Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) serves as a treasure trove of ancient knowledge, holding a crucial position in the medical field. However, the exploration of TCM's extensive information has been hindered by challenges related to data standardization, completeness, and accuracy, primarily due to the decentralized distribution of TCM resources. To address these issues, we developed a platform for TCM knowledge discovery (TCMKD, https://cbcb.cdutcm.edu.cn/TCMKD/). Seven types of data, including syndromes, formulas, Chinese patent drugs (CPDs), Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs), ingredients, targets, and diseases, were manually proofread and consolidated within TCMKD. To strengthen the integration of TCM with modern medicine, TCMKD employs analytical methods such as TCM data mining, enrichment analysis, and network localization and separation. These tools help elucidate the molecular-level commonalities between TCM and contemporary scientific insights. In addition to its analytical capabilities, a quick question and answer (Q&A) system is also embedded within TCMKD to query the database efficiently, thereby improving the interactivity of the platform. The platform also provides a TCM text annotation tool, offering a simple and efficient method for TCM text mining. Overall, TCMKD not only has the potential to become a pivotal repository for TCM, delving into the pharmacological foundations of TCM treatments, but its flexible embedded tools and algorithms can also be applied to the study of other traditional medical systems, extending beyond just TCM.

Objective To investigate the neural basis of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in regulating glucose homeostasis and elucidate the molecular mechanisms.Methods Male Glp1r-IRES-Cre,Glp1r-KO,and wild-type mice were used in this study.Fiber photometry was employed to record Ca2+signals of neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus(VMH)and patch-clamp was used to analyze electrophysiological properties of GLP-1 receptor-positive(GLP-1RVMH)neurons.Viral stereotaxic injections,chemogenetics,plasma hormone assays,and routine glucose metabolism assessments were combined to determine the regulatory role of GLP-1RVMH neurons in glucose homeostasis.Tissue and cell mitochondrial respiratory function assays,transmission electron microscopy,and conventional molecular biology methods were used to explore the mechanism by which GLP-1R agonists regulate glucose homeostasis.Results When the glucose concentration decreased from 5.0 mmol/L to 0.5 mmol/L,the action potential frequency of GLP-1RVMH neuron decreased significantly[(4.51±0.80)Hz vs.(1.43±0.51)Hz,P<0.01].Activation of GLP-1RVMH neuron significantly enhanced insulin secretion[(7.60±0.56)μU/mL vs.(11.34±0.93)μU/mL,P<0.01],while inhibition of these neuronal activities impaired the hypoglycemic efficiency of GLP-1 agonists[(32.03%±0.91%)vs.(25.77%±1.09%),P<0.001)].Mechanistically,GLP-1 regulated glucose homeostasis through Drp1 phosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial fission and improved mitochondrial energy metabolism.Conclusion GLP-1RVMH neurons are a class of glucose-excited neurons,and which activated directly promotes secretion of insulin.The hypoglycemic effect of GLP-1R agonists depend on the neuronal activity of GLP-1RVMH.

Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriopathy (CUA), is a rare arteriosclerosis disease characterized by skin ischemia and necrosis with severe pain, which occurs in end-stage renal disease patients. The efficacy of sodium thiosulfate (STS) in CUA has been widely verified and affirmed. However, there is no unified standard for the use of STS at home and abroad.This article introduced a case of severe CUA patient who had achieved good results under different STS usage treatments, and summarized the different STS usage treatments for CUA combined with literature.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)serves as a treasure trove of ancient knowledge,holding a crucial position in the medical field.However,the exploration of TCM's extensive information has been hindered by challenges related to data standardization,completeness,and accuracy,primarily due to the decen-tralized distribution of TCM resources.To address these issues,we developed a platform for TCM knowledge discovery(TCMKD,https://cbcb.cdutcm.edu.cn/TCMKD/).Seven types of data,including syndromes,formulas,Chinese patent drugs(CPDs),Chinese medicinal materials(CMMs),ingredients,targets,and diseases,were manually proofread and consolidated within TCMKD.To strengthen the integration of TCM with modern medicine,TCMKD employs analytical methods such as TCM data mining,enrichment analysis,and network localization and separation.These tools help elucidate the molecular-level commonalities between TCM and contemporary scientific insights.In addition to its analytical capabilities,a quick question and answer(Q&A)system is also embedded within TCMKD to query the database efficiently,thereby improving the interactivity of the platform.The platform also provides a TCM text annotation tool,offering a simple and efficient method for TCM text mining.Overall,TCMKD not only has the potential to become a pivotal repository for TCM,delving into the pharmaco-logical foundations of TCM treatments,but its flexible embedded tools and algorithms can also be applied to the study of other traditional medical systems,extending beyond just TCM.

The research status and common methods of the Four Tantras are summarized by bibliographic methods.The"philosophy,biology,society,geography,psychology and medicine"model of Tibetan medicine inheritance innovation in the Four Tantras was used to explore the historical necessity of interdisciplinary integration of the Four Tantras.It combines the latest technology and methods at the forefront of systems science,philosophical science,psychological science,astronomy,biological science,geographic science,ecological science,medical science,as well as modern biotechnology and digital technology into the innovation of Tibetan medical heritage.It is also put forward the idea of multidisciplinary intersection and large integration research of the Four Tantras and Tibetan medicine,as well as a new paradigm of systematic Tibetan medicine research that reflects a systemic and holistic view.The culture,theoretical basis and scientific connotation of Tibetan medicine contained in the Four Tantras are preliminarily clarified,which provides basic ideas for the inheritance and innovation of Tibetan medicine.

Objective To investigate the neural basis of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in regulating glucose homeostasis and elucidate the molecular mechanisms.Methods Male Glp1r-IRES-Cre,Glp1r-KO,and wild-type mice were used in this study.Fiber photometry was employed to record Ca2+signals of neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus(VMH)and patch-clamp was used to analyze electrophysiological properties of GLP-1 receptor-positive(GLP-1RVMH)neurons.Viral stereotaxic injections,chemogenetics,plasma hormone assays,and routine glucose metabolism assessments were combined to determine the regulatory role of GLP-1RVMH neurons in glucose homeostasis.Tissue and cell mitochondrial respiratory function assays,transmission electron microscopy,and conventional molecular biology methods were used to explore the mechanism by which GLP-1R agonists regulate glucose homeostasis.Results When the glucose concentration decreased from 5.0 mmol/L to 0.5 mmol/L,the action potential frequency of GLP-1RVMH neuron decreased significantly[(4.51±0.80)Hz vs.(1.43±0.51)Hz,P<0.01].Activation of GLP-1RVMH neuron significantly enhanced insulin secretion[(7.60±0.56)μU/mL vs.(11.34±0.93)μU/mL,P<0.01],while inhibition of these neuronal activities impaired the hypoglycemic efficiency of GLP-1 agonists[(32.03%±0.91%)vs.(25.77%±1.09%),P<0.001)].Mechanistically,GLP-1 regulated glucose homeostasis through Drp1 phosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial fission and improved mitochondrial energy metabolism.Conclusion GLP-1RVMH neurons are a class of glucose-excited neurons,and which activated directly promotes secretion of insulin.The hypoglycemic effect of GLP-1R agonists depend on the neuronal activity of GLP-1RVMH.

The research status and common methods of the Four Tantras are summarized by bibliographic methods.The"philosophy,biology,society,geography,psychology and medicine"model of Tibetan medicine inheritance innovation in the Four Tantras was used to explore the historical necessity of interdisciplinary integration of the Four Tantras.It combines the latest technology and methods at the forefront of systems science,philosophical science,psychological science,astronomy,biological science,geographic science,ecological science,medical science,as well as modern biotechnology and digital technology into the innovation of Tibetan medical heritage.It is also put forward the idea of multidisciplinary intersection and large integration research of the Four Tantras and Tibetan medicine,as well as a new paradigm of systematic Tibetan medicine research that reflects a systemic and holistic view.The culture,theoretical basis and scientific connotation of Tibetan medicine contained in the Four Tantras are preliminarily clarified,which provides basic ideas for the inheritance and innovation of Tibetan medicine.

Calciphylaxis, also known as calcific uremic arteriopathy (CUA), is a rare arteriosclerosis disease characterized by skin ischemia and necrosis with severe pain, which occurs in end-stage renal disease patients. The efficacy of sodium thiosulfate (STS) in CUA has been widely verified and affirmed. However, there is no unified standard for the use of STS at home and abroad.This article introduced a case of severe CUA patient who had achieved good results under different STS usage treatments, and summarized the different STS usage treatments for CUA combined with literature.

Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression; however, the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility, while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors. Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) of depressed mice, however, the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs. We discovered that a higher dose of crocin markedly increased cAMP in the NAc and consistently relieved depression 24 h after oral administration, but not a lower dose. The fast onset property of crocin was verified through multicenter studies. Moreover, crocin specifically targeted at D1-MSN cAMP signaling in the NAc to relieve depression and had no effect on D2-MSN. These findings characterize a new strategy to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit by elevating cAMP in D1-MSNs in the NAc, and provide a potential rapid antidepressant drug candidate, crocin.

When partial nephrectomy is performed by posterior abdominal approach, the surgical field is poorly exposed, resulting in increased surgical difficulty and risk of injury.In this study, 28 patients with T 1a stage kidney tumors underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Intraoperatively, exposure of the surgical field was achieved using the percutaneous puncture of the renal fascia suspension technique. There were no dissatisfactory exposures due to peritoneal damage during the surgery, no additional tubes were inserted, and no conversions to open surgery were needed. The operation time was (76.5±20.3) minutes, blood loss was (92.1±18.7) ml, renal artery clamping time was (19.5±4.3) minutes. Postoperatively, there were no complications such as bleeding, infection, or hematuria.