ObjectiveTo decipher the mechanism by which Zuoguiwan （ZGW） treat hyperthyroidism in rats with kidney-Yin deficiency based on the dopamine receptor D4 （DRD4）/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH） oxidase 4 （NOX4） signaling pathway. MethodsThe rat model of kidney-Yin deficiency was induced by unilateral intramuscular injection of dexamethasone （0.35 mg·kg^-1）. After successful modeling， the rats were randomized into model， methimazole （positive control， 5 mg·kg^-1）， low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.85， 3.70， 7.40 g·kg^-1， respectively） ZGW， and normal control groups. After 21 days of continuous gavage， the behavioral indexes and body weight changes of rats were evaluated. The pathological changes of the renal tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The serum levels of thyroid hormones ［triiodothyronine （T₃）， thyroxine （T₄）， thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）］， renal function indexes ［serum creatine （Scr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN）］， energy metabolism markers ［cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP） and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP）］， and oxidative stress-related factors ［superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and NADPH）］ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of DRD4， NOX4， mitochondrial respiratory chain complex proteins ［NADH：ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 （NDUFS4） and cytochrome C oxidase subunit 4 （COX4）］， and inflammation-related protein ［tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）］ pathway in the renal tissue. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showed mental malaise， body weight decreases （P<0.01）， inflammatory cell infiltration in the renal tissue， a few residual parotid glands in the thyroid， elevations in serum levels of T₃， T₄， Scr， BUN， cAMP， cAMP/cGMP， MDA， and NADPH （P<0.01）， down-regulation in protein levels of TSH， SOD， and DRD4 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulation in expression of NOX4， p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK， and inflammatory factors （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， ZGW increased the body weight （P<0.05， P<0.01）， reduced the infiltration of renal interstitial inflammatory cells， restored the thyroid structure and follicle size， lowered the serum levels of T₃， T₄， Scr， BUN， cAMP， cAMP/cGMP， MDA and NADPH （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the expression of TSH， SOD and DRD4 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated the expression of NOX4， p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK， and inflammatory factors （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， high-dose ZGW outperformed methimazole （P<0.05）. ConclusionBy activating DRD4， ZGW can inhibit the expression of NOX4 mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway， reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response， thereby ameliorating the pathological state of hyperthyroidism due to kidney-Yin deficiency. This study provides new molecular mechanism support for the clinical application of ZGW.

Background Meteorological factors are among the key extrinsic triggers for the onset and exacerbation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Against the backdrop of sustained global warming, elucidating the impact of ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure on CVD, especially on pre-hospital CVD emergent events, has become imperative for evidence-based prevention and emergency preparedness. Objective To quantify the temporal trends of daily mean temperature and atmospheric pressure and their associations with pre-hospital CVD emergent events in Yantai, and to explore effect modification by demographic subgroups and geographic areas, thereby providing an empirical basis for the rational allocation of emergency medical resources. Methods Pre-hospital CVD emergency data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022 were selected from the Yantai 120 Emergency Medical Command System. Synchronous meteorological factors and environmental pollutant data were obtained from the websites of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Centers for Environmental Information of the United States. Time-series analysis combined with distributed lag non-linear model was used to analyze the association between daily temperature, atmospheric pressure, and pre-hospital CVD emergencies. Average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint (version 5.2.0.0) to reflect temporal trends. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to screen variables with low collinearity for inclusion in the multi-pollutant adjusted models. Results From 2016 to 2022, a total of 268275 pre-hospital CVD emergency cases were recorded in Yantai City, showing an increasing annual trend (AAPC=7.16%, P=0.002). Emergency volume, daily temperature, atmospheric pressure, and PM₁₀ displayed marked seasonal patterns, with summer bottoms and winter peaks for emergencies, daily temperature higher in summer and lower in winter, and the inverse for atmospheric pressure. Correlation analysis showed that both daily temperature and atmospheric pressure were positively correlated with O₃, with correlation coefficients of 0.745 and 0.723, respectively; negatively correlated with PM_2.5, with correlation coefficients of −0.246 and −0.235, respectively; and negatively correlated with PM₁₀, with correlation coefficients of −0.241 and −0.229, respectively (P < 0.05). A U-shaped correlation was revealed between daily temperature and pre-hospital CVD emergency risk. Using 24 °C as the reference, risk was elevated at both low and high daily temperatures, with the strongest cold effect at –11 ℃ (RR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.35, 1.73) and strongest heat effect at 30 ℃ (RR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.11); cold effects were prolonged (lag0–14d) compared to heat effects. Atmospheric pressure exhibited a positive association with emergencies; using a median of 1012.2 hPa as the reference, the maximum risk occurred at 1037 hPa (RR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.52), with a 0–5 d lag. In the subgroup analysis, the impact of low temperature was more pronounced among females (RR_{−9 ℃}=1.66), people over 60 years (RR_{−9 ℃}=1.91), and rural residents (RR_{−9 ℃}=1.76). High atmospheric pressure significantly increased the risk of pre-hospital CVD emergency among females (RR_{1035 hPa}=1.54), people under 18 years (RR_{1035 hPa}=3.62), and rural residents (RR_{1035 hPa}=1.46). The sensitivity analysis results indicated that, after excluding the impact of pandemic and the degrees of freedom for time variations, the effects of daily average temperature and atmospheric pressure on pre-hospital CVD emergency volume were consistent with the primary analysis findings. Conclusion Both non-optimal temperature and atmospheric pressure significantly increase the pre-hospital CVD emergency volume; therefore, emergency medical services should develop targeted response protocols, optimize resource allocation, and intensify public health education to mitigate the pre-hospital burden attributable to temperature and pressure fluctuations.

