ObjectiveA qualitative analysis method was established for the composition of Astragali Radix（AR） before and after rice stir-frying. On the basis of systematic characterization of the chemical compositions in AR and stir-fried AR with rice（ARR）， the structures of their major compounds were deduced and identified， and the differential compositions between them were analyzed. MethodsUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was used to detect the samples of AR and ARR in positive and negative ion modes， respectively. The compounds were analyzed and identified through self-constructed databases， literature， and reference standards， etc. And the data were analyzed by chemometrics， in order to screen for the differential components between AR and ARR. ResultsA total of 123 compounds were identified in AR and ARR， including 41 flavonoids， 19 terpenoids， 26 organic acids， 8 amino acids， 5 nucleotides， 5 carbohydrates and 19 other compounds. Among them， there were 95 common components in both， 18 unique components in AR， and 10 unique components in ARR. Principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） results both showed that there were significant differences in the chemical constituents of AR before and after rice stir-frying， and a total of 26 constituents with differences in the content were screened out， including L-canavanine， L-pyroglutamic acid， L-phenylalanine， cis-caffeic acid， and malonylastragaloside Ⅰ. Among them， 19 constituents of ARR were down-regulated and 7 constituents were up-regulated by comparing with AR. ConclusionThis study clarifies that the chemical composition of AR and ARR is mainly composed of flavonoids， terpenoids， and organic acids， and analyzes the components with significant differences in content between the two in combination with chemometrics， and the differential components are dominated by amino acids， organic acids and terpenoids， which can provide reference for the subsequent quality control and material basis research.

Objective To understand the awareness and willingness of primary medical staff in Songjiang District, Shanghai towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccines, and to provide references for improving the vaccination willingness of HPV vaccine and primary prevention of cervical cancer. Methods From July to August 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the in-service medical staff in 17 community health service centers in Songjiang District, Shanghai, using the random sampling method. Descriptive analysis, χ² test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 951 valid questionnaires were collected during the survey. The awareness rate of HPV among medical staff was 92.74%, and the awareness rate of HPV vaccine was 93.38%. The maximum score for HPV knowledge was 6 points, with an average score of (3.99±1.34) points. The maximum score for HPV vaccine knowledge was 10 points, with an average score of (5.63±1.61) points. 881 (92.64%) medical staff were willing to receive or recommend HPV vaccination. Multivariate analysis showed that concerns about being infected with HPV (OR=2.648, 95% CI: 1.459-4.806), qualified score on HPV vaccine knowledge (OR=1.717, 95% CI: 1.012-2.912), high price burden of HPV vaccine (OR=0.343, 95% CI: 0.157-0.746), and concerns about side effects of vaccination (OR=0.443, 95% CI: 0.243-0.805) were the influencing factors for medical staff's willingness to vaccinate. Conclusion There is insufficient knowledge of HPV and its vaccines among primary medical personnel in Songjiang District, Shanghai. It is necessary to strengthen the continuing education of medical personnel through multiple channels, supplement the HPV-related knowledge system, and eliminate their concerns about vaccines.

Kupffer cells (KCs), as residents and sentinels of the liver, are involved in the formation of hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the biological functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in KCs to HF have not been determined. In this study, the expression levels of circRNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in KCs from a mouse model of HF mice were investigated using microarray and circRNA-Seq analyses. circDcbld2 was identified as a candidate circRNA in HF, as evidenced by its up-regulation in KCs. Silver staining and mass spectrometry showed that Wtap and Igf2bp2 bind to cirDcbld2. The suppression of circDcbld2 expression decreased the KC inflammatory response and oxidative stress and inhibited hepatic stellate cell (HSCs) activation, attenuating mouse liver fibrogenesis. Mechanistically, Wtap mediated the N ⁶-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of circDcbld2, and Igf2bp2 recognized m6A-modified circDcbld2 and increased its stability. circDcbld2 contributes to the occurrence of HF by binding miR-144-3p/Et-1 to regulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. These findings indicate that circDcbld2 functions via the m6A/circDcbld2/miR-144-3p/Et-1 axis and may act as a potential biomarker for HF treatment.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a specific form of post-translational modification (PTM) predominantly triggered by the activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). However, the role and mechanism of PARylation in the advancement of acute kidney injury (AKI) remain undetermined. Here, we demonstrated the significant upregulation of PARP1 and its associated PARylation in murine models of AKI, consistent with renal biopsy findings in patients with AKI. This elevation in PARP1 expression might be attributed to trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3). Furthermore, a reduction in PARylation levels mitigated renal dysfunction in the AKI mouse models. Mechanistically, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated that PARylation mainly occurred in receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), thereby facilitating its subsequent phosphorylation. Moreover, the phosphorylation of RACK1 enhanced its dimerization and accelerated the ubiquitination-mediated hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) degradation, thereby exacerbating kidney injury. Additionally, we identified a PARP1 proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), A19, as a PARP1 degrader that demonstrated superior protective effects against renal injury compared with PJ34, a previously identified PARP1 inhibitor. Collectively, both genetic and drug-based inhibition of PARylation mitigated kidney injury, indicating that the PARylated RACK1/HIF-1α axis could be a promising therapeutic target for AKI treatment.

miR-135 is a highly conserved miRNA in mammals and includes miR-135a and miR-135b.Recent studies have shown that miR-135b is a key regulatory factor in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.It is involved in regulating the pathological process of myocardial infarction,myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury,cardiac hypertrophy,atrial fibrillation,diabetic cardiomyopathy,atherosclerosis,pulmonary hyperten-sion,cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,Parkinson's disease,and Alzheimer's disease.Obviously,miR-135b is an emerging player in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and is expected to be an important target for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.However,the crucial role of miR-135b in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and its underlying mechanism of action has not been reviewed.Therefore,in this review,we aimed to comprehensively summarize the role of miR-135b and the signaling pathway mediated by miR-135b in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Drugs targeting miR-135b for the treatment of diseases and related patents,highlighting the importance of this target and its utility as a therapeutic target for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases,have been discussed.

