Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Under the new situation of establishing the new standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials in the 2025 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and promulgating the appendix on pharmaceutical packaging ma-terials in the Good Manufacturing Practice for Drugs,it is urgently necessary to introduce relevant standards for quality agreements on pharmaceutical packaging materials.This article focuses on analyzing the development of group standards for pharmaceutical packaging materials under the new situation,the role and significance of quality agreements for pharmaceutical packaging materials,as well as the interpretation of key parts of the"Guidelines for the Management of Quality Agreements for Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials",in order to help enterprises quick-ly shift from the original"standard-only"approach to strengthening the quality management of the entire product life cycle through quality agreements.

Under the new situation of establishing the new standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials in the 2025 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and promulgating the appendix on pharmaceutical packaging ma-terials in the Good Manufacturing Practice for Drugs,it is urgently necessary to introduce relevant standards for quality agreements on pharmaceutical packaging materials.This article focuses on analyzing the development of group standards for pharmaceutical packaging materials under the new situation,the role and significance of quality agreements for pharmaceutical packaging materials,as well as the interpretation of key parts of the"Guidelines for the Management of Quality Agreements for Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials",in order to help enterprises quick-ly shift from the original"standard-only"approach to strengthening the quality management of the entire product life cycle through quality agreements.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the seroepidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among adolescents aged 0-14 years in Henan Province and to evaluate the effectiveness of the childhood hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) immunization program.Methods:From September 2021 to March 2022, a total of 4 883 adolescents aged 0-14 years were selected from 25 villages or communities of 18 provincial-level cities in Henan Province by using the multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Demographic data were collected through questionnaires. The 3 ml of blood samples were collected from individuals aged 0-4 years and 5 ml of blood samples were collected from individuals aged 5-14 years to test HBsAg, HBcAb and HBsAb. Data on vaccination were collected through Henan Provincial Immunization Information System and hepatitis B cases in Henan Province were collected through China Infectious Disease Reporting System. The effectiveness of the childhood HepB immunization program was analyzed.Results:The average age of 4 883 subjects was (7.32±2.81) years old. The positive rates of HBsAg and HBcAb were 0.1% (7/4 883) and 1.0% (50/4 883), and the population standardized rates were 0.3% and 1.7%. In 2002, the positive rate of HBsAg among adolescents aged 0-14 years in Henan Province was 3.39%. Compared with that in 2002, the number of chronic HBV infections among adolescents in Henan Province in 2022 decreased by about 0.7 million. In 2002, the vaccination rate of newborns who completed all three doses of vaccine was 6.26%. In 2003, the vaccination rate of the hepatitis B vaccine rose rapidly, reaching 90% in 2013 for the first time. After 2014, the vaccination rate in Henan Province continued to remain above 95%. The proportion of cases among children aged 1-4 years in clinical reports decreased from 0.43% (1 108/256 566) in 2006 to 0.01% (78/80 655) in 2021. The proportion of cases among adolescents aged 5-19 years decreased from 18.21% (46 710/256 566) in 2006 to 1.1% (827/80 655) in 2021.Conclusions:From 2002 to 2022, the positive rate of HBsAg among adolescents aged 0-14 years has decreased significantly in Henan Province. The effectiveness of the HepB immunization program for children is good.

Objective:To analyze the seroepidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among adolescents aged 0-14 years in Henan Province and to evaluate the effectiveness of the childhood hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) immunization program.Methods:From September 2021 to March 2022, a total of 4 883 adolescents aged 0-14 years were selected from 25 villages or communities of 18 provincial-level cities in Henan Province by using the multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Demographic data were collected through questionnaires. The 3 ml of blood samples were collected from individuals aged 0-4 years and 5 ml of blood samples were collected from individuals aged 5-14 years to test HBsAg, HBcAb and HBsAb. Data on vaccination were collected through Henan Provincial Immunization Information System and hepatitis B cases in Henan Province were collected through China Infectious Disease Reporting System. The effectiveness of the childhood HepB immunization program was analyzed.Results:The average age of 4 883 subjects was (7.32±2.81) years old. The positive rates of HBsAg and HBcAb were 0.1% (7/4 883) and 1.0% (50/4 883), and the population standardized rates were 0.3% and 1.7%. In 2002, the positive rate of HBsAg among adolescents aged 0-14 years in Henan Province was 3.39%. Compared with that in 2002, the number of chronic HBV infections among adolescents in Henan Province in 2022 decreased by about 0.7 million. In 2002, the vaccination rate of newborns who completed all three doses of vaccine was 6.26%. In 2003, the vaccination rate of the hepatitis B vaccine rose rapidly, reaching 90% in 2013 for the first time. After 2014, the vaccination rate in Henan Province continued to remain above 95%. The proportion of cases among children aged 1-4 years in clinical reports decreased from 0.43% (1 108/256 566) in 2006 to 0.01% (78/80 655) in 2021. The proportion of cases among adolescents aged 5-19 years decreased from 18.21% (46 710/256 566) in 2006 to 1.1% (827/80 655) in 2021.Conclusions:From 2002 to 2022, the positive rate of HBsAg among adolescents aged 0-14 years has decreased significantly in Henan Province. The effectiveness of the HepB immunization program for children is good.