This study aims to investigate the impact of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1b) on macrophage sortilin-mediated lipid metabolism and aortic atherosclerosis and explore the role of the flavone of Polygonatum odoratum (PAOA-flavone)-promoted small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification in the atheroprotective efficacy of HNF1b. HNF1b was predicted to be a transcriptional regulator of sortilin expression via bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. HNF1b overexpression decreased sortilin expression and cellular lipid contents in THP-1 macrophages, leading to a depression in atherosclerotic plaque formation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLR^-/-) mice. Multiple SUMO1-modified sites were identified on the HNF1b protein and co-immunoprecipitation confirmed its SUMO1 modification. The SUMOylation of HNF1b protein enhanced the HNF1b-inhibited effect on sortilin expression and reduced lipid contents in macrophages. PAOA-flavone treatment promoted SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) expression and SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein, which prevented sortilin-mediated lipid accumulation in macrophages and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^-/-) mice. Interference with SAE1 abrogated the improvement in lipid metabolism in macrophage cells and atheroprotective efficacy in vivo upon PAOA-flavone administration. In summary, HNF1b transcriptionally suppressed sortilin expression and macrophage lipid accumulation to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and the development of atherosclerosis. This anti-atherosclerotic effect was enhanced by PAOA-flavone-facilitated, SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein.
Mice ; Animals ; Polygonatum/metabolism* ; Sumoylation ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta/metabolism* ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism* ; Flavones ; Lipids

Objective:To investigate the implementation status of protective restraints for psychiatric patients.Methods:The self-developed psychiatric protective restraint questionnaire was used to investigate 2 101 patients who had experienced at least one protective restraint during hospitalization in psychiatric institutions in 15 provinces and cities from March to May 2019 to analyze the current status of protective restraint of psychiatric patients.Results:A total of 2 101 questionnaires were distributed and 1 897 valid questionnaires were returned. The duration of constraint of 1 897 patients was 3 (1, 8) h, with the shortest duration of 1 h and the longest duration of 72 h. There were statistically significant differences in duration of restraint for patients with different genders, hospitals, marital status, first diagnosis on admission and history of self-harm or commit suicide ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is an urgent need to establish a set of standardized restraint procedures in clinical practice to prevent unreasonable use of restraints.

Objective To investigate the effects of butylphthalide injection on cerebral blood flow (CBF) perfusion and cognitive function in patients with acute cerebral infarction accompanied by cognitive disorder.Methods From September 2016 to September 2017,80 patients with acute cerebral infarction and cognitive impairment were admitted to the Department of Neurology,Yan'an Hospital of Kunming Medical University.They were assigned to an observation group (n=40) and a control group (n=40).The control group received conventional treatment while the observation group received butylphthalide injection in addition to conventional treatment.The treatment lasted for 14 days for both groups.Before and after treatment,dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) was used to measure the CBF parameters in the cerebral ischemic region,and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the changes in cognitive function.Results After treatment,rCBF and rCBV increased significantly and rMTT and rTTP decreased significantly in the observation group (P＜0.05).After treatment,there were significant improvements in MoCA subscores and total score in the observation group (P＜0.05).In the observation group,the post-treatment increases in rCBV and rCBF were positively correlated with increased MoCA total score (r=0.474,P=0.013;r=0.282,P=0.027),and the post-treatment decreases in rMTT and rTTP were negatively correlated with increased MoCA total score (r=-0.294,P=0.021;r=0.382,P=0.019).Conclusion Butylphthalide injection can safely improve CBF perfusion in the focal region and cognitive function in patients with acute cerebral infarction,with no obvious adverse reactions.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light and diode laser for axillary hair removal. Methods Clinical trials on 61 persons using intense pulsed light and diode laser to depilate axillary hairs were conducted. 36 persons were treated by IPL and 25 persons by diode laser.Treatments were carried out in three times at 8-week intervals, and a final assessment was made 3 months following the third theatment. Results Both IPL and diode laser reduced the hair count substantially! the IPL group effective rates were 80. 6 % and the diode laser group, 76. 0 %. They had no statistical significance was (P>0. 05)). Conclusions Intense pulsed light and diode laser are effiective and safe for hair removal.

