Objective A new type fighter pilot's helmet comfort was investigated to provide basis for generalization and popularization.Methods A quantitative questionnaire was designed to evaluate the comfort of current helmets and new helmets by pilots of series A and B fighters,and compare the new helmets with the current helmets.Thirdly,quantitative statistics of questionnaires were carried out to analyze the pilot's opinions on current helmets and new helmets.Based on the structure and quality characteristics of current helmets and new helmets,the investigation results were analyzed and discussed.Results A total of 167 pilots from series A and B fighter aircraft participated in trial wear and questionnaire investigation of new helmets.Among them,103 pilots from series A fighters and 64 pilots from series B fighters.Compared with the pilot's current helmet,the new helmet is lightweight and comfortable.Among them,92.2%of the pilots of the series A believe that the new helmet is more comfortable than the current helmet,and 90.3%of pilots think it is necessary to replace the current helmet with the new helmet.90.6%of the pilots of the Series B think the new helmet is more comfortable than the current helmet,and 92.2%of pilots think it is necessary to replace the current helmet with the new helmet.Conclusion The new fighter pilot's helmet is light and comfortable,and has been widely praised by pilots.The research results provide data support and decision-making basis for its universalization and popularization.

BACKGROUND:Warm-needling moxibustion can effectively treat knee osteoarthritis.Degeneration,injury and fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament can affect the local stability of the knee joint,and then induce the formation of knee osteoarthritis.Whether warm-needling moxibustion can repair the injured cruciate ligament and the mechanism of action are still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of warm-needling moxibustion on the morphology of the anterior cruciate ligament and the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis and to clarify the mechanism of anterior cruciate ligament repair by warm-needling moxibustion. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group and warm-needling moxibustion group,with 10 rabbits in each group.Knee osteoarthritis model was established by plaster cast immobilization.The blank group was not intervened.Rabbits in the model group rabbits were fixed in a rabbit holder for 15 minutes every day.The warm-needling moxibustion group was treated with warm acupuncture,once a day,7 days as a course of treatment,a total of two courses.After treatment,the imaging changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by MRI and MRI grading statistics were performed.Morphological changes of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by transmission electron microscope and hematoxylin-eosin staining.mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were detected by RT-PCR and western blot,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MRI examination:Compared with the blank control group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the model group was thickened,edematous,and partially torn,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the anterior cruciate ligament in the warm-needling moxibustion group was slightly thickened,with mild edema and no tearing,and the difference in grading statistics was statistically significant(P＜0.05).General observation:In the model group,the surface of the anterior cruciate ligament was glossy and faded,with the edge being covered with flocculent periosteum and obvious tissue necrosis;in the warm-needling moxibustion group,the surface of the ligament was glossy,and the ligament was in a normal helical shape.Hematoxylin-eosin staining:In the model group,there was obvious tissue necrosis in the anterior cruciate ligament,a large number of new capillaries,loosely arranged fibroblasts and collagen fibers.In the warm-needling moxibustion group,there was a small amount of tissue necrosis and few new vessels in the anterior cruciate ligament,and the cells and collagen fibers were loosely and irregularly arranged.Transmission electron microscopy:In the model group,the fibers in the anterior cruciate ligament were arranged in a disordered way with uneven thickness and distribution,and there are more fibroblasts that were irregular in morphology;in the warm acupuncture group,the fibers were basically arranged longitudinally,with uneven thickness and distribution,and a small number of oval-shaped fibroblasts were observed.RT-PCR and western blot assay:mRNA and protein expressions of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the blank control group(P＜0.05),but significant increased after treatment with warm-needling moxibustion(P＜0.05).To conclude,warm-needling moxibustion can alleviate anterior cruciate ligament injury and regulate the expression of insulin growth factor-1 and transforming growth factor-β to treat knee osteoarthritis.

【Objective】 To investigate the distribution of sleep and eating behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to analyze their correlations with clinical characteristics, in order to provide basis for fwture mechanism research and clinical intervention. 【Methods】 A total of 211 ASD children aged 2 - 7 were enrolled into this study from outpatient department from January to June 2023, and 91 typically developed children matched with age and sex were enrolled into control group.Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Children′s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and a self-made questionnaire were used to assess children′s autistic behavior, sleep problems and eating behaviors. Chi-square test, t test, non-parametric test and multinomial Logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between sleep problems and eating behaviors in children with ASD. 【Results】 The prevalence rates of sleep problems and food selectivity were significantly higher in children with ASD than those in control group (χ²=6.876、17.299, P<0.05).The total score of CSHQ of ASD children (48.55±6.07) was significantly higher than that of control group (45.24±5.33)(t=4.494,P<0.05).ASD children were more likely to report bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, night waking, parasomnias and sleep disordered breathing than control group (P<0.05).The total score of CSHQ was significantly higher in ASD children with aberrant eating behaviors, and the difference was statistically significant in food selectivity (type selectivity, texture selectivity and pica) (Z=2.803, P<0.05).Multinomial Logistic regression indicated that the occurrence of sleep onset delay was positively affected by body and object use (OR=1.063), and negatively affected without food texture selectivity (OR=0.524) and pica (OR=0.343). 【Conclusions】 ASD children have a higher risk of sleep problems and aberrant eating behaviors than the typically developed children.Moreover,ASD children with aberrant eating behaviors have more severe sleep problems.The influencing factors of sleep onset delay include body and object use, food texture selectivity and pica.

Objective:To investigate the effect of endometriosis (EMT) on oocytes, embryo quality and pregnancy and delivery outcomes in infertility patients treated with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to select the EMT patients (383 cases, EMT group) and the infertility patients with tubal factor (1 613 cases, control group) who underwent IVF/ICSI-ET treatment in the Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2016 to December 2023. The cases were matched with the number of age, body mass index, anti-Müllerian hormone, proportion of infertility type, duration of infertility, ovulation stimulating therapy, insemination mode, number of previous IVF/ICSI cycles of the two groups by 1∶1 propensity score matching. Totally 285 patients with EMT and 285 patients in control group were finally included to analyze the effects of EMT on embryo quality and pregnancy outcome.Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of gonadotropin (Gn) used, the total dosage and the initiating dosage of Gn used, and the levels of estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone on the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection day between the two groups (all P>0.05). 2) The total number of oocytes (7.48±5.15), the number of MⅡ oocytes (6.38±4.61), the number of transferable embryos (4.16±3.16), the number of high-quality embryos [2.00 (0.00, 3.00)] and the rate of two pronuclei (2PN) high-quality embryos [42.33% (602/1 422)] in EMT group were all lower than those in control group [8.45±4.86, P=0.021; 7.32±4.43, P=0.013; 4.95±3.19, P=0.003; 2.00 (1.00, 4.00), P=0.002; 48.76% (747/1 532), P=0.032], the differences were statistically significant. 3) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, embryo implantation rate, premature birth rate, early abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, male/female ratio, number of weeks of delivery and cesarean section rate between the two groups with fresh cycle transplantation and with embryo freezing in fresh cycle and embryo transferred in the first resuscitation cycle (all P>0.05), the live birth rate of EMT patients with fresh cycle transplantation [29.71% (41/138)] was lower than that of control group [48.90% (89/182), P=0.023], and the difference was statistically significant. 4) EMT was not an independent factor of clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate after IVF/ICSI treatment, but age and number of embryos transferred were independent factors of clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of IVF/ICSI treatment ( OR=0.923, 95% CI: 0.868-0.982, P=0.011; OR=0.890, 95% CI: 0.832-0.952, P=0.001; OR=2.408, 95% CI: 1.331-4.356, P=0.004; OR=3.838, 95% CI: 1.869-7.879, P<0.001). Conclusion:EMT may reduce the number of oocytes and MⅡ oocytes in infertility patients treated with IVF/ICSI-ET, and the quality of embryos in patients with EMT treated with IVF is worse, but it does not affect the clinical pregnancy outcome and delivery outcome in patients with EMT.

