Objective To investigate the correlation of the cumulative exposure of body mass index(BMI)with epicardial adipose tissue(EAT)volume.Methods Based on the Kailuan study cohort,subjects were divided into Q1,Q2 and Q3 according to the cumula-tive BMI exposure level.The generalized linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between different cumulative BMI exposure levels and EAT volume.According to the median of EAT volume(115.83 cm3),EAT volume was defined as increased EAT volume when EAT volume was higher than or equal to the median EAT volume.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between different cumulative BMI exposure levels and increased EAT volume.Results With the increased of cumu-lative BMI exposure level.The EAT volume increased gradually and the risk of increased EAT volume was significantly increased.Conclusion The level of cumulative BMI exposure is significantly correlated with EAT volume.High levels of cumulative BMI exposure lead to an increased risk of increased EAT volume.

The identification of constitutional types in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a crucial component in realizing the concept of"treatment before the onset of disease".In recent years,the"Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire"has been employed as a standardized tool and has achieved notable success in the field of TCM constitution identification.However,there remains scope for further enhancement of its validity and applicability.Techniques for identifying TCM constitutions based on multidimensional phenotypes continue to emerge,yet a universally applicable constitutional determination model has yet to be established.We propose three research and development directions:The self-assessment questionnaires,the non-invasive point-of-care testing models based on TCM constitution phenotype,and the multidimensional phenotype-based constitution identification platforms.By way of an example,we outline specific developmental ideas with a focus on TCM constitution identification technology based on the analysis of exhaled breath.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the cumulative exposure of body mass index(BMI)with epicardial adipose tissue(EAT)volume.Methods Based on the Kailuan study cohort,subjects were divided into Q1,Q2 and Q3 according to the cumula-tive BMI exposure level.The generalized linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between different cumulative BMI exposure levels and EAT volume.According to the median of EAT volume(115.83 cm3),EAT volume was defined as increased EAT volume when EAT volume was higher than or equal to the median EAT volume.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between different cumulative BMI exposure levels and increased EAT volume.Results With the increased of cumu-lative BMI exposure level.The EAT volume increased gradually and the risk of increased EAT volume was significantly increased.Conclusion The level of cumulative BMI exposure is significantly correlated with EAT volume.High levels of cumulative BMI exposure lead to an increased risk of increased EAT volume.

The identification of constitutional types in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a crucial component in realizing the concept of"treatment before the onset of disease".In recent years,the"Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire"has been employed as a standardized tool and has achieved notable success in the field of TCM constitution identification.However,there remains scope for further enhancement of its validity and applicability.Techniques for identifying TCM constitutions based on multidimensional phenotypes continue to emerge,yet a universally applicable constitutional determination model has yet to be established.We propose three research and development directions:The self-assessment questionnaires,the non-invasive point-of-care testing models based on TCM constitution phenotype,and the multidimensional phenotype-based constitution identification platforms.By way of an example,we outline specific developmental ideas with a focus on TCM constitution identification technology based on the analysis of exhaled breath.

Objective:To analyze the common disease spectrum and medication of field medical team in our hospital in summer, and to provide medical and medicinal material supply for field medical team.Methods:The data of all cases of field medical team members during the training period were collected. The types and composition ratio of diseases were analyzed, the drug consumption was counted, and the drug use indicators were calculated including daily drug dose (DDDs), daily drug dose cost (DDDC), drug utilization rate (DUR) and drug ranking ratio (R).Results:During the 12 days of the field training in summer, 77 field medical team members had 91 medical visits and 117 cases of diseases, including 44 males and 33 females, with an average age of 39.7 years. There were 52 cases of respiratory diseases, 21 cases of digestive diseases, 18 cases of mosquito bites and skin diseases, 15 cases of trauma and skeletal muscle system diseases, 5 cases of ophthalmic diseases, 2 cases of neurological diseases, 2 cases of gynecological diseases, 1 case of oral diseases and 1 case of heat stroke. The top five drugs of DDDs and DUR were respiratory drugs, sensory organ drugs, dermatological drugs, antibiotic drugs, digestive system drugs and musculoskeletal system drugs.Conclusions:The disease composition and drug demand of field training in summer have certain characteristics. It is of great guiding significance to know the characteristics of disease incidence and drug consumption of field training for the medical support ability and training tasks for field medical teams in field training in summer.

As the research of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） on knee osteoarthritis （KOA） is progressing， researchers have discovered that a variety of Chinese medicines can delay the progress of KOA by regulating signaling pathways at the molecular level. The Chinese medicines and their active ingredients mentioned in this article are associated with the signaling pathways in KOA. They can regulate the levels of targeted molecules via different signaling pathways to inhibit cartilage inflammatory cytokine， apoptosis， and cartilage matrix degradation and promote chondrocyte autophagy， so as to reduce the synovial inflammatory edema and delay cartilage degeneration. This paper systematically reviews the studies about the TCM intervention of KOA. Baicalein can reduce the inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis and promote the autophagy of chondrocytes by blocking the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase （PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway. Cornuside I can decrease the phosphorylation activity of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （JAK2/STAT3） pathway to reduce synovial inflammation and delay cartilage matrix degeneration. Salvianolic acid A can reduce inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） pathway. Emodin can reduce the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway to inhibit the decomposition of collagen and proteoglycan. Myristicoside can inhibit apoptosis by blocking the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） signaling pathway. Akebia saponin D can enhance the activity of nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1（Nrf2/HO-1） pathway to inhibit oxidative stress in chondrocytes. The saponins in Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix reduce cartilage matrix degradation by enhancing the transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signaling pathway. Crocin inhibits the cartilage inflammation and apoptosis factor increase by stimulating the activity of hippo-Yes-associated protein （Hippo-YAP）. Ligustrazine blocks the Notch pathway to improve the morphology and abnormality of chondrocytes. Oleanolic acid reduces the destruction and degeneration of cartilage matrix via the estrogen signaling pathway. The above summary aims to provide references for future clinical and experimental research on KOA.

