Objective: Based on spinopelvic parameters and biomechanical principles, the pedicle-facet joint (PFJ) morphological characteristics of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis were analyzed, and the mechanism of their onset and progression was discussed. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 194 patients with L5 spondylolysis or L5–S1 low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS group), 172 patients with L4–5 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS group), and 366 patients with nonlumbar spondylolysis (NL group). The spinopelvic parameters and PFJ morphological parameters of the patients were measured, the differences in these parameters among and within the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations were analyzed. Results: Sacral slope (SS) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were the highest in the IS group, the second highest in the DS group, and the lowest in the NL group. Among the 3 groups, the L4 facet joint angle (FJA) was the largest in the IS group, the second largest in the NL group, and the smallest in the DS group. The L4 pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA) was the largest in the DS group, the second largest in the IS group, and the smallest in the NL group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that within each group, SS and LL were negatively correlated with FJA and positively correlated with PFA. Conclusion This study found a correlation between the PFJ morphological characteristics of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and spinopelvic parameters, suggesting that the morphological characteristics of PFJs may be caused by varying stresses under different spinopelvic morphologies.

BACKGROUND:NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely related to neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury,in which microglial polarization and pyroptosis play a key role.Targeted regulation of NLRP3 can induce microglial polarization from M1 proinflammatory phenotype to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype and regulate microglial pyroptosis,which is a promising therapeutic strategy.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia after spinal cord injury.METHODS:Databases of PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI were searched for the articles with search terms "spinal cord injury,NLRP3,microglia,polarization,pyroptosis" in English and "spinal cord injury,NLRP3,microglia,polarization,pyroptosis,inflammation" in Chinese.Finally,a total of 79 articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Currently,there is no consensus on the complex pathogenesis of spinal cord injury.A large number of studies have shown that spinal cord injury is closely related to inflammatory factors and signaling pathways.The NLRP3 inflammasome is a hot topic in current research as a mechanism of disease and a breakthrough in treatment.(2) The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and neuronal recovery after spinal cord injury.(3) Microglia are immune cells in the brain and spinal cord and are the most important regulatory factors in secondary spinal cord injury.After spinal cord injury,microglia adjust the internal environment,mainly manifested as polarization and necrosis,produce a large number of inflammatory factors,hinder the nerve regeneration and functional recovery of spinal cord injury,and regulating the phenotype change of microglia is another key factor in the treatment of spinal cord injury.(4) The NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to microglia.After spinal cord injury,NLRP3 is mainly expressed in microglia,which promotes the polarization of microglia to M1 and accelerates the production of cleavage proteins,further disrupting the microenvironment and aggravating the progression of spinal cord injury.(5) Many molecules participate in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia,involving signaling pathways.Among them,nuclear factor-κB and MAPK signaling pathways promote NLRP3 inflammasome,while the rest inhibit this inflammasome.(6) At present,a large number of exogenous molecules and drugs regulate NLRP3 inflammasomes,with a wide range of clinical application prospects.Relevant drugs are in the clinical trial stage and obtain good effects,such as the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950.However,key issues such as how to precisely control targeted delivery and the impact on other tissues and organs urgently need to be resolved.With the deepening of research,it is expected to make new breakthroughs in delaying the treatment of spinal cord injury in the future.

Objective To explore terminal neuromagnetic activity and functional connectivity changes in childhood absence epilepsy(CAE)by multi-frequency magnetoencephalogram(MEG)analysis,and explore the mechanisms of termination and identify biological markers to better understand seizure termination and the recovery of consciousness.Methods This study recruited 20 drug-naive children with CAE and collected MEG data from 30 seizures and interictal periods using a MEG system.Minimum-norm estimation was used to model the distribution of the MEG data,the joint Welch method was used for Power Spectral Density(PSD)analysis,and corrected Amplitude Envelope Correlation was used to assess functional connectivity.Results During seizure termination,the low-frequency power decreased,with beta-band changes occurring first,while high-frequency power remained low and stable.Functional connectivity also shifted,showing transient increased synchrony in the delta band at seizure termination and continual reductions in alpha and beta connectivity.NBS analyses also showed the earliest whole-brain decrease in connectivity in the beta band and a transient enhancement of connectivity in the delta band 1 s before termination.Conclusion This study investigated neuromagnetic changes during seizure termination in CAE using MEG,highlighting the distinct roles of beta-band involvement and delta-band hypersynchronization in CAE termination.

Objective:To gain an in-depth understanding of the barriers to active management in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to provide evidence for targeted interventions.Methods:A descriptive qualitative research method was adopted. Using purposive sampling, a total of 14 elderly CHF patients admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, from January to February 2025 were selected as study participants. Based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), a semi-structured in-depth interview guide was developed. NVivo 12.0 software was used to organize and code the data, and directed content analysis was applied.Results:Eight TDF-related domains of barriers were identified and summarized into four themes: misconceptions of disease and information processing barriers (knowledge; memory, attention, and decision processes) ; dependence on family members and limited accessibility of medical resources (social influence; environmental context and resources) ; negative goal motivation and low management confidence (goals; beliefs about consequences and capabilities) ; and emotional management obstacles and fatigue from self-regulation (emotion) .Conclusions:On the basis of meeting elderly CHF patients' knowledge needs, healthcare professionals should expand their access to information, improve social support systems, stimulate intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, and alleviate negative emotions and fatigue related to self-regulation, thereby enhancing the positivity of self-health management and achieving sustainability in health management.

Objective: Based on spinopelvic parameters and biomechanical principles, the pedicle-facet joint (PFJ) morphological characteristics of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis were analyzed, and the mechanism of their onset and progression was discussed. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 194 patients with L5 spondylolysis or L5–S1 low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS group), 172 patients with L4–5 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS group), and 366 patients with nonlumbar spondylolysis (NL group). The spinopelvic parameters and PFJ morphological parameters of the patients were measured, the differences in these parameters among and within the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations were analyzed. Results: Sacral slope (SS) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were the highest in the IS group, the second highest in the DS group, and the lowest in the NL group. Among the 3 groups, the L4 facet joint angle (FJA) was the largest in the IS group, the second largest in the NL group, and the smallest in the DS group. The L4 pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA) was the largest in the DS group, the second largest in the IS group, and the smallest in the NL group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that within each group, SS and LL were negatively correlated with FJA and positively correlated with PFA. Conclusion This study found a correlation between the PFJ morphological characteristics of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and spinopelvic parameters, suggesting that the morphological characteristics of PFJs may be caused by varying stresses under different spinopelvic morphologies.

BACKGROUND:NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely related to neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury,in which microglial polarization and pyroptosis play a key role.Targeted regulation of NLRP3 can induce microglial polarization from M1 proinflammatory phenotype to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype and regulate microglial pyroptosis,which is a promising therapeutic strategy.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies of NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia after spinal cord injury.METHODS:Databases of PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI were searched for the articles with search terms "spinal cord injury,NLRP3,microglia,polarization,pyroptosis" in English and "spinal cord injury,NLRP3,microglia,polarization,pyroptosis,inflammation" in Chinese.Finally,a total of 79 articles were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Currently,there is no consensus on the complex pathogenesis of spinal cord injury.A large number of studies have shown that spinal cord injury is closely related to inflammatory factors and signaling pathways.The NLRP3 inflammasome is a hot topic in current research as a mechanism of disease and a breakthrough in treatment.(2) The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and neuronal recovery after spinal cord injury.(3) Microglia are immune cells in the brain and spinal cord and are the most important regulatory factors in secondary spinal cord injury.After spinal cord injury,microglia adjust the internal environment,mainly manifested as polarization and necrosis,produce a large number of inflammatory factors,hinder the nerