[Purpose]To evaluate the liver and kidney safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds in the treatment of gastric cancer.[Methods]The clinical data of gastric cancer patients who attended in Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to February 2022 were collected.The results of liver and renal func-tion tests were rated according to National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Ad-verse Events(NCI-CTCAE)V5.0.The patients were divided into 4 groups:TCM group,TCM+chemotherapy/targeted/antivascular therapy group,TCM+TCM preparation group and TCM+chemotherapy/targeted/antivascular therapy+TCM preparation group,and the effects of TCM on liver and renal functions were analyzed.[Results]A total of 7 943 patients were included in the analysis,of which 2 941 cases receiving TCM ≥12 months,1 468 months ≥36 months,and 687 months≥60 months.The highest incidence rate of liver function abnormality was 13.71％,the highest in-cidence rate of grade 3/4 abnormality was 2.58％;the highest incidence of creatinine abnormality was 2.32％,the highest incidence rate of grade 3/4 abnormality was 0.37％in patients with differ-ent duration of taking TCM.Most of liver and renal function abnormalities occurred in the early stage of drug taking.The incidence of liver and renal function abnormalities in the TCM group was lower than that of the other three groups.The incidence of grade 3/4 abnormality for direct biliru-bin(DBIL)in the TCM group was 0.14％,for aspartate transaminase(AST)was 0.11％,for alka-line phosphatase(ALP)was 0.16％,for alanine aminotransferase(ALT)was 0.06％and for total bilirubin(TBIL)was 0.07％,and there was no grade 3/4 creatinine abnormality observed.The ab-normal liver and renal function indexes were not increased with the increase of the length of herbal medicine taking.[Conclusion]The study shows that long term taking TCM drugs and stan-dardized prescriptions for gastric cancer patients are safe.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of early precise lower limb weight-bearing functional rehabilitation after open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures.Methods:A restropective multi-center study was conducted to enroll the eligible 120 patients with malleolar fracture who received the same surgical treatment from March 2023 to December 2023 at the trauma centers in 7 tertiary hospitals according to the inclusion criteria. They were assigned into a study group ( n=60) for precise lower limb weight-bearing functional rehabilitation with the assistance of intelligent lower limb walking rehabilitation crutches and a control group ( n=60) for conventional weight-bearing functional rehabilitation which was gradually increased according to their own feelings under the protection of a walking boot. All the 60 patients in the study group completed their final follow-ups. They were 25 males and 35 females, with an age of (43.8±16.6) years and a body mass index of (25.3±2.3) kg/m 2. Only 51 patients in the control group completed their final follow-ups. They were 27 males and 24 females, with an age of (45.1±16.4) years and a body mass index of (24.7±2.3) kg/m 2. When their incisions healed and their sutures were removed 2 weeks after operation, the patients were guided to start lower limb weight-bearing functional rehabilitation, and exercises for foot and ankle joint mobility and lower limb muscles. The end point of follow-up was 12 weeks after operation. The 2 groups were compared in terms of the crutch-off rates, thigh circumferences, calf circumferences, dorsiflexions, plantarflexions, ankle swellings, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scores, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at 6 and 12 weeks after operation. The complications were also recorded in the 2 groups. Results:No statistically significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). At 6 and 12 weeks after operation, the crutch-off rates [41.7% (25/60) and 100.0% (60/60)], dorsiflexions (69.3%±21.6% and 82.9%±26.3%) and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores [(68.5±7.6) points and (96.9±3.7) points] in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group [13.7% (7/51) and 39.2% (20/51), 61.5%±16.5% and 72.0%±14.3%, (61.9±9.3) points and (90.1±7.2) points] ( P<0.05). At 6 weeks after operation, the thigh circumference (97.4%±1.9%), calf circumference (97.3%±1.9%), and plantarflexion (76.6%±19.8%) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (95.9%±2.5%, 94.6%±3.2%, and 63.9%±16.9%) ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in ankle swelling at 6 or 12 weeks after operation, or thigh or calf circumference, plantarflexion, or VAS pain score at 12 weeks after operation ( P>0.05). No wound complications, secondary fracture displacement, or loosening of internal fixation occurred in either group during the follow-up period. There were no cases of nonunion or delayed union. Conclusions:Early lower limb weight-bearing functional rehabilitation after open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures demonstrates good safety. Precise weight-bearing rehabilitation accelerates functional recovery of the ankle, enabling earlier return to normal daily activities.

When bacteria inhabit an unfavorable environment, they adapt by forming small colony variants (SCVs) under selective pressure, resulting in a slow-growing subpopulation with distinct phenotypic and pathogenic characteristics. Phenotypically, SCVs exhibit a slow growth rate, atypical colony morphology, and unusual biochemical traits. Clinically, SCVs demonstrate reduced susceptibility to antibiotics and can persistently proliferate within the host environment as potential pathogens, posing a significant challenge for the treatment of associated infections. This paper analyzes the phenotypic, genetic, and clinical characteristics of SCVs to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SCV infections.