In order to study the involatile chemical components in Moutai-flavored distiller’s grains, the Moutai-flavored distiller’s grains were extracted with 75% ethanol, followed by extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Silica gel, ODS, sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC were used to separate and identify the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate layers.ESI-MS and NMR were used to identify the compounds, which were respectively identified as pentadecanoic acid (1), palmitic acid (2), trans-2-decenoic acid (3), n-nonyl octadecanoate (4), ethyl octadecanoate (5), ethyl linoleate (6), luric acid (7), 1, 3-dicaprylyl-2-linoleylglycerin (8), cyclic (phenylalanine-proline) (9), cyclo-(proline-leucine) (10), 3, 6-bis-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5-dione piperazine (11), 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (12), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (13), stigmasterol (14), 2-furancarboxylic acid (15), valine (16), L-alanine acyl-L-proline (17), dihydroquercetin (18), 5, 7, 3'', 4''-tetrahydroxyflavonoids (19), quercetin (20), and naringenin (21). Compounds 1-21 were isolated from distiller’s grains for the first time.

bjective? To compare the appLication effects of power peripheraLLy inserted centraL catheter saLine onLy Locking option (Power PICC SOLO) and power PICC among chemotherapy patients in department of oncoLogy. Methods? Patients who were pLaced in the PICC of the First AffiLiated HospitaL of Zhengzhou University from January to November 2017 were randomLy divided into groups. Among them, 76 patients with Power PICC SOLO were incLuded in the observation group,80 patients with Power PICC were incLuded in the controL group. We compared the incidence of PICC reLated compLications, comfort, expenses of maintaining catheter and retention time of patients between two groups. ResuLts? There were statisticaL differences in the incidence of catheter obstruction and skin injury, comfort as weLL as maintenance time of patients between two groups (P＜ 0.05). ConcLusions? Power PICC SOLO is with the Low incidence of compLications, maintenance cost and high comfort of patients, and saves the maintenance time and reduce nurses' workLoad which is can be worthy of generaLized and appLied among cancer patients with chemotherapy.

Objective To assess the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA).Methods A retrospective analyse was made from the contrast-enhanced ultrasonic features of 42 PA and 8 CXPA.The features included tumor size,echotexture,boundary,shape and blood flow richness on conventional US imaging and rise time (RT),time to peak (TP),peak intensity(PI),time from peak to one half(HT),mean transit time (MTT),and area under the curve(AUC) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Results All of PA and CXPA were hypoechoic,but there was no difference between them in shape and blood flow richness (P ＞0.05).37.5％ CXPA has hetergeneous echotexture with the presence of anechoic area,but it appeared in only 4.8％ PA(P ＜0.05).The following findings were observed from a perfusion kinetics of CEUS in all of PA and CXPA:slow in,centripetal,heterogeneous enhancement,with no enhancement area.Well-defined margins were presented in 42 PA and in 7 CXPA(P ＜0.05).Their time-intensity curves showed RT,TP,HT and MTT in CXPA group were obviously higher than those in the PA group(P ＜0.05).However there was no statistical difference in PI and AUC between both groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Conventional US and CEUS perfusion patten provide limited diagnostic information for distinguishing PA from CXPA.CXPA could be diagnosed by ill defined margins,more internal anechoic area and poorly defined margins.But CEUS quantitative analysis can significantly promote the differentiation.

Objective To compare the difference in recurrence rates between the endovenous laser therapy(EVLT) combined with percutaneous continuous circumsature (PCCS) and simplex EVLT following the treatment of great saphanous vein incompetence through the introduction of propensity score matching (PSM).Methods T the baseline data of 170 patients diagnosed with great saphanous vein incompetence who were treated in Punan Hospital in Pudong New District of Shanghai from 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed,of which underwent EVLT were 87 cases as EVLT group and EVLT combined with PCCS were 83 cases as EVLT +PCCS group.The groups covariate were balanced based on the PSM function of SPSS software using 1 ∶ 1 nearest neighbor matching method.The recurrence rates of the two groups were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and the differences between the two groups were evaluated by Log-rank test.Results Sixty-seven pairs of patients were successfully matched.No significant difference between the two matched groups in the basic clinical features.Before PSM,the 1,2,and 3 year cummulative recurrence rates were 3.5％,5.4％ and 7.3％ in the EVLT group,and 0.9％,4.7％ and 4.7％ in the EVLT+PCCS group,respectively,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups by Log-rank test (P =0.491).After PSM,the 1,2,and 3 year cummulative recurrence rates were 5.2％,5.2％ and 7.1％ in the EVLT group,and 0％,1.0％ and 1.0％ in the EVLT+PCCS group,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P =0.031).Conclusion The PSM methods can effectively balanced the covariates of groups in non-randomised study.EVLT combined with PCCS can effectively reduce the recurrence rate after the treatment of great saphanous vein incompetence.