional Chinese and western medicine in the emergency departments of various general hospitals in China to provide a reference for the development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine emergency medicine. Methods From November 18,2022 to February 28,2023,an online questionnaire survey was conducted among 291 hospitals in 21 provinces/municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country,which was based on the members of the Emergency Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. The questionnaire covered 5 aspects:basic information of hospitals and emergency departments,personnel allocation,medical quality management,equipment allocation,and traditional Chinese medicine techniques and skills (including the application of traditional Chinese medicine and non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine). A comparative study was carried out between the "hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine" and "western medicine hospitals" on the current situation of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine diagnosis and treatment in the emergency department. Results A total of 291 valid questionnaires were collected,covering 291 hospitals in 21 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country. Among them,142 were hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,and 149 were western medicine hospitals. The number of doctors in the emergency departments of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were significantly less than that of western medicine hospitals[individuals:11.00 (7.00,18.75) vs. 20.00 (13.00,31.00),P<0.01]. Specifically,the numbers of traditional Chinese medicine doctors,integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine doctors,and "western medicine doctors learning traditional Chinese medicine" in these hospitals were significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals[individuals:4.00 (2.00,9.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),1.00 (0.00,4.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),2.00 (0.00,5.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),all P<0.01],while the number of western medicine doctors was significantly less than that in western medicine hospitals[individuals:4.00 (1.00,7.50) vs. 25.50 (16.00,37.00),P<0.01]. The number of nurses in the emergency departments of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese was significantly less than that of western medicine hospitals[individuals:23.00 (16.00,38.75) vs. 42.00 (30.00,80.00),P<0.01]. The numbers of traditional Chinese medicine nurses,"western medicine nurses learning traditional Chinese medicine" in these hospitals were also significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals[individuals:1.50 (0.00,5.75) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),1.00 (0.00,7.75) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),all P<0.01],while the number of western medicine nurses was significantly less than that in western medicine hospitals[individuals:15.00 (9.00,25.00) vs. 42.00 (27.00,79.00),P<0.01]. In the situation of medical quality management,the setting rates of emergency clinics,resuscitation rooms and observation rooms in western medicine hospitals were close to those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,but the setting rates of emergency department wards and emergency intensive care units (EICU) and the number of beds were significantly higher than those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine[setting rate of emergency department wards:70.47％ vs. 53.52％,setting rate of EICU:67.11％ vs. 47.89％,number of beds (individuals):18.00 (0.00,30.00) vs. 2.00 (0.00,12.00) and 8.00 (0.00,12.00) vs. 0.50 (0.00,7.00),all P<0.01]. In terms of the number of visits in 2022,the annual total number of emergency visits (10000 person-times) in western medicine hospitals:6.60 (3.38,12.00) vs. 4.00 (1.25,7.00),the number of visits to the resuscitation room (10000 person-times):0.40 (0.12,1.00) vs. 0.17 (0.05,0.50) and the annual discharge volume of EICU (number of case):216.00 (0.00,550.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,187.50) were all higher than those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (all P<0.01). In addition,the success rate of rescue in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was similar to that in western medicine hospitals,and the participation rate of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of the resuscitation room was significantly higher than that in western medicine hospitals (P<0.01). In the situation of equipment allocation,hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine had fewer numbers of equipment than western medicine hospitals (all P<0.01). The proportion of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine equipped with non-drug treatment equipment of traditional Chinese medicine was significantly higher than that of western medicine hospitals (all P<0.01). In the application of traditional Chinese medicine techniques and skills,the proportions of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in using Chinese patent medicines,agreed prescriptions,syndrome differentiation and treatment prescriptions,etc. were all higher than those of western medicine hospitals (application rate of Chinese patent medicines:81.69％ vs. 61.74％,application rate of agreed prescriptions:61.97％ vs. 16.78％,application rate of syndrome differentiation and treatment prescriptions:61.27％ vs. 19.46％,all P<0.01). The application rates of