To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

Advance care planning(ACP)is designed to ensure that patients lacking autonomous decision-making capacity receive medical services in accordance with their expectations and preferences.Individuals with advanced cancer are a crucial target for ACP implementation.However,the current practice of ACP in this group in China is suboptimal,demanding high-quality implementation evidence to strengthen ACP in the clinical practice of patients with advanced cancer.The existing literature can be summarized into 27 pieces of evidence across 7 dimensions,including initiation time,intervention content,intervention providers,intervention modalities,communication skills,outcome indicators,and environmental support.The aforementioned evidence could provide crucial support for improving ACP implementation for patients with advanced cancer.Subsequent research efforts should integrate patient preferences and explore the most suitable implementation strategies for ACP in the Chinese population with advanced cancer,considering diverse aspects such as traditional culture,ACP education and training,legislative support,and healthcare system refinement.

Objective To study the clinical and CT findings of bronchiolar adenoma. Methods Patients diagnosed with bronchiolar adenoma confirmed by surgical pathology at Linyi People's Hospital and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from 2016 to 2021 were collected. Their clinical and CT imaging features were retrospectively analyzed. Results Finally, 25 patients were collected, including 6 males and 19 females, aged 32-73 (58.6±10.1) years. The immunohistochemical Ki-67 (MIB1) of all lesions was <5%. The lesions were located in the upper and middle lobe of both lungs in 9 patients, lower lobes in 16 patients, extrapulmonary zone in 22 patients, intrapulmonary middle zone in 3 patients, round in 11 patients, irregular in 14 patients, well-defined in 22 patients, pure ground-glass/mixed ground-glass nodules in 6 patients, solid nodules in 19 patients. There were 11 patients with central small cavity, 18 patients with single bronchioles sign, 19 patients without adhesion with adjacent pleura, and 24 patients without mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Conclusion Bronchiolar adenomas usually occur in the middle-aged and elderly, mostly in the lower lobe of both lungs and the distribution of the peripheral lung field, most of the patients do not have any clinical symptoms, and the postoperative prognosis is good. CT may show large nodules or masses, pure ground-glass/mixed ground-glass nodules, irregular solid nodules and central small cavities. Irregular stellate nodules, central small cavity shadow, and single bronchiolar vascular bundle connected with the lesions are relatively specific imaging findings of bronchiolar adenoma.

Objective To analyze the problems found in the on-site quality assessment of occupational medical examination (OME) institutions in Guangdong Province. Methods A total of 150 OME institutions were selected as the research subjects from Guangdong Province in 2023 using a random number table method. The on-site quality assessment was conducted by listening to reports, meeting discussion, on-site inspection, data review and human-machine assessment. The relevant assessment results were analyzed. Results Occupational disease prevention and treatment institutes (institutes, centers) and disease control and prevention centers (hereinafter referred to as "occupational prevention institutions"), public hospitals, and private institutions accounted for 8.7%, 51.3%, and 40.0% respectively. The top three categories of registered inspections were physical factors, chemical factors and dust, accounted for 98.0%, 96.7% and 96.0%, respectively, among the 150 OME institutions. A total of 1 063 rectification items were identified, and the average number of rectification items identified per occupational prevention institutions, public hospitals and private institutions was four, six and nine, respectively. The rectification rates of the four modules of quality assessment from high to low were OME work quality control, quality management system, organizational structure, and OME information reporting, accounted for 53.2%, 23.3%, 13.7% and 9.7%, respectively. The coincidence rate from high to low of occupational reporting of noise-exposure, dust-exposure, and other hazard-exposure was 92.5%, 91.1%, and 93.4%, respectively. The on-site failure rate of quality control director, technical director, chief physician, pneumoconiosis film reader, audiometry reader and pulmonary function examination operator accounted for 15.3%, 12.7%, 8.0%, 6.7%, 6.0% and 2.7%, respectively. Institutions capable of conducting registered and partially registered OME accounted for 90.7% and 6.0%, respectively. The five institutions that were unable to conduct registered OME were private institutions. A total of five private institutions were found to be suspected of illegal and irregular activities. Conclusion The problems of OME in the on-site quality assessment of OME institutions in Guangdong Province were mainly quality control. Private institutions had more prominent problems in various aspects. It is necessary to strengthen the training of key personnel such as technical directors, quality control directors, and chief physicians.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the impaction of posterior wall on the prognosis following open reduction and internal fixation for fractures of acetabular posterior wall.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data from the 83 patients with fracture of acetabular posterior wall who had been consecutively treated by open reduction and internal fixation at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on involvement of posterior wall impaction. In the impaction group of 33 cases, there were 26 males and 7 females with an age of (47.4±11.6) years; in the non-impaction group of 50 cases, there were 43 males and 7 females with an age of (41.3±12.0) years. The quality of postoperative fracture reduction, the function of the affected hip at the last follow-up, and the complication rate during follow-up were compared between the 2 groups. Multifactorial binary logistic regression and age subgroups were used to analyze the effects of posterior wall impaction on functional outcomes.Results:The age, rate of associated injuries in other body parts, and rate of posterior wall comminution in the impaction group were significantly higher than those in the non-impaction group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in other general data of patients between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for (44.5±13.3) months after surgery. The rate of anatomical reduction in the non-impaction group (96.0%, 48/50) was significantly higher than that in the impaction group (57.6%, 19/33) ( P<0.05), and the good and excellent rate by the modified Merle d'Aubigné & Postel scale at the last follow-up in the non-impaction group (84.0%, 42/50) was significantly higher than that in the impaction group (51.5%, 17/33) ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). After adjusting for age and gender, the difference in hip function was still significantly different between the 2 groups ( OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.79, P=0.020). The effect of posterior wall impaction on functional outcomes was statistically significant in patients aged ≥50 years ( P=0.008), whereas the difference was not statistically significant in patients aged <50 years ( P=0.194). Conclusions:Compared with non-impaction ones, acetabular fractures of posterior wall impaction tend to lead to poorer quality of reduction, which in turn affects the postoperative recovery of hip joint function. The impact of impaction fractures on functional recovery is more significant in patients aged 50 years and above.

ObjectiveTo establish a managing mode for illegal and irregular acts of occupational medical examination (OME) institutions to the requirements of the new situation. Methods The OME institutions from the “Guangdong Province Key Occupational Disease Monitoring and Management Platform” were selected as the study subjects using the judgment sampling method. The clues of suspected illegal and irregular acts of OME institutions were found and submitted to the local health commission for investigation and managed according to the case information monitoring and on-site quality assessment. The OME institutions found to have illegal and irregular acts were filed and investigated according to the national law after investigation and verification. A “follow-up inspection” was conducted on five OME institutions for closed loop management. Results A total of 12 OME institutions were found to have suspected illegal and irregular acts, including seven institutions that did not meet the filing requirements for effective personnel, five institutions that conducted projects beyond the scope without filing to the provincial health authorities within 15 work days from the start of the project, and two institutions that failed to fulfill the obligation of informing and reporting to the health authorities, employers, and workers as required. After submitting relevant clues and evidence to the local health commission for investigation and management, seven institutions were not given penalty, and five institutions were given administrative penalties including two institutions were fined and warned, and three institutions were warned. No illegal or irregular acts were found in the five institutions inspected during the “follow-up inspection”. Conclusion It is beneficial to explore the managing mode of “clue discovery, clue submission, investigation and disposal, follow-up inspection” for OME institutions suspected of illegal and irregular acts, which helps urge OME institutions to work in accordance with laws and regulations and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers' occupational health.

Objective:To compare the long-term clinical outcomes between cannulated screw internal fixation for stable femoral neck fractures and arthroplasty for unstable ones in the elderly patients.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 542 patients with femoral neck fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2015 to April 2017. The 542 patients were divided into 2 groups based on fracture stability and treatment method. In the stable group (Garden type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ, and abduction compression type) of 121 cases who underwent cannulated screw internal fixation, there were 28 males and 93 females with a mean age of (77.6±8.1) years, and 20 cases of type Ⅰ, 101 cases of type Ⅱ, and 34 cases of abduction compression type by the Garden classification. In the unstable group (Garden type Ⅲ, type Ⅳ, and type Ⅱ with a posterior tilt angle >20°) of 421 cases who underwent arthroplasty, there were 130 males and 291 females with a mean age of (78.7 ± 6.9) years, and 14 cases of type Ⅱ, 403 cases of type Ⅲ, and 4 cases of type Ⅳ by the Garden classification. The postoperative mortality, reoperation rate, and mobility at the last follow-up were compared between the 2 groups.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics, except for serum albumin concentration and peripheral white blood cell count at admission, between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). The hospital stay in the stable group [5.0 (4.0, 6.0)d] was significantly shorter than that in the unstable group [6.0 (5.0, 8.0)d], and the follow-up time for the stable group [54.4 (49.3, 58.7) months] significantly longer than that for the unstable group [52.2 (46.0, 59.3) months] ( P<0.05). A total of 158 patients (45 cases in the stable group and 113 cases in the unstable group) were lost to the last follow-up. At the last follow-up, the mortality in the stable group (18.4%, 14/76) was significantly lower than that in the unstable group (31.5%, 97/308), the reoperation rate in the former (15.8%, 12/76) significantly higher than that in the latter (3.6%, 11/308), and the capability of daily activities in the former (by the fracture mobility scoring: level 1 in 35 cases, level 2 in 13 cases, level 3 in 3 cases, level 4 in 2 cases, and level 5 in 1 case) significantly better than that in the latter (level 1 in 99 cases, level 2 in 47 cases, level 3 in 24 cases, level 4 in 22 cases, and level 5 in 5 cases) (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the arthroplasty for unstable femoral neck fractures, cannulated screw internal fixation for stable femoral neck fractures leads to a lower long-term mortality and a better capability of daily activities, but a significantly higher reoperation rate.