Objective:To investigate the effect of endometriosis (EMT) on oocytes, embryo quality and pregnancy and delivery outcomes in infertility patients treated with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to select the EMT patients (383 cases, EMT group) and the infertility patients with tubal factor (1 613 cases, control group) who underwent IVF/ICSI-ET treatment in the Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2016 to December 2023. The cases were matched with the number of age, body mass index, anti-Müllerian hormone, proportion of infertility type, duration of infertility, ovulation stimulating therapy, insemination mode, number of previous IVF/ICSI cycles of the two groups by 1∶1 propensity score matching. Totally 285 patients with EMT and 285 patients in control group were finally included to analyze the effects of EMT on embryo quality and pregnancy outcome.Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of gonadotropin (Gn) used, the total dosage and the initiating dosage of Gn used, and the levels of estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone on the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection day between the two groups (all P>0.05). 2) The total number of oocytes (7.48±5.15), the number of MⅡ oocytes (6.38±4.61), the number of transferable embryos (4.16±3.16), the number of high-quality embryos [2.00 (0.00, 3.00)] and the rate of two pronuclei (2PN) high-quality embryos [42.33% (602/1 422)] in EMT group were all lower than those in control group [8.45±4.86, P=0.021; 7.32±4.43, P=0.013; 4.95±3.19, P=0.003; 2.00 (1.00, 4.00), P=0.002; 48.76% (747/1 532), P=0.032], the differences were statistically significant. 3) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, embryo implantation rate, premature birth rate, early abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, male/female ratio, number of weeks of delivery and cesarean section rate between the two groups with fresh cycle transplantation and with embryo freezing in fresh cycle and embryo transferred in the first resuscitation cycle (all P>0.05), the live birth rate of EMT patients with fresh cycle transplantation [29.71% (41/138)] was lower than that of control group [48.90% (89/182), P=0.023], and the difference was statistically significant. 4) EMT was not an independent factor of clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate after IVF/ICSI treatment, but age and number of embryos transferred were independent factors of clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of IVF/ICSI treatment ( OR=0.923, 95% CI: 0.868-0.982, P=0.011; OR=0.890, 95% CI: 0.832-0.952, P=0.001; OR=2.408, 95% CI: 1.331-4.356, P=0.004; OR=3.838, 95% CI: 1.869-7.879, P<0.001). Conclusion:EMT may reduce the number of oocytes and MⅡ oocytes in infertility patients treated with IVF/ICSI-ET, and the quality of embryos in patients with EMT treated with IVF is worse, but it does not affect the clinical pregnancy outcome and delivery outcome in patients with EMT.

【Objective】 To genetically analyze the D^el sample from a blood donor in Jiangyin and make clear the molecular basis of the serological phenotype. 【Methods】 The EDTA anticoagulant blood were collected: buffy coat were used for nucleic acid extract and cDNA analysis; red blood cells for serological test. Tube method and microcolumn gel were used for serological test. Genotyping kit were used for exon analysis. Gene mutation was analyzed using the sequence analyzer. 【Results】 Serological analysis demonstrated the sample′s RhD phenotype was D^el. The phenotype of RhCE was CCEe. Real-time fluorescence quota PCR result demonstrated the existence of all exones. Weak D15 and RHD^* DEL1 [RHD(1227G>A)], which had a high frequency of occurrence in China, were excluded according to real-time fluorescence quota PCR result. Sequence analyzing result verified RHD(28C>T) SNP mutation in cDNA. The genotype of this sample was RHD^*01 W. 61[RHD(28C>T)]. 【Conclusion】 A weak D61 was found among blood donors in our city, Jiangyin.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE). METHODS: This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE. RESULTS: This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.

Objective:To provide accurate eye position data for the system design of helmet mounted display by studying the eye position distribution and anthropometric items of pilots' head and face.Methods:The head and face data of 372 Chinese male fighter pilots were captured by a non-contact 3D scanning system to build cloud models. By noise cutting and mending processing each head and face model was built with same template mesh and unified anatomical coordinate system. The eye position design was defined according to monocular or binocular display. The positions (core of pupils) of left and right eyes and 12 anthropometric items were calculated from the 3D models.Results:The database of 372 fighter pilots′ head and face 3D models was established and it included 12 anthropometric items such as the coordinates of left and right eyes position, inter pupillary distance and vertex-pupil height.Conclusions:Based on 3D scanning technology, the distribution of eye locations (designed eye position and eye box) of pilots were built under the human head anatomical coordinate system and related anthropometric items of head and face are obtained, which could be used as the data foundation for designing pilot′s helmet mounted display system.

Objective:To provide accurate eye position data for the system design of helmet mounted display by studying the eye position distribution and anthropometric items of pilots' head and face.Methods:The head and face data of 372 Chinese male fighter pilots were captured by a non-contact 3D scanning system to build cloud models. By noise cutting and mending processing each head and face model was built with same template mesh and unified anatomical coordinate system. The eye position design was defined according to monocular or binocular display. The positions (core of pupils) of left and right eyes and 12 anthropometric items were calculated from the 3D models.Results:The database of 372 fighter pilots′ head and face 3D models was established and it included 12 anthropometric items such as the coordinates of left and right eyes position, inter pupillary distance and vertex-pupil height.Conclusions:Based on 3D scanning technology, the distribution of eye locations (designed eye position and eye box) of pilots were built under the human head anatomical coordinate system and related anthropometric items of head and face are obtained, which could be used as the data foundation for designing pilot′s helmet mounted display system.

Objective:To propose and verify a surgical classification system for the axial primary malignant and aggressive benign tumor.Methods:The CZH surgical classification system was originally developed for the axial primary malignant and aggressive benign tumor. The CZH surgical classification system includes seven types, according to the anatomic features and the extension of tumor violation. A total of 136 patients (79 males and 57 females) with axial primary malignant and aggressive benign tumor from multiple tertiary centers who received surgery from July 2006 to July 2019 were included. The average age was 44.40±17.55 years (8-83 years) old. There were 99 malignant tumors and 37 aggressive benign tumors included. The number of patients with each classification was presented as followed, Type I 13, Type II 15, Type IIIa 3, Type IIIb 20, Type IVa 43, Type IVb 12, Type Va 21, Type Vb 3, Type VI 2, Type VIIa 3 and Type VIIb 1. Surgical procedures were selected according to different types in classification. The inter- and intra-observer consistencies were evaluated by the Kendall's W test. The VAS, Frankel score, overall survival and recurrence free survival were recorded during the follow-up. Results:The inter- and intra-observer consistent coefficient was 0.973 and 0.996, respectively ( P<0.05). The single posterior approach was adopted for the Type II tumors. Other patients underwent surgery by the combined antero-posterior approach. The majority in anterior approach (113 cases) was the modified submandibular approach. The reconstruction modes included anterior "T" shape titanium mesh (112 cases) or the 3D printed prothesis (7 cases) combined with the posterior occipto-cervical fusion (92 cases) or the pedicle screw system (44 cases). The average surgical duration and the volume of intraoperative bleeding was 348.40±136.14 min (60-760 min) and 1 225.69±859.40 ml (80-4 000 ml), respectively. The operation duration and volume of intraoperative bleeding among each type were with statistical difference. The patients with Type IV, V tumors had longer operation duration than those with Type II tumors. Those with Type V and VII tumors had longer operation duration than those with Type I tumors. The patients with Type V tumors had more intraoperative bleeding than those with Type I-IV tumors. The average preoperative VAS score was 4.15±2.25 and then was reduced significantly to 0.62±0.71 and 0.38±0.59 at one and three months after operation, respectively. The Frankel score was also significantly ameliorated at one and three months postoperatively. There were 22 postoperative complications (16.2%). The complications included cerebral spinal fluid leak (12.5%), dysphagia and/or dysphonia (7.4%), dyspnea (5.1%), wound infection (3.7%), wound hemorrhage (2.2%) and pharyngeal dehiscence (1.5%). The incidence of postoperative complication was 25.9% in Type IV-VII tumors, while 11.8% in Type I-III tumors. Conclusion:CZH surgical classification system was verified with high observer consistency. This classification system could assist surgeons to select proper surgical approaches, resection modes and reconstruction modes, and thus ensure the safety of surgery and reduce the recurrence. The tumors in Type IV, V and VII may be with more challenging for surgeons. The incidence of postoperative complication in Type IV-VII tumors may be higher than that in Type I-III tumors.