To analyze global trends and research hotspots in exercise intervention for overweight and obesity from 2010 to 2024, to provide novel perspectives for comprehensive management research on overweight and obesity.

To investigate the bone health status and potential influencing factors of bone mineral density in adult patients with hemophilia, providing a reference for improving their bone health and for the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation intervention of osteoporosis.

Bispecific killer cell engagers (BiKEs) are a powerful tool to incite the killing power of natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we posited that the BiKE technology could be utilized to deplete activated immune cells expressing programmed death-1 (PD-1⁺ cells), and hence treat autoimmune diseases since these cells drive the disorders. We designed and generated PD-1 BiKE that targets an activating NK cell receptor, CD16, and PD-1. PD-1 BiKE showed specific binding to PD-1⁺ cells and engaged CD16 simultaneously. PD-1 BiKE enhanced NK cell-mediated apoptosis and depletion of PD-1⁺ Raji cells, but not PD-1^- Raji cells. Further, PD-1 BiKE induced apoptosis of primary PD-1⁺ T lymphocytes that are highly relevant to autoimmune disease progression. The BiKE depleted 42% of primary T cells that were stimulated in vitro. Importantly, those ablated primary T cells were activated cells. Meanwhile, naive T cells were spared by the BiKE treatment, supporting the crucial selectivity of PD-1 BiKE-directed cell depletion. Lastly, PD-1 BiKE is more effective than a conventional depleting antibody in the depletion of PD-1⁺ cells. The current work supports PD-1 BiKE is a selective, potent, and safe tool to deplete PD-1⁺ cells.

Objective To compare the short-term clinical effects of unilateral dual-channel endoscopic discectomy(UBED)and percutaneous endoscopic intervertebral discectomy(PEID)in the treatment of L5S,Lumbar disc herniation,LDH.Methods From January 2019 to January 2021,a total of 57 cases of L5S,LDH treated by UBED or PEID were analyzed retrospectively,including 30 cases in UBED group and 27 cases in PEID group.The operation time,intraoperative fluoroscopy times,postoperative hospitalization days and surgical complications were compared between the two groups.The visual analogue scale(VAS)and oswestry disability index(ODI)were used to compare the postoperative quality of life of the two groups,and the modified MacNab criteria was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy in the last follow-up.Results The operation time of UBED group and PEID group was(75.30±8.44)minutes and(68.37±4.63)minutes,respectively,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).VAS and ODI of 1 week,3 months,1 year and 1.5 years after surgery in 2 groups were significantly decreased compared with those before surgery,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The VAS score of low back pain in UBED group was higher than that in PEID group[(3.87±1.14)points vs(2.70±0.67)points]at 1 week after surgery(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI at the other time points(P＞0.05).There was no statistical difference in the results of modified MacNab criteria in the last follow-up(P＞0.05).There were 2 cases of dural tear in PEID group,1 case of dural tear in UBED group and 1 case of temporary nerve root injury in PEID group after operation,all of which were cured after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion Compared with PEID,UBED has a longer operation time,more trauma and more obvious low back pain in the short term after operation.The short-term curative effect of the two operations on L5S1 LDH is similar,the incidence of complications is low,and the times of fluoroscopy are few.Both operations are safe and effective.

Objective:To explore the level of physical activity of Chinese adults with haemophilia and its related factors so as to provide a reference for their comprehensive management.Methods:The daily physical activity of adults with haemophilia was surveyed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). A total of 110 questionnaires were eligible for analysis at last. The results were compared with published data from other societies using independent sample t-tests and chi squared tests. Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to explore factors related to the subjects′ physical activity levels.Results:Fully 30.9% of the subjects claimed to maintain a high level of physical activity. This was significantly different from the distribution of physical activity observed in Japan (12.4%), Ireland (50.9%) and the United Kingdom (43.1%). According to the Spearman correlation analysis, the number of joints affected, anxiety, and depression are all significantly related to the level of physical activity among such adults. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that depression was an independent factor affecting the patients′ level of physical activities.Conclusion:Chinese and Japanese adults with hemophilia have relatively low levels of physical activity, possibly influenced by depression.

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of social support and coping style between stigma and self-management behavior in diabetic foot patients.Methods:A total of 224 patients with diabetic foot who visited the Outpatient Department of Xinxiang Central Hospital were selected as participants by convenience sampling. Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire and Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale were used for survey. Model 6 in the SPSS PROCESS program was used to test for chain mediating effects.Results:Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in self-management behavior scores among patients of different ages, educational levels, work status, average monthly family income, Wagner grading, and whether they received foot health education ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between stigma, social support, coping style, and self-management behavior, with statistical differences ( P<0.05). Mediating effect analysis showed that, in addition to the direct effect of stigma on the self-management behavior of diabetic foot patients, it also had an impact on self-management behavior through the separate mediating effect of social support and coping style (facing and resignation) and the chain mediating role of the two. Conclusions:Stigma can not only directly affect the self-management behavior of diabetic foot patients, but also indirectly affect them through the mediating role of social support and coping style (facing and resignation). The self-management of patients with diabetic foot can be improved by reducing their stigma, increasing social support and encouraging patients to be brave in coping with the disease.