Objective : To the effects and potential mechanisms of ST3GAL5 on biological behaviors of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma(BLCA) . Methods : Differentially expressed genes related to bladder cancer were identified using microarray analysis . Suitable bladder cancer cell lines were then screened . In vitro experimental measurements , including CCK8 , EdU , colony formation assays , transwell migration , flow cytometry apoptosis experiments , scratch assay , were used to evaluate the effects of ST3GAL5 on biological behaviors of BLCA . ST3GAL5 gene Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes ( KEGG) , gene set enrichment analysis ( GSEA) were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database . Finally , Western blot technology was used to verify the classical proliferation and metastasis related pathway factors . Results : The combination of bioinformatics analyses and experimental measurements demonstrate that ST3GAL5 expression is aberrantly down⁃regulated in human cell lines of BLCA . Through Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database , HT⁃1376 cell lines were successfully screened for vitro test . Upregulation of ST3GAL5 was found to suppress the malignant biological behaviour of bladder cancer. GSEA enrichment analyses exhibited that ST3GAL5 and its co⁃expressed genes inhibited cell proliferation , invasion and metastasis of bladder urothelial carcinoma by activation of the PPAR pathway and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway . The results of Western blot experiments verified that the key proteins of the PPAR signaling pathway showed a significant increase and the key proteins of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway showed a significant decrease ( P <0. 05) after ST3GAL5 overexpression in bladder cancer. Conclusion ST3GAL5 gene might act as an oncogenic suppressor gene in bladder cancer , possibly inhibit the proliferation , invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by activating the PPAR signaling pathway and inhibiting related molecules in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway .

Objective : To investigation of the interaction between interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and connexin 43 ( Cx43) in bladder contraction and its significance． Methods : Eighty male guinea pigs were randomly divided into blank control group，Glivec group，Gap27 group and Glivec + Gap27 group．Four groups of guinea pigs were per- fused with saline，Glivec，Gap 27，and Glivec + Gap 27 every morning for 2 months．Success of urodynamic testing model after 2 months．Bladder tissue was collected for an in vitro muscle strip test to detect muscle contraction in each group．Correlation between c-Kit and Cx43 was detected by immunofluorescence．The interaction between c- Kit and Cx43 in the bladder was further validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot．Ultrastructural changes in the muscle layer of the bladder were observed by electron microscopy. Results : Urodynamics revealed increased blad- der compliance in the experimental group compared to the blank control group (P＜0. 05) ; bladder compliance increased in the Glivec + Gap27 group compared to the Glivec and Gap27 groups (P＜0. 01) ．In vitro muscle strip experiments revealed that the frequency and tone of bladder muscle strip contractions were lower in the experimental group compared to the blank control group (P＜0. 05) ，and that muscle strip contractions were weaker in the ex- perimental group after administration of acetylcholine (ACH) compared to the control group(P＜0. 05) ．Immuno- fluorescence showed that c-Kit was co-expressed with Cx43 on ICCs cells．qRT-PCR and Western blot suggested that the protein expression level and gene expression level of Cx43 in bladder tissues were lower after inhibition of c-Kit than in the blank control (P＜0. 05) ; after inhibition of Cx43，the protein expression level and gene expres- sion level of c-Kit in bladder tissues the levels of c-Kit protein expression and gene expression in bladder tissues were lower than those in the blank control group (P＜0. 05) ．Electron microscopy revealed that the mitochondrial structure of bladder smooth muscle was disrupted after simultaneous inhibition of c-Kit and Cx43． Conclusion Cx43 is expressed on bladder ICCs and the two may be jointly involved in regulating bladder contractile function ; the joint reduction of Cx43 and c-Kit may have disrupted the mitochondria of bladder smooth muscle，affecting its function and consequently bladder contractile function.