The relationship between pyroptosis and immune microenvironment and disease has received increasing attention. Pyroptosis plays a dual role in anti-tumor immunotherapy by promoting the release of inflammatory factors, forming the tumor microenvironment and suppressing tumour immunity on the one hand, and inducing the tumour inflammatory response to inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells on the other hand. The relationship between pyroptosis, immune microenvironment and tumors is different in different tissues and genetic backgrounds. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and the regulatory role of tumor immune microenvironment in hematologic malignancies, with a view to providing ideas for the anti-hematologic malignancies treatment and research based on the target of pyroptosis-regulated immune microenvironment.

Objective:To analyze the detection strategy and basic detection situation of markers of infectious diseases transmitted by transfusion in blood testing laboratories of blood stations in China.Methods:Based on the data of practice comparison working party of Blood Stations in Mainland of China from 2017 to 2021, the data on the testing strategies and the basic detection information of the markers for the transmission of infectious diseases through transfusion in the member laboratories of the practice comparison working party of Blood Stations in Mainland of China from 2017 to 2021 were collected, and the situation of the selection for testing markers, testing strategy and the testing method and other relevant aspects were sorted out and analyzed by charts.Results:The selection of the testing markers was consistent, but HTLV testing item was added in some member laboratories. The detection strategy of using two ELISA reagents and one nucleic acid testing (NAT) reagent simultaneously was adopted in 47 member blood stations; 3) NAT method was dominated by mini pool-NAT in member laboratories. The number of members adopting mini-pools of 8 (MP8)-NAT decreased from 17 in 2017 to 14 in 2021, while the number of members adopting mini-pools of 6 (MP6)-NAT increased from 13 in 2017 to 22 in 2021; Roche NAT system accounted for the largest proportion.Conclusions:In order to ensure blood safety and avoid missing detection, the blood stations still adopt the detection strategy of using two ELISA reagents and one nucleic acid testing (NAT) reagent simultaneously; Meanwhile, in order to increase the NAT positive rate, the proportion of mini pool-NAT mainly decreased year by year despite its dominating role, while the proportion of individual donation-NAT increased year by year; NAT method is transiting from mini-pools of 8 (MP8) to mini-pools of 6 (MP6); The proportion of imported NAT system used in NAT laboratory is relatively large.

Objective:To explore the event impact in patients with traumatic fractures and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From June 2020 to June 2021, 190 patients with traumatic fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Gansu Provincial Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method as the research object. The General Information Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-Chinese (IES-C) , Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used for investigation. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of event impact in patients with traumatic fractures.Results:A total of 190 questionnaires were distributed, and 177 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 93.2%. Among 177 trauma fracture patients, the total score of the IES-C was (28.33±16.92) , including (13.90±8.51) in the dimension of experience reproduction and (14.10±8.52) in the dimension of avoidance response. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that trauma causes, gender, general self-efficacy, psychological resilience were the influencing factors of event impact of patients with traumatic fractures ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The event impact of patients with traumatic fractures is at a mild level, and the patient 's gender, general self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and the cause of trauma are important factors that affect the event impact of patients. Clinical medical and nursing staff should timely assess the psychological trauma of patients after trauma, and take individualized psychological intervention according to the influencing factors to reduce the psychological trauma of patients.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Methods:The data of clinical features, treatment and prognosis of children diagnosed with erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jane 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and related literature was summarized.Results:All the 3 patients suffered from fever, cutaneous and mucous membrane lesions.Cutaneous lesions were manifested as exudative erythema multiforme, and the mucous membranes involved included oral mucosa, ocular conjunctiva and genital mucosa.The symptoms in all 3 cases were alleviated after the treatment with glucocor-ticoid, high doses of gamma globulin, anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae and symptomatic support.Two children suffered secondary infection during treatment and improved with anti-infection.Neither patients had sequelae during the follow-up.Conclusions:Mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause erythema multiforme in children, but it is always misdiagnosed due to its clinical rarity.The mechanism of erythema multiforme caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is not clear.Early administration of glucocorticoid and high doses of gamma globulin, anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae and symptomatic support often lead to a good prognosis.