Objective:To explore the international research hotpots and development trend of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).Methods:Web of Science database was searched as of February 16, 2022, with search term of "therapeutic drug monitoring" or "drug monitoring". The research articles on TDM were collected and analyzed for the annual publication amount, countries, authors, and institutions. Citation burst was detected using CiteSpace software, and keywords-cluster was carried out by VOSviewer to visually show the research hotpots.Results:A total of 2 318 articles were included, and the first one was published in 1975. The United States published the largest amount of related articles and had the closest cooperation with other countries. University of Queensland in Australia was the institution with the most publications, and Roberts JA was the author with the most publications. A total of 10 citation bursts were detected, and 6 keywords-clusters related to TDM were found by cluster analysis method. Recent international research hotspots included TDM of biologics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, TDM of anti-infective drugs in critically ill patients, and TDM of anti-tumor drugs.Conclusions:Referring to the international research hotspots, TDM should be carried out for more drugs, such as infliximab, adalimumab, and imatinib, etc., to provide personalized and precise medication care for patients and improve the safety of drug therapy.

Objective:To determine the minimum clinically-important difference (MCID) in the rehabilitation effect among children with haemophilic knee joint contracture.Methods:The data describing 28 children with an average age of 13.89±3.00 years and haemophilic knee joint contracture who received no less than 10 sessions of physiotherapy in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. The therapeutic effect of the treatement was quantified in terms of Haemophilia Joint Health Scores (HJHSs) for their knees. The MCID after the therapy was evaluated using the mean change method, multivariate linear regression, receiver operating characteristics, and the distribution-based method.Results:The MCID for the improvement of knee HJHS was 5.13 by the mean change method, 4.31 by multivariate linear regression, 3.50 according to the ROC curve and 1.64 by the distribution-based method. Taking all of them into consideration, 4.31 was found to be an appropriate value.Conclusions:The MCID after physical therapy for the improvement in knee HJHS for a child with haemophilic knee contracture is 4.31. Improvements greater than 4.31 can be considered clinically significant.

Objective:To explore the international research hotpots and development trend of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).Methods:Web of Science database was searched as of February 16, 2022, with search term of "therapeutic drug monitoring" or "drug monitoring". The research articles on TDM were collected and analyzed for the annual publication amount, countries, authors, and institutions. Citation burst was detected using CiteSpace software, and keywords-cluster was carried out by VOSviewer to visually show the research hotpots.Results:A total of 2 318 articles were included, and the first one was published in 1975. The United States published the largest amount of related articles and had the closest cooperation with other countries. University of Queensland in Australia was the institution with the most publications, and Roberts JA was the author with the most publications. A total of 10 citation bursts were detected, and 6 keywords-clusters related to TDM were found by cluster analysis method. Recent international research hotspots included TDM of biologics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, TDM of anti-infective drugs in critically ill patients, and TDM of anti-tumor drugs.Conclusions:Referring to the international research hotspots, TDM should be carried out for more drugs, such as infliximab, adalimumab, and imatinib, etc., to provide personalized and precise medication care for patients and improve the safety of drug therapy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between vitamin E and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) .Methods A total of 128 cases of CAP(CAP group) and 135 people undergoing the healthy physical examination (excluding CAP ,control group) in our hospital from Jan .2016 to Dec .2016 were chosen .Each group was divided into the age subgroups of 0-17 years old ,18-40 years old and 41-65 years old .Vitamin E ,Chlamydia pneumoniae(CPn) and mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) were detected in all the subjects .Then the obtained data were statistically analyzed .Results The average vitamin E was (15 .43 ± 4 .37)mg/L in the control group and (6 .37 ± 3 .24)mg/L in the CAP group ,the difference between the two group was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .In the control group ,there were 7 cases of MP positive and 6 cases of CPn positive .In the CAP group ,there were 32 cases of MP posi‐tive and 25 cases of CPn positive .The differences of MA and CPn positive between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .The vitamin E levels in the 0 -17 years old ,18 -40 years old and 41 -65 years old subgroups of the control group were (14 .75 ± 4 .12) ,(16 .42 ± 4 .35) ,(16 .42 ± 4 .35)mg/L respectively ,while which in the various subgroups of the CAP group were (5 .43 ± 3 .18) ,(7 .74 ± 3 .65) ,(7 .74 ± 3 .65)mg/L respectively ,the difference in different age groups between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Maintaining a high level of serum vitamin E level could effectively prevent CAP .