AIM: To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial injury in type 1 diabetes mice and its mechanism. METHODS: Normal C57BL / 6J male mice were randomly divided into normal control group (Control), diabetes cardiomyopathy group (DCM) and dapagliflozin group (DAPA). The model of diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and given maintenance feed. DAPA group was given 10 mg · kg

With the rapid development of the Internet,e-health technology-based interventions provide high-quality supportive care to meet the care needs of family caregivers of cancer patients,thereby improving the physical and mental health of family caregivers.This article aims to summarize the concept of e-health technology,its current applications,intervention content,and effects among family caregivers of cancer patients.Additionally,it analyzes the shortcomings in the current stage of research and applications,with the goal of providing insights for promoting the utilization of e-health technology in the context of family caregivers of cancer patients.

Objective To observe the effect of Tongbi decoctionon for the changes of the endothelial function and hemorheology in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 90 patients with angina pectoris were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method, with 45 in each group. The control group was given routine clinical treatment, and the observation group was treated with Tongbi decoction on the basis of the control group. After treated for 4 weeks, the pain severity of angina pectoris was observed before and after treatment, and the frequency and duration of angina pectoris were recorded. The levels of serum vascular endothelin (ET) and endothelin (VEGF) were measured by ELISA. The serum NO was measured by nitrate reductase method, and whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were measured by blood viscometer. The hematocrit was measured by hematocrit analyzer and optical density method. The erythrocyte aggregation index was measured, and the fibrinogen level was measured by heating precipitation method. And the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results After treatment, the total effective rate was 93.3％ (42/45) in the observation group and 77.8％ (35/45) in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (Z=-3.164, P=0.002). After treatment, the score of angina pain (0.62 ± 0.05 vs. 1.17 ± 0.14, t=5.733) , the frequency of angina attack (3.62 ± 0.43 times/week vs. 5.02 ± 0.64 times/week, t=5.042), the duration of angina attack (3.17 ± 0.42 minutes/time vs. 4.06 ± 0.51 minutes/time, t=4.781) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of VEGF and NO in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t value was 5.892, 5.347, all Ps<0.05), and ET was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=4.926, P=0.037). After treatment, the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, aggregation index and fibrinogen levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t values were 4.832, 4.233, 5.031, 4.136, 4.531, all Ps<0.05). Conclusions The application of Tongbi decoction can improve the endothelial function of patients with angina pectoris, adjust the hemorheological indexes and relieve the symptoms related to angina pectoris.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) double-phase imaging in differential diagnosis of bone lesions in tumor patients,which was indefinite in 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone imaging,and evaluate the correlation between 99Tcm-MIBI imaging and chemotherapy efficacy.Methods Fifty-two tumor patients (23 males,29 females,mean age 58 years) with bone isolated lesions(≤3) found by 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy was enrolled from June 2014 to November 2015.Since the results of 99Tcm-MDP imaging were indefinite,99Tcm-MIBI double-phase (10 min and 30 min after injection of 99Tcm-MIBI) SPECT/CT imaging was then performed within 1 week.The final diagnosis was made according to results of more than two imaging modalities (CT,MRI,PET/CT) and/or follow-up (≥6 months).The diagnostic efficacy of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging was calculated.The clinical dataof chemotherapy were also collected.Patients with bone metastasis were grouped as the treatment response.Retention index (RI) of metastatic lesions was calculated and compared between different groups using two-sample t test.The relationship between RI and chemotherapy efficacy was investigated by Spearman correlation analysis.Results A total of 12 benign lesions and 84 malignant lesions were eventually diagnosed.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value (PPV),negative predictive value (NPV) and Youden index of 99Tcm-MIBI imaging were 96.43％(81/84),83.33％(10/12),97.59％(81/83),76.92％(10/13),and 0.80,respectively.The RI was statistically different between complete remission (CR)+partial remission (PR) group and stable disease (SD) + progressive disease (PD) group:-0.142± 0.036 vs-0.384± 0.067 (t =2.367,P＜0.05).The RI of 99Tcm-MIBI in bone metastases was positively correlated with the chemotherapy efficacy (rs =0.78,P＜0.01).Conclusions 99Tcm-MIBI imaging is helpful in differential diagnosis of bone lesions with indefinite diagnosis by 99Tcm-MDP bone imaging in tumor patients.99Tcm-MIBI RI of bone metastasis may predict the therapeutic response of chemotherapy efficacy.

Objective To analyze the course of development of chronic fatigue syndrome ( CFS) and its research hotspots and frontiers .Methods We retrieved 3723 CFS-related papers published in the Web of Science databases between 2000 and 2014, and obtained a series of mapping knowledge domains with the help of the CiteSpace Ⅲ.Results By visually analyzing the network of international cooperation , mainstream academic communities , development trends and research hotspots in the field of CFS ,the classical literature was quickly decided on and reviewed so that research frontier and development trends were accurately defined .Conclusion Our analysis shows that the academic communities in the field of CFS are mainly located in the United States ,England and other Western countries .Research hotspots shifted from case characters to influence factors ,mechanisms and therapeutic methods .Currently,research frontiers are the etiological theory of pathogen infection and the pathophysiological mechanisms of similar chronic diseases .