Objective To track and evaluate the implementation and application of the occupational health standard Radiation shielding requirements for radiotherapy room—Part 4: Radiotherapy room of ²⁵²Cf neutron afterloading (GBZ/T 201.4-2015) by radiation health technical service agencies, medical institutions, health supervision agencies, and radiotherapy facility design units, and to provide a scientific basis for the further revision and implementation of this standard. Methods Following the Guideline for health standards tracking evaluation (WS/T 536-2017) and the project implementation plan, relevant practitioners were randomly selected for a questionnaire survey. The survey primarily focused on their awareness, standard training, application, and revision suggestions of GBZ/T 201.4-2015. The results were summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 168 evaluation questionnaires were collected from relevant practitioners in 28 provinces. Only 31.6% of the respondents reported being “well familiar” or “ familiar” with the standard, 27.4% of the respondents believed that the standard was widely used, and 45.2% of the respondents believed that the standard could meet the needs of their work. Only 14.9% of the respondents had received relevant training on the standard, more than half of the respondents had not applied the standard within the past 10 years, and 45.2% of the respondents believed that the standard "needs to be revised". Conclusion Due to the small number of californium-252 neutron afterloading radiotherapy devices in operation on the market, the overall awareness of the standard is low, suggesting that relevant authorities need to strengthen training and publicity of the standard, and that certain sections of the standard need to be revised or merged.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy immediately following the diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 63 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer who met the inclusion criteria diagnosed in The 1st People's Hospital of Qujing City,Yunnan Province from January 2018 to January 2023.All patients were diagnosed via ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate biopsy.The experimental group consisted of 37 patients who underwent immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy after pathological diagnosis,followed by postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy.The control group included 26 patients who first received 3 months of neoadjuvant hormone therapy before undergoing radical surgery,followed by adjuvant hormone therapy postoperatively.The two groups were compared in terms of surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,duration of catheterization,positive surgical margin rate,rectal injury,positive lymph node rate,incidence of urinary fistula and lymphatic leakage,changes in PSA level,postoperative urinary control,biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis.Results In the control group,serum PSA levels,prostate volume,and clinical staging significantly decreased after neoadjuvant hormon therapy.The positive surgical margin rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,duration of catheterization,rectal injury,positive lymph node rate,incidence of urinary fistula and lymphatic leakage(P>0.05).Follow-up at 18 to 36 months revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of serum PSA levels at one month post-surgery,complete urinary control rate at six months post-surgery,and biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis at one and two years post-surgery(P>0.05).Conclusion Immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy following the diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer is a clinically safe and feasible treatment option.Noadjuvant hormone therapy reduces tumor staging,lowers the positive surgical margin rate,significantly decreases prostate volume,and provides greater operational space without increasing surgical risks.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction in reducing postoperative ileus incidence and accelerating recovery following laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder construction.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 62 patients who underwent the operation in Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from January 2017 to September 2024.According to whether complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction was performed during the operation,they were divided into the conventional group(n=25)and the reconstruction group(n=37).Postoperative ileus rates and recovery parameters were compared to assess the clinical value of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction.Results The reconstruction group showed better postoperative recovery compared to the routine group:gastrointestinal function recovery time[3(2,4)d vs 4(3,5)d,P=0.032],abdominal drainage time[12(10,13.5)d vs 14(12,15)d,P=0.006],pelvic drainage time[12(9,13.5)d vs 14(11,16)d,P=0.015],postoperative hospital stay[18(15.5,26)d vs 25(17,30.5)d,P=0.016],and hospital expenses[(53,695.67±10,182.43)yuan vs(60,803.73±14,449.24)yuan,P=0.027].Postoperative nutritional markers,including total protein[(64.49±6.82)g/L vs.(61.56±4.03)g/L,P=0.038]and albumin[(36.08±5.29)g/L vs.(33.40±3.57)g/L,P=0.020],were higher in the reconstruction group.No significant difference was found in ileus incidence(44.00%vs.32.43%,P=0.355).Other parameters—baseline characteristics,postoperative globulin and prealbumin levels,gastric tube retention,stent/catheter removal time,and complications(anastomotic leakage,urinary fistula,wound infection)—showed no intergroup differences(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction technique in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotonic neobladder provides better protection for the intestine,reduces surgical area adhesions,promotes gastrointestinal function recovery,shortens abdominal and pelvic drainage times,accelerates patient rehabilitation,reduces hospital stay and expenses.However,whether it can effectively reduce postoperative intestinal obstruction rates still requires more data and experimental verification.