BACKGROUND: Rabbit serum samples are widely used in basic researches, and two-dimensional gelelectrophoresis (2-DE) is the most classic technique for protein separation. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a stable technique system of 2-DE for rabbit serum.OBJECTIVE: To establish a 2-DE technique system for rabbit serum protein separation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A single sample observational experiment was performed at Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomarkers for Occupational and Environmental Hazard of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Medical College from June to July in 2008. MATERIALS: Six healthy rabbits were provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Tangshan Vocational Technical College METHODS: Health rabbit serum was dissolved in rehydration sample loading buffer before and after eliminating high abundance proteins to make proteins in it schizolysis adequately. After reductive alkylation, the samples were loaded into the rehydration tray to undergo passive rehydration for 14 hours. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis was followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). After sliver staining, the gel was analyzed by PDQuest7.4. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Efficiency of eliminating high abundance proteins. ②Two-dimensional eleotrophoregrams (2-D electrophoregrams)RESULTS: Distinct 2-D eleotrophoregrems were obtained with high resolution and good reproducibility. The removal of high abundance proteins in serum failed to result in better 2-D electrophoregrams.CONCLUSION: We have successfully established a 2-DE technique for rabbit serum proteome, which can lay the foundation for the further study of serum proteomics of diseases.

Objective To establish an experimental choroidal neovascularization(CNV)model in brown norway(BN)rats by laser infusion in order to study the evolution of CNV during 3 weeks with intravitreaI injection of 1 μl(25 μg)bevacizumab,and make a preliminary investigation of the treatment effect of bevacizumab on experimental CNV. Methods Four groups of 48 BN rats were photocoagulated by krypton laser in 1 eye to induce CNV model in 1 eye,in which 4 groups received 1 μl(25 μg)bevacizumab intravitreal injection 1 week after photocoagulation and the other groups received the same volume intravitreall injection of balanced salt solution(BSS)as control.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)examinations were taken on 1,2,3 week and the eyes were enucleated and processed for histopathologic examination.The areas of CNV were measured in the early phase of FFA.FⅧ-Rag protein was investigated with immunohistoehemistry and was semiquantkatively analyzed. Results The area and the leakage of CNV in bevacizumab treated BN rat eyes were obviously reduced as compared with the control group at each interval.In the treatment group,the expression of FⅧ-Rag was depressed.The examination of FⅧ-Rag and FFA verified the depression of CNV as compared with the control group at each interval.The density of treatment was lower than of control group(P＜0.01).After bevacizumab treatment for 2 weeks,the area of CNV and the expression of FⅧ-Rag were decreased[(0.920±0.634)mm2 and 35.57±10.52,respectively),as compared with the control group[(2.489±0.590)mm2 and 175.37±25.20]. Conclusions Intravitreal bevacizumab injection can inhibit the development of CNV.

Objective To describe CT and MRI findings of the global choroidal hemangioma, and to investigate their value in the diagnosis and differentiation. Methods Nine choroidal hemangioma patients proven by surgical pathology( n =3)or clinic information ( n =6) were analyzed. CT scan was performed in 6 cases and MRI in 4 cases. All cases were examined by ultrasound and 3 with fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Results Two cases showed slight or crescent like thickening and iso density with respect to the global wall on CT scan. 5 cases on enhanced CT showed a flat or shuttle shaped homogeneous mass with marked enhancement. MRI ( n =3) revealed high signal intensity on T 1WI and low signal intensity on T 2WI with respect to the vitreous. 1 small tumor was found clearly by postcontrast fat suppressed T 1WI. Ultrasound showed homogeneous mass ( n =1) and inhomogeneous mass ( n =8), with retinal detachment in all cases. Conclusion CT + MRI + ultrasound can get most of the diagnostic imaging data for choroidal hemangioma. MRI was superior to CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of choroidal hemangioma and differential diagnosis from other malignant tumors.

Objective To study the ecotoxicological effect of Mn,Cd and Mn-Cd combined contamination on crops.Methods Chinese cabbage(Brassica pekimensis),lettuce(Lactuca sativa var.angustana Irish),cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) and alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) seeds were used in seed germination and root elongation tests.Results Research findings indicated that inhibition rates of heavy metals(individual or combined) on the seed germination were much lower than those on the root elongation.Inhibition rate of root elongation proved positively correlated to the concentration of Mn and Cd(P