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis as its pathological basis. Although current therapeutic drugs can alleviate symptoms， they are often accompanied by a high risk of side effects. In recent years， the use of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of RA has garnered significant attention. Studies have shown that the mechanisms by which flavonoids treat RA include inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory factors， regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways， alleviating oxidative stress， modulating immune system functions， inhibiting bone destruction， and suppressing angiogenesis. Due to their notable anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and immunomodulatory activities， flavonoids hold promise as potential therapeutic agents for RA. A substantial number of articles in this field have been published. By reviewing Chinese and international literature and applying bibliometric and visual analysis using CiteSpace， this paper explored research hotspots and frontiers in this field， systematically reviewed the structures and anti-RA mechanisms of TCM flavonoids， provided a theoretical basis for their use in RA treatment and clinical applications， and offered new perspectives and references for the discovery of novel TCM-based anti-RA drugs.

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis as its pathological basis. Although current therapeutic drugs can alleviate symptoms， they are often accompanied by a high risk of side effects. In recent years， the use of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of RA has garnered significant attention. Studies have shown that the mechanisms by which flavonoids treat RA include inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory factors， regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways， alleviating oxidative stress， modulating immune system functions， inhibiting bone destruction， and suppressing angiogenesis. Due to their notable anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， and immunomodulatory activities， flavonoids hold promise as potential therapeutic agents for RA. A substantial number of articles in this field have been published. By reviewing Chinese and international literature and applying bibliometric and visual analysis using CiteSpace， this paper explored research hotspots and frontiers in this field， systematically reviewed the structures and anti-RA mechanisms of TCM flavonoids， provided a theoretical basis for their use in RA treatment and clinical applications， and offered new perspectives and references for the discovery of novel TCM-based anti-RA drugs.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(HF-rTMS)applied to the supplementary motor area(SMA)or primary motor cortex(M1)on upper limb function in stroke patients in terms of motor sequence learning.Methods From April,2024 to February,2025,60 inpatients were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital with Nan-jing Medical University.They were randomly assigned into the control group,SMA group and M1 group,with 20 patients in each group.All the groups received medication and conventional rehabilitation.On this basis,SMA group underwent HF-rTMS on the affected side's SMA,while M1 group received HF-rTMS on the affected side's M1 for two weeks.All the groups were measured with motor evoked potentials(MEP),the serial reaction time(RT)task,Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)and modified Barthel Index(MBI)before and after intervention.Results The SMA and M1 groups dropped one case respectively.MEP elicitation rate of the affected side's increased in SMA and M1 groups(P<0.05),and it was better than that in the control group(χ2>4.792,P<0.05).The intra-group effects of RTsequential sequence,FMA-UE and MBI scores were significant(|F|>81.546,P<0.05).The inter-group effects of RTrandom sequence,RTsequential sequence,?RT,and MBI scores were significant(F>3.228,P<0.05).The in-teractive effects of RTrandom sequence,RTsequential sequence,?RT,FMA-UE and MBI scores were significant(|F|>3.520,P>0.05).After intervention,RTsequential sequence,?RT,FMA-UE and MBI scores improved(P<0.05).RTrandom sequence was lower in SMA group than in the control group(P<0.017),RTsequential sequence,?RT,FMA-UE and MBI scores im-proved more in SMA and M1 groups than in the control group(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found between the SMA group and the M1 group(P>0.05).Conclusion HF-rTMS applied to the affected SMA or M1 can activate motor sequence learning and promote the recov-ery of upper limb function in stroke patients.

[Summary]Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)caused a huge medical burden to society and has become an increasingly serious public health problem.Different from steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,Finerenone,as a new non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,has higher selectivity and effectiveness.It can effectively delay the progression of DKD through anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects,reduce urinary protein,and has a low incidence of hyperkalemia and a cardioprotective effect.This article summarizes the benefits of Finerenone in DKD,its advantages over other mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists,and its efficacy in combination with other drugs for the treatment of DKD.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of orexin-A-mediated regulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors for promoting motor function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: Thirty-six newborn SD rats (aged 7-14 days) were randomized into 6 groups (n=6), including a normal control group, a sham-operated group, and 4 SCI groups with daily intrathecal injection of saline, DNQX, orexin-A, or orexin-A+DNQX for 3 consecutive days after PCI. Motor function of the rats were evaluated using blood-brain barrier (BBB) score and inclined plane test 1 day before and at 1, 3, and 7 days after SCI. For patch-clamp experiment, spinal cord slices from newborn rats in the control, sham-operated, SCI, and SCI+orexin groups were prepared, and ventral horn neurons were acutely isolated to determine the reversal potential and dynamic indicators of glutamate receptor-mediated currents under glutamate perfusion. RESULTS: At 3 and 7 days after SCI, the orexin-A-treated rats showed significantly higher BBB scores and grip tilt angles than those with other interventions. Compared with those treated with DNQX alone, the rats receiving the combined treatment with orexin and DNQX had significantly higher BBB scores and grip tilt angles on day 7 after PCI. In the patch-clamp experiment, the ventral horn neurons from SCI rat models exhibited obviously higher reversal potential and greater rise slope of glutamate current with shorter decay time than those from sham-operated and orexin-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Orexin-A promotes motor function recovery in rats after SCI possibly by improving the function of the ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Animals ; Spinal Cord Injuries/drug therapy* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/metabolism* ; Recovery of Function/drug effects* ; Orexins/pharmacology* ; Male ; Female ; Animals, Newborn ; Neuropeptides/pharmacology* ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology*

Objective:To explore the effect of arrhythmia in early and intermediate postoperative stages of the Fontan procedure.Methods:Patients undergoing Fontan procedure at Shanghai Children's Medical Center within 2015 to 2018 were included.Identified data obtained from retrospective，observational dataset including demographic information，patient diagnoses，baseline characteristics，operation details，ECG data，ultrasound cardiograph data，in-hospital medical intervention，in-hospital mortality，out-patient medical intervention，readmission，and complications.Results:Among the 277 children，early arrhythmia occurred in 173 cases（62.5%），medium- and long-term arrhythmia occurred in 35 cases（12.6%），and 69 cases（24.91%）had no arrhythmia，of which only 55 cases（19.9%）needed early intervention with drugs.Malignant arrhythmia was an independent predictor of poor prognosis（ OR 5.835 95% CI 1.738-19.596, P=0.004）.Among all arrhythmia，atrioventricular junction arrhythmia had the highest incidence.During the follow-up，we found that most of the arrhythmia that had occurred in the early postoperative period could return to normal in three months after the operation，while the rhythm gradually stabilized at four years after the operation，the persistent arrhythmia almost no longer returned to normal，and the normal rhythm basically did not recur.For patients who did not develop arrhythmia in the early postoperative period，the peak of new arrhythmia occurred within one year after surgery，and most of them were persistent arrhythmia. Conclusion:The development of an arrhythmia is associated with a heightened risk of subsequent failure of the Fontan circulation，especially malignant arrhythmia.However，the incidence of malignant arrhythmia is not high.In addition，most of the arrhythmias that had occurred in the early postoperative period could return to normal in three months after surgery，and the rhythm gradually stabilized in four years after surgery.While no arrhythmia in the early postoperative period，the peak of new arrhythmia occur within one year after surgery，and most of them are persistent arrhythmia.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer.Methods:The prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. The clinical data of 90 patients undergoing total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer in Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January to December 2022 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group by the method of random number table. Patients underwent 3D or 2D laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer. Observation indicators: (1) grouping of enrolled patients; (2) intra-operative and postoperative situations; (3) feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. Com-parison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of count data between groups wsa conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data between groups was conducted using the nonparametric test. Results:(1) Group of enrolled patients. A total of 90 patients eligible for total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer were selected. There were 56 males and 34 females, aged (61±7)years. All 90 patients were randomly divided into the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group, with 45 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of abdominal surgery, surgical method, tumor site and TNM staging between the two groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations. The operation time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (196±12)minutes and (204±14)minutes, respectively. The digestive tract reconstruction time of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were (81±8)minutes and (87±12)minutes, respectively. There were significant differences in operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time between the two groups ( t=-2.85, -2.43, P<0.05). After surgery, 3 cases of the 3D laparoscopic group experienced complications (1 case of abdominal infection, 2 cases of intestinal obstruction), and 8 cases of the 2D laparoscopic group experienced complications (2 cases of anastomotic leakage, 2 cases of abdominal infection, 4 cases of intestinal obstruction). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups ( χ2=2.59, P>0.05). (3) Feelings of the major surgeon during the operation. After surgery, the major surgeon completed a questionnaire survey. The score of image quality perception of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.73±0.08 and 4.46±0.09, respectively. The score of hand-eye coordination experience of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.60±0.09 and 4.55±0.08, respectively. The score of operation comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group were 4.81±0.05 and 4.62±0.08, respectively. The score of eye comfort of the 3D laparoscopic group and the 2D laparoscopic group 4.49±0.07 and 4.68±0.07, respectively. There were significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=15.04, 2.57, 13.51, -12.88, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with 2D laparoscopy, 3D laparoscopic radical gastrec-tomy of gastric cancer has shorter operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time, does not increase postoperative complications, and has better feelings of the major surgeon in image quality perception, hand-eye coordination experience and operation comfort.