Objective:To investigate the interaction of workplace noise, body mass index (BMI) and systemic inflammatory response on hypertension.Methods:In January 2019, 1124 male workers from an automobile factory in Wuhan were selected by cluster random sampling method. The study population was divided into normal body weight group (BMI<24 kg/m 2) and overweight group (BMI≥24 kg/m 2) according to BMI, and were followed up for 3 years. The occupational health examination of the workers was carried out every year, blood routine and blood biochemical indexes were collected, and the information of the workers' age, BMI, type of work and age of exposure to injury were collected through field questionnaires. The noise intensity of the workplace of the enterprise was measured for 3 consecutive years, and the equivalent sound level was calculated according to the working time. Normal and skewness measurements were described by Mean±SD and [ M ( Q1, Q3) ], respectively. t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for inter-group comparisons. Categorical variables were expressed by frequency and percentage (%), and Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons. Mixed effects models and generalized estimation equations were fitted to analyze the relationship between occupational noise, systemic inflammation, and their interaction terms with blood pressure and hypertension risk. Results:Univariate analysis revealed that the white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts and eosinophil counts were positively associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in overweight group ( n=467), respectively ( P<0.05). The participants with white blood cell counts≥5.94×10 9/L, neutrophil counts≥3.31×10 9/L, lymphocyte counts ≥2.03×10 9/L, and eosinophil counts ≥0.12×10 9/L had increased risk of hypertension by 52% ( RR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.11-2.05), 37% ( RR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.01-1.83), 58% ( RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.18-2.09), and 52% ( RR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.12-2.06), respectively (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis found a positive association between BMI and the risk of hypertension in the overweight group ( P<0.05), the participants with lymphocyte counts≥2.03×10 9/L and eosinophil counts≥0.12×10 9/L had increased risk of hypertension by 39% ( RR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.01-1.89) and 46% ( RR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-1.98), respectively (all P<0.05). There was no correlation between BMI and the risk of hypertension in normal weight group ( P>0.05). The multiplicative interaction of occupational noise (≥80 dB) with white blood cell counts (≥5.94×10 9/L) and lymphocyte counts (≥2.03×10 9/L) increased the risk of hypertension by 100% ( RR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.06-3.55) and 89% ( RR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.01-3.32) (all P<0.05) in overweight group, respectively. Additionally, a significant additive interaction was observed between noise exposure (≥80 dB) and basophil counts (≥0.03×10 9/L) on hypertension risk in the overweight group (RERI=0.49, 95% CI: 0.02-0.96, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The combined exposure of occupational noise and systemic inflammation may increase the risk of hypertension in overweight workers in automobile manufacturing plants, and the two have additive and multiplicative interactions.

Objective:To investigate the interaction of workplace noise, body mass index (BMI) and systemic inflammatory response on hypertension.Methods:In January 2019, 1124 male workers from an automobile factory in Wuhan were selected by cluster random sampling method. The study population was divided into normal body weight group (BMI<24 kg/m 2) and overweight group (BMI≥24 kg/m 2) according to BMI, and were followed up for 3 years. The occupational health examination of the workers was carried out every year, blood routine and blood biochemical indexes were collected, and the information of the workers' age, BMI, type of work and age of exposure to injury were collected through field questionnaires. The noise intensity of the workplace of the enterprise was measured for 3 consecutive years, and the equivalent sound level was calculated according to the working time. Normal and skewness measurements were described by Mean±SD and [ M ( Q1, Q3) ], respectively. t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for inter-group comparisons. Categorical variables were expressed by frequency and percentage (%), and Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons. Mixed effects models and generalized estimation equations were fitted to analyze the relationship between occupational noise, systemic inflammation, and their interaction terms with blood pressure and hypertension risk. Results:Univariate analysis revealed that the white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts and eosinophil counts were positively associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in overweight group ( n=467), respectively ( P<0.05). The participants with white blood cell counts≥5.94×10 9/L, neutrophil counts≥3.31×10 9/L, lymphocyte counts ≥2.03×10 9/L, and eosinophil counts ≥0.12×10 9/L had increased risk of hypertension by 52% ( RR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.11-2.05), 37% ( RR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.01-1.83), 58% ( RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.18-2.09), and 52% ( RR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.12-2.06), respectively (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis found a positive association between BMI and the risk of hypertension in the overweight group ( P<0.05), the participants with lymphocyte counts≥2.03×10 9/L and eosinophil counts≥0.12×10 9/L had increased risk of hypertension by 39% ( RR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.01-1.89) and 46% ( RR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-1.98), respectively (all P<0.05). There was no correlation between BMI and the risk of hypertension in normal weight group ( P>0.05). The multiplicative interaction of occupational noise (≥80 dB) with white blood cell counts (≥5.94×10 9/L) and lymphocyte counts (≥2.03×10 9/L) increased the risk of hypertension by 100% ( RR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.06-3.55) and 89% ( RR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.01-3.32) (all P<0.05) in overweight group, respectively. Additionally, a significant additive interaction was observed between noise exposure (≥80 dB) and basophil counts (≥0.03×10 9/L) on hypertension risk in the overweight group (RERI=0.49, 95% CI: 0.02-0.96, P<0.05) . Conclusion:The combined exposure of occupational noise and systemic inflammation may increase the risk of hypertension in overweight workers in automobile manufacturing plants, and the two have additive and multiplicative interactions.

Objective To explore the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)combined with serum serine protease inhibitor Kazal 1(SPINK1)and secretory phosphoprotein 1(SPP1)in early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.Methods 276 patients from June 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the study objects.92 cases of esophageal cancer diagnosed by operation and pathology were esophageal cancer group,another 89 patients diagnosed as benign esophageal lesions through tissue biopsy were selected as the benign lesion group,and 95 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were collected as the healthy control group,general information such as age and gender of subjects in three groups were collected and organized;using pathological results as the gold standard,the accuracy of EUS in diagnosing esophageal cancer was verified;the expression of serum SPINK1 and SPP1 was compared among the esophageal cancer group,benign lesion group,and healthy control group;the relationship between the expression of serum SPINK1 and SPP1 in esophageal cancer patients and their clinical and pathological characteristics was explored;efficacy of EUS combined with serum SPINK1,SPP1 levels for early diagnosis of esophageal cancer was analyzed using receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve).Results Compared with the gold standard,the results of EUS examination showed that 81 cases were diagnosed with esophageal cancer,79 cases were diagnosed with benign lesions,11 cases were missed diagnosed,and 10 cases were misdiagnosed,with an accuracy rate of 88.40%(160/181);Compared with the healthy control group and the benign lesion group,the expression levels of serum SPINK1 and SPP1 in the esophageal cancer group were obviously increased,the expression levels of serum SPINK1 and SPP1 in the benign lesion group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);Serum SPINK1 expression was linked to tumor diameter>2 cm,presence of lymph node metastasis,lymph node positivity,and tissue grading level 3 in patients(P<0.05).Serum SPP1 expression level was related to tumor diameter>2 cm,presence of lymph node metastasis,lymph node positivity,and estrogen receptor positivity of patients(P<0.05);ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of EUS,serum SPINK1,SPP1 levels,and their combination in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer was 0.862,0.834,0.782,and 0.926,respectively,the clinical efficacy of the combination of the three in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer was superior to that of EUS,serum SPINK1,and SPP1 alone(Z=2.30,Z=3.70,Z=4.23,P=0.022,P=0.000,P=0.000).Conclusion The expression levels of serum SPINK1 and SPP1 in esophageal cancer patients are abnormally up-regulated.The combination of EUS and serum SPINK1 and SPP1 has high clinical value in early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

Objective To summarize the application of free fascia lata in reconstructive surgery for patients with refractory intracranial infection after craniotomy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data,treatment details,results,and follow-up of 22 patients with refractory intracranial infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria treated with free fascia lata. Results Twenty-two patients were included in the cohort. All these patients underwent salvage surgery,including removal of the artificial alien dura mater and achievement of complete dura seal with free fascia lata. Immediate infection curation was achieved in 21 patients. In-hospital death occurred in 3 patients with other complications,of them,a patient whose infection curation was not achieved when he died from massive intracerebral hemorrhage 1 week after reconstruction surgery. During a period of 13-86 month follow-up,the surviving patients remained free of infection recurrence. Conclusion Free fascia lata repair can serve as a more straightforward but effective option for dura mater reconstruction,even in the setting of a severe septic area caused by multiple drug-resistant bacteria.

Objective To summarize the application of free fascia lata in reconstructive surgery for patients with refractory intracranial infection after craniotomy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data,treatment details,results,and follow-up of 22 patients with refractory intracranial infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria treated with free fascia lata. Results Twenty-two patients were included in the cohort. All these patients underwent salvage surgery,including removal of the artificial alien dura mater and achievement of complete dura seal with free fascia lata. Immediate infection curation was achieved in 21 patients. In-hospital death occurred in 3 patients with other complications,of them,a patient whose infection curation was not achieved when he died from massive intracerebral hemorrhage 1 week after reconstruction surgery. During a period of 13-86 month follow-up,the surviving patients remained free of infection recurrence. Conclusion Free fascia lata repair can serve as a more straightforward but effective option for dura mater reconstruction,even in the setting of a severe septic area caused by multiple drug-resistant bacteria.

The diagnostic technology of acute stroke by microwave imaging has the advantages of being non-ionizing, fast, small, and low-cost. Therefore, this technology is expected to become an auxiliary or alternative means to CT and MRI technology. As the signal transmitting and receiving device of the microwave imaging system, the antenna has an important influence on the performance of the imaging system. At present, there are many antennas with different performances used in imaging systems, but there is a lack of clear evaluation criteria for them. In this paper, several typical antennas were introduced, their advantages and disadvantages from the perspective of bandwidth and near-field were analyzed, and the common requirements of imaging systems for antennas and the performance indicators of various types of imaging systems were summarized. Moreover, the development trend of antenna technology for microwave imaging was pointed out to provide a reference for the study of stroke microwave imaging technology.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transurethral resection of Prostate(TURP)combined with endocrine therapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 87 cases of late-stage prostate cancer with dysuria admitted between January 2014 and December 2017.We divided them into 2 groups.TURP group(n = 48)received transurethral resection of prostate,followed by regular endocrine therapy.The control group(n = 39)was only given regular endocrine therapy.Comparative analysis of indicators such as prostate-specific antigen before and after treatment,maximum urinary flow rate,residual urine volume,International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),and 5-year survival rate was performed between the two groups.Results Three months after TURP surgery,the symptoms of urinary difficulty significantly improved,and various indicators showed significant improvement compared to before the surgery.PSA levels also notably decreased compared to before the surgery.After 3 months of treatment,the TURP group showed significant improvements in IPSS,Qmax,RV,and PSA indicators compared to the control group(P<0.05).Both groups of patients experienced a gradual decrease in PSA levels after receiving standardized treatment.In the first 12 months of treatment,the PSA levels in the TURP group decreased more significantly compared to the control group,but after 12 months of treatment,the comparison difference was not statistically significant in the PSA levels between the two groups(P = 0.056).A 5-year follow-up comparison of the two groups of patients revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in survival(P = 0.734).Conclusion Transurethral resection of Prostate(TURP)combined with regular endocrine therapy can effectively improve the dysuria in prostate cancer patients,improve the quality of life of patients,and will not affect the five-year survival rate.TURP is a safe and effective treatment for advanced prostate cancer.