Objective To investigate the patterns of syndrome changes and their possible material basis in mouse models of chronic psychological stress during the modeling process.Methods A chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)method was employed to prepare a model of chronic psychological stress in mice.After 2 weeks of modeling,Xiaoyao powder(XYS group)and Sini powder(SNS group)were administered concurrently with the modeling process.General conditions,behavioral,and biochemical indicators were compared between the modeling mice(M4 and M6 group)and the mice treated for 2 weeks(S4 and X4 group)and 4 weeks(S6 and X6 group)after chronic psychological stress.Results Compared with M4 group mice,body mass,total distance and central distance in the open field test,serum NE concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression were increased in S4 group and X4 group mice,and sugar water preference rate and serum D-xylose concentration were increased in S4 group mice.Compared with X4 group mice,total distance in the open field test and serum D-xylose concentration were increased in the S4 group mice.Compared with M6 group mice,body mass,serum NE concentration,serum D-xylose concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression were increased in group S6 and X6 group mice;sugar water preference rate,total distance in the open field test,and active avoidance counts in the shuttle box test were increased in X6 group mice,while their serum CORT concentration was decreased.Compared with S6 group mice,body mass,total distance in the open field test,serum D-xylose concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression in X6 group mice were increased.Conclusions During the process of modeling chronic psychological stress in mice,the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome evolved from liver qi stagnation to liver qi stagnation with spleen deficiency.The biological bases of the syndrome changes may be the combined changes in serum CORT and NE concentrations and the decrease in gastric Ghrelin levels.

Objective:To construct an in situ pancreatic tumor model in mice and explore the mechanism of neuromedin U (NMU) remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors via the Hedgehog signaling pathway.Methods:C57BL/6 NMU -/- heterozygous mice were bred in one cage with a female-to-male ratio of 2:1. The tail tissues of offspring rats were taken, and knockout primers were designed according to the sequence structure of NMU gene. The C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Five C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygotes and five wild type mice aged 8 to 9 weeks were selected, and Panc02 cell suspension of pancreatic cancer in logarithmic growth phase was injected into pancreatic tail tissue to construct tumor bearing mice model of pancreatic tumor in situ. After 3 weeks of tumor loading, flow cytometry was used to detect the abundance changes of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of two groups of mice. GSE102238 (data published in August 2017) and GSE62452 (data published in July 2016) datasets were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 119 samples of pancreatic cancer tissue and 111 samples of normal pancreatic tissue adjacent to cancer, and the differential expression factors of the two groups of samples were screened. R language limma package was used to analyze the differential expression of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues; the relative expression level of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer patients of different ages and tumor grades was analyzed by ggpubr package. The relative expression level data of NMU mRNA in pancreatic tumor patients were extracted, and the patients were divided into high expression group (>2.48) and low expression group (<2.48) based on the median value (2.48). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the difference in the content of infiltrating immune cells in pancreatic tumors between the two groups of patients. The overall survival of patients with different relative expression levels of NMU mRNA in the OncoLnc database (59 cases in the high expression group and 59 cases in the low expression group) was compared. The data of 178 patients with pancreatic cancer in TCGA-PAAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (updated in March 2024) were download. According to the median value of relative expression of NMU mRNA (2.740), the patients were divided into the high expression group (>2.740) and the low expression group (<2.740), with 89 cases in each group. GSEA software was used to analyze the biological functions and pathways in which the genes enriched significantly. The molecules and key targets for molecular docking were explored using the large molecule protein interaction tool PDBePISA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed using R language data packets. Results:The results of C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes analyzed by using the gel electrophoresis pattern of PCR amplification products of tail tissues showed that the wild type was one 380 bp electrophoretic band, the homozygous type was one 450 bp electrophoretic band, and the heterozygous type was 450 bp and 380 bp electrophoretic bands. After identifying and screening pure strains mouse, reproduction was carried out, and C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygous mice were successfully obtained. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the proportion of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of C57BL/6 NMU -/- wild-type and homozygous pancreatic tumor bearing mice was (30.38±0.37)% and (37.00±0.48)%, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t = 9.79, P < 0.001). The absolute values of CD8 + T cells were (8.36±0.27)×10 4 and (10.20±0.28)×10 4, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.71, P = 0.013). In the GEO database GSE102238 and GSE62452 datasets, there were differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues, including 219 up-regulated genes and 325 down-regulated genes in pancreatic cancer tissues; among them, NMU was an upregulated differentially expressed gene. The relative expression of NMU mRNA in patients aged > 65 year or grade G3-G4 was higher than that in patients aged ≤ 65 years or grade G1-G2, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The analysis results of CIBERSORT algorithm showed that the expression abundance of CD8 + T cells, initial CD4 + T cells, activated memory CD4 + T cells, and γδ T cells in the high expression group of NMU was lower than that in the low expression group (all P < 0.05). The overall survival of the high expression group of NMU was worse than that of the low expression group in the OncoLnc database ( P = 0.010). GSEA enrichment analysis and Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant changes in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, which affected tumor metabolic remodeling. Conclusions:NMU may remodel the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer by regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) provides key support for clinical decision-making through rapid detection. This article introduces the development background of POCT in the field of pre-hospital emergency, as well as the development status of POCT in Hangzhou City, and analyzes the problems of quality management. Pre-hospital emergency medical institutions in Hangzhou City have been equipped with POCT equipment, and the test items include blood glucose, cardiac troponin, etc. The implementation rates of internal quality control, comparison test, and proficiency testing were 58.2%, 50.3% and 42.6%, respectively. POCT quality management has problems such as unclear responsibility subjects, insufficient professional personnel, and a lack of standardization of the process. It is proposed to build a hierarchical collaborative management system, strengthen the double access mechanism of personnel and equipment, implement the whole process quality control, and build a digital management platform, so as to provide the reference for the high-quality development of POCT in pre-hospital medical emergency institutions.

Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of occupational stress, job burnout and sleep quality among workers in the secondary industry in Jinshan District, Shanghai City. Methods A total of 1 418 workers from six key industries in Jinshan District, Shanghai City were selected as the study subjects by the stratified cluster sampling method. The Occupational Stress Core Scale, Maslash Burnout Inventory General Survey and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to investigate occupational stress, job burnout and sleep quality of the workers. Results The detection rates of occupational stress, job burnout and sleep disturbance among the study subjects were 33.6%, 65.4% and 23.3%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the workers with a monthly income <5 000 yuan had a higher risk of occupational stress than those with a monthly income ≥5 000 yuan (P<0.01). The workers with ≥5.0 years of service had a higher risk than those with <1.0 year (P<0.05). Lack of physical exercise, employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises, and shift work were risk factors of occupational stress in the workers (all P<0.01). The workers aged 18-<30 years had a higher risk of job burnout than those aged 45-<60 years (P<0.05). The workers monthly income <5 000 yuan was associated with a higher risk of job burnout than those with ≥9 000 yuan (P<0.05). The workers with 1.0-<10.0 years or ≥15.0 years of service had higher job burnout risks than those with <1.0 year (all P<0.05). Being unmarried, lack of physical exercise, and employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises were risk factor of job burnout in the workers (all P<0.05). The workers with an educational level of high school or above had a higher risk of sleep disturbance than those with junior school or below (P<0.05). The workers who work >56 hours per week had a higher risk than those working ≤40 hours per week (P<0.01). Conclusion There is a high detection rate of occupational stress, job burnout, and sleep disturbance in the secondary industry workers in Jinshan District, Shanghai City. Special attention should be given to workers with low income, lack of physical exercise, employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises, shift work, long service duration, and long weekly working hours to protect their physical and mental health.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Heilongjiang province, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of TBE.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of TBE were systematically analyzed by the data of TBE cases reported in Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System.Results:A total of 1 127 TBE cases were reported from 2006 to 2020. The average age was 45.8 year, and the case fatality rate was 1.2%. Most TBE cases occurred from April to August, with a peak in June.Conclusions:This research elucidated the epidemiological characteristics of TBE in Heilongjiang province, and provides important basic data for the disease prevention and control.

The development of bio-psycho-social medical models has focused attention on the impact of chronic psychological stress on diseases.Chronic psychological stress falls within the category of emotional etiology in traditional Chinese medicine.This paper systematically reviews research progress into the chronic psychological stress-related combination of disease and syndrome,and analyzes the advantages and limitations of different models.We also provide insights into the direction and improvements of future research into chronic psychological stress-related disease pattern models.

Objective To investigate the patterns of syndrome changes and their possible material basis in mouse models of chronic psychological stress during the modeling process.Methods A chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)method was employed to prepare a model of chronic psychological stress in mice.After 2 weeks of modeling,Xiaoyao powder(XYS group)and Sini powder(SNS group)were administered concurrently with the modeling process.General conditions,behavioral,and biochemical indicators were compared between the modeling mice(M4 and M6 group)and the mice treated for 2 weeks(S4 and X4 group)and 4 weeks(S6 and X6 group)after chronic psychological stress.Results Compared with M4 group mice,body mass,total distance and central distance in the open field test,serum NE concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression were increased in S4 group and X4 group mice,and sugar water preference rate and serum D-xylose concentration were increased in S4 group mice.Compared with X4 group mice,total distance in the open field test and serum D-xylose concentration were increased in the S4 group mice.Compared with M6 group mice,body mass,serum NE concentration,serum D-xylose concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression were increased in group S6 and X6 group mice;sugar water preference rate,total distance in the open field test,and active avoidance counts in the shuttle box test were increased in X6 group mice,while their serum CORT concentration was decreased.Compared with S6 group mice,body mass,total distance in the open field test,serum D-xylose concentration,and gastric Ghrelin expression in X6 group mice were increased.Conclusions During the process of modeling chronic psychological stress in mice,the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome evolved from liver qi stagnation to liver qi stagnation with spleen deficiency.The biological bases of the syndrome changes may be the combined changes in serum CORT and NE concentrations and the decrease in gastric Ghrelin levels.