decoction pieces,non-decoction agreed with prescriptions,injections,hospital preparations and other dosage forms in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were all significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of decoction pieces:29.58％ vs. 4.70％,the application rate of non-decoction agreed prescriptions:40.85％ vs. 7.38％,application rate of injections:80.28％ vs. 53.02％,application rate of hospital preparations:33.80％ vs. 12.75％,all P<0.01). The application proportions of oral administration,nasal feeding,enema,gastric lavage,external use,intravenous injection,etc. in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were all higher than those in western medicine hospitals (oral application rate:71.13％ vs. 42.28％,nasal feeding application rate:47.18％ vs. 26.17％,enema application rate:48.59％ vs. 19.46％,gastric lavage application rate:21.13％ vs. 6.04％,external use application rate:53.52％ vs. 16.78％,intravenous injection application rate:71.83％ vs. 54.36％,all P<0.01). The application proportions of some drugs such as Shenmai/Shengmai injection,Tianma injection in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of Shenmai/Shengmai injection:59.15％ vs. 35.57％,application rate of Tianma injection:40.85％ vs. 10.07％,application rate of Danshen Honghua injection:30.99％ vs. 14.77％,application rate of Angong Niuhuang pill:26.76％ vs. 12.08％,P<0.01). The proportions of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in carrying out traditional Chinese medicine non-drug treatment operations such as acupuncture,acupoint application,cupping,scraping,bone-setting,moxibustion,press needles,collateral pricking method,etc. were higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of acupuncture:65.49％ vs. 11.41％,application rate of acupoint application:60.56％ vs. 10.07％,application rate of cupping:32.39％ vs. 4.70％,application rate of scraping:28.17％ vs. 2.01％,application rate of bone-setting:26.76％ vs. 10.74％,application rate of moxibustion:24.65％ vs. 5.37％,application rate of press needles:17.61％ vs. 1.34％,application rate of collateral pricking method:16.90％ vs. 0.67％,all P<0.01). Conclusion The proportion of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine personnel in the emergency departments of hospitals in China is relatively low,and the utilization rate and equipment rate of non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine emergency drugs are not high. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine skills of emergency department doctors and the application of non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine emergency drugs to improve the ability of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine emergency treatment.

Objective To investigate the current situation and existing problems regarding the diagnosis and treatment integrating traditional Chinese and western medicine in the emergency departments of various general hospitals in China to provide a reference for the development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine emergency medicine. Methods From November 18,2022 to February 28,2023,an online questionnaire survey was conducted among 291 hospitals in 21 provinces/municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country,which was based on the members of the Emergency Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. The questionnaire covered 5 aspects:basic information of hospitals and emergency departments,personnel allocation,medical quality management,equipment allocation,and traditional Chinese medicine techniques and skills (including the application of traditional Chinese medicine and non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine). A comparative study was carried out between the "hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine" and "western medicine hospitals" on the current situation of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine diagnosis and treatment in the emergency department. Results A total of 291 valid questionnaires were collected,covering 291 hospitals in 21 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country. Among them,142 were hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,and 149 were western medicine hospitals. The number of doctors in the emergency departments of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were significantly less than that of western medicine hospitals[individuals:11.00 (7.00,18.75) vs. 20.00 (13.00,31.00),P<0.01]. Specifically,the numbers of traditional Chinese medicine doctors,integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine doctors,and "western medicine doctors learning traditional Chinese medicine" in these hospitals were significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals[individuals:4.00 (2.00,9.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),1.00 (0.00,4.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),2.00 (0.00,5.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),all P<0.01],while the number of western medicine doctors was significantly less than that in western medicine hospitals[individuals:4.00 (1.00,7.50) vs. 25.50 (16.00,37.00),P<0.01]. The number of nurses in the emergency departments of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese was significantly less than that of western medicine hospitals[individuals:23.00 (16.00,38.75) vs. 42.00 (30.00,80.00),P<0.01]. The numbers of traditional Chinese medicine nurses,"western medicine nurses learning traditional Chinese medicine" in these hospitals were also significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals[individuals:1.50 (0.00,5.75) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),1.00 (0.00,7.75) vs. 0.00 (0.00,0.00),all P<0.01],while the number of western medicine nurses was significantly less than that in western medicine hospitals[individuals:15.00 (9.00,25.00) vs. 42.00 (27.00,79.00),P<0.01]. In the situation of medical quality management,the setting rates of emergency clinics,resuscitation rooms and observation rooms in western medicine hospitals were close to those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,but the setting rates of emergency department wards and emergency intensive care units (EICU) and the number of beds were significantly higher than those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine[setting rate of emergency department wards:70.47％ vs. 53.52％,setting rate of EICU:67.11％ vs. 47.89％,number of beds (individuals):18.00 (0.00,30.00) vs. 2.00 (0.00,12.00) and 8.00 (0.00,12.00) vs. 0.50 (0.00,7.00),all P<0.01]. In terms of the number of visits in 2022,the annual total number of emergency visits (10000 person-times) in western medicine hospitals:6.60 (3.38,12.00) vs. 4.00 (1.25,7.00),the number of visits to the resuscitation room (10000 person-times):0.40 (0.12,1.00) vs. 0.17 (0.05,0.50) and the annual discharge volume of EICU (number of case):216.00 (0.00,550.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00,187.50) were all higher than those in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (all P<0.01). In addition,the success rate of rescue in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was similar to that in western medicine hospitals,and the participation rate of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of the resuscitation room was significantly higher than that in western medicine hospitals (P<0.01). In the situation of equipment allocation,hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine had fewer numbers of equipment than western medicine hospitals (all P<0.01). The proportion of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine equipped with non-drug treatment equipment of traditional Chinese medicine was significantly higher than that of western medicine hospitals (all P<0.01). In the application of traditional Chinese medicine techniques and skills,the proportions of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in using Chinese patent medicines,agreed prescriptions,syndrome differentiation and treatment prescriptions,etc. were all higher than those of western medicine hospitals (application rate of Chinese patent medicines:81.69％ vs. 61.74％,application rate of agreed prescriptions:61.97％ vs. 16.78％,application rate of syndrome differentiation and treatment prescriptions:61.27％ vs. 19.46％,all P<0.01). The application rates of decoction pieces,non-decoction agreed with prescriptions,injections,hospital preparations and other dosage forms in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were all significantly higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of decoction pieces:29.58％ vs. 4.70％,the application rate of non-decoction agreed prescriptions:40.85％ vs. 7.38％,application rate of injections:80.28％ vs. 53.02％,application rate of hospital preparations:33.80％ vs. 12.75％,all P<0.01). The application proportions of oral administration,nasal feeding,enema,gastric lavage,external use,intravenous injection,etc. in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were all higher than those in western medicine hospitals (oral application rate:71.13％ vs. 42.28％,nasal feeding application rate:47.18％ vs. 26.17％,enema application rate:48.59％ vs. 19.46％,gastric lavage application rate:21.13％ vs. 6.04％,external use application rate:53.52％ vs. 16.78％,intravenous injection application rate:71.83％ vs. 54.36％,all P<0.01). The application proportions of some drugs such as Shenmai/Shengmai injection,Tianma injection in hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of Shenmai/Shengmai injection:59.15％ vs. 35.57％,application rate of Tianma injection:40.85％ vs. 10.07％,application rate of Danshen Honghua injection:30.99％ vs. 14.77％,application rate of Angong Niuhuang pill:26.76％ vs. 12.08％,P<0.01). The proportions of hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in carrying out traditional Chinese medicine non-drug treatment operations such as acupuncture,acupoint application,cupping,scraping,bone-setting,moxibustion,press needles,collateral pricking method,etc. were higher than those in western medicine hospitals (application rate of acupuncture:65.49％ vs. 11.41％,application rate of acupoint application:60.56％ vs. 10.07％,application rate of cupping:32.39％ vs. 4.70％,application rate of scraping:28.17％ vs. 2.01％,application rate of bone-setting:26.76％ vs. 10.74％,application rate of moxibustion:24.65％ vs. 5.37％,application rate of press needles:17.61％ vs. 1.34％,application rate of collateral pricking method:16.90％ vs. 0.67％,all P<0.01). Conclusion The proportion of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine personnel in the emergency departments of hospitals in China is relatively low,and the utilization rate and equipment rate of non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine emergency drugs are not high. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine skills of emergency department doctors and the application of non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine emergency drugs to improve the ability of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine emergency treatment.

Reperfusion injury occurs after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with cardiac arrest (CA), which leads to multiple organ dysfunction, called post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). PCAS is closely related to the prognosis of CA patients, and is an independent risk factor of survival. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment is critical for improving prognosis of PCAS. In order to guide and standardize integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment in PCAS among clinicians, nurses and research personnel in China, the Emergency Medicine Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine has established an expert group to determine 14 clinical issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of PCAS with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine through clinical survey. The working group formulates a search strategy for each clinical issue according to the PICO principle. Chinese and English literature were searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The grade of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) were used to form the level of evidence and recommendation. When the literature evidence was insufficient, the recommendations and level of recommendation were formed after expert discussion. Combined with the aspects of generalizability, suitability, and resource utilization, the expert consensus developed 28 recommendations around the 14 aspects of three stages of PCAS, including early circulation, respiratory support and reversible cause relief, mid-term neuroprotection, improvement of coagulation, prevention and treatment of infection, kidney and gastrointestinal protection and blood sugar control, post rehabilitation treatment, providing references for the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine of the diagnosis and treatment for PCAS.

Dysfunction of the Hippo pathway enables cells to evade contact inhibition and provides advantages for cancerous overgrowth. However, for a significant portion of human cancer, how Hippo signaling is perturbed remains unknown. To answer this question, we performed a genome-wide screening for genes that affect the Hippo pathway in Drosophila and cross-referenced the hit genes with human cancer genome. In our screen, Prosap was identified as a novel regulator of the Hippo pathway that potently affects tissue growth. Interestingly, a mammalian homolog of Prosap, SHANK2, is the most frequently amplified gene on 11q13, a major tumor amplicon in human cancer. Gene amplification profile in this 11q13 amplicon clearly indicates selective pressure for SHANK2 amplification. More importantly, across the human cancer genome, SHANK2 is the most frequently amplified gene that is not located within the Myc amplicon. Further studies in multiple human cell lines confirmed that SHANK2 overexpression causes deregulation of Hippo signaling through competitive binding for a LATS1 activator, and as a potential oncogene, SHANK2 promotes cellular transformation and tumor formation in vivo. In cancer cell lines with deregulated Hippo pathway, depletion of SHANK2 restores Hippo signaling and ceases cellular proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that SHANK2 is an evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway regulator, commonly amplified in human cancer and potently promotes cancer. Our study for the first time illustrated oncogenic function of SHANK2, one of the most frequently amplified gene in human cancer. Furthermore, given that in normal adult tissues, SHANK2's expression is largely restricted to the nervous system, SHANK2 may represent an interesting target for anticancer therapy.

Objective? To explore the professional training will and needs of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province and to provide reference for completing the training program for caregivers for the elderly, clarifying the content of training and making relevant policies. Methods? Totally 1 390 caregivers for the elderly from 143 nursing homes in Shaanxi province were selected by convenient sampling from January to September 2017 and investigated with the self-made questionnaire for their will and needs of professional training. χ2 test was used to identify the influencing factors to the caregivers' will of professional training, and the statistically significant variables were included into the Logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors to professional training of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province. Results?(1) Professional training will:1 085 caregivers (78.1%) were willing to participate in professional training, while 305 caregivers (21.9%) were not willing to do so. Logistic regression analysis showed that educational background, marital status, needs for professional knowledge, certificate of caregivers, effects of previous training and economic income were the influencing factors to the professional training will of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province (P＜0.05). (2) Professional training needs: the form of training was mainly short-term training (48.4%), and the cost of training was mostly free of charge or borne by their institutions (68.7%). Their desired form of training was graded training (64.3%), and the content of training focused primarily on daily life care (83.7%) and basic care (82.2%). Conclusions? The proportion of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province who are willing to receive professional training is high. Targeted graded professional training should be provided according to different situations of caregivers so as to improve the service of care for the elderly. The government or nursing homes are advised to provide part-time and short-term professional training which focuses primarily on daily life care and psychological care, complete training plans and meet social needs, without increasing economic burden on caregivers for the elderly.