The development of bio-psycho-social medical models has focused attention on the impact of chronic psychological stress on diseases.Chronic psychological stress falls within the category of emotional etiology in traditional Chinese medicine.This paper systematically reviews research progress into the chronic psychological stress-related combination of disease and syndrome,and analyzes the advantages and limitations of different models.We also provide insights into the direction and improvements of future research into chronic psychological stress-related disease pattern models.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Heilongjiang province, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of TBE.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of TBE were systematically analyzed by the data of TBE cases reported in Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System.Results:A total of 1 127 TBE cases were reported from 2006 to 2020. The average age was 45.8 year, and the case fatality rate was 1.2%. Most TBE cases occurred from April to August, with a peak in June.Conclusions:This research elucidated the epidemiological characteristics of TBE in Heilongjiang province, and provides important basic data for the disease prevention and control.

Objective:To construct an in situ pancreatic tumor model in mice and explore the mechanism of neuromedin U (NMU) remodeling the metabolic microenvironment of pancreatic tumors via the Hedgehog signaling pathway.Methods:C57BL/6 NMU -/- heterozygous mice were bred in one cage with a female-to-male ratio of 2:1. The tail tissues of offspring rats were taken, and knockout primers were designed according to the sequence structure of NMU gene. The C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. Five C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygotes and five wild type mice aged 8 to 9 weeks were selected, and Panc02 cell suspension of pancreatic cancer in logarithmic growth phase was injected into pancreatic tail tissue to construct tumor bearing mice model of pancreatic tumor in situ. After 3 weeks of tumor loading, flow cytometry was used to detect the abundance changes of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of two groups of mice. GSE102238 (data published in August 2017) and GSE62452 (data published in July 2016) datasets were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 119 samples of pancreatic cancer tissue and 111 samples of normal pancreatic tissue adjacent to cancer, and the differential expression factors of the two groups of samples were screened. R language limma package was used to analyze the differential expression of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues; the relative expression level of NMU mRNA in pancreatic cancer patients of different ages and tumor grades was analyzed by ggpubr package. The relative expression level data of NMU mRNA in pancreatic tumor patients were extracted, and the patients were divided into high expression group (>2.48) and low expression group (<2.48) based on the median value (2.48). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the difference in the content of infiltrating immune cells in pancreatic tumors between the two groups of patients. The overall survival of patients with different relative expression levels of NMU mRNA in the OncoLnc database (59 cases in the high expression group and 59 cases in the low expression group) was compared. The data of 178 patients with pancreatic cancer in TCGA-PAAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (updated in March 2024) were download. According to the median value of relative expression of NMU mRNA (2.740), the patients were divided into the high expression group (>2.740) and the low expression group (<2.740), with 89 cases in each group. GSEA software was used to analyze the biological functions and pathways in which the genes enriched significantly. The molecules and key targets for molecular docking were explored using the large molecule protein interaction tool PDBePISA. Spearman correlation analysis was performed using R language data packets. Results:The results of C57BL/6 NMU -/- mouse genotypes analyzed by using the gel electrophoresis pattern of PCR amplification products of tail tissues showed that the wild type was one 380 bp electrophoretic band, the homozygous type was one 450 bp electrophoretic band, and the heterozygous type was 450 bp and 380 bp electrophoretic bands. After identifying and screening pure strains mouse, reproduction was carried out, and C57BL/6 NMU -/- homozygous mice were successfully obtained. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the proportion of CD8 + T cells in the spleen tissues of C57BL/6 NMU -/- wild-type and homozygous pancreatic tumor bearing mice was (30.38±0.37)% and (37.00±0.48)%, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t = 9.79, P < 0.001). The absolute values of CD8 + T cells were (8.36±0.27)×10 4 and (10.20±0.28)×10 4, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.71, P = 0.013). In the GEO database GSE102238 and GSE62452 datasets, there were differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues, including 219 up-regulated genes and 325 down-regulated genes in pancreatic cancer tissues; among them, NMU was an upregulated differentially expressed gene. The relative expression of NMU mRNA in patients aged > 65 year or grade G3-G4 was higher than that in patients aged ≤ 65 years or grade G1-G2, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The analysis results of CIBERSORT algorithm showed that the expression abundance of CD8 + T cells, initial CD4 + T cells, activated memory CD4 + T cells, and γδ T cells in the high expression group of NMU was lower than that in the low expression group (all P < 0.05). The overall survival of the high expression group of NMU was worse than that of the low expression group in the OncoLnc database ( P = 0.010). GSEA enrichment analysis and Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant changes in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, which affected tumor metabolic remodeling. Conclusions:NMU may remodel the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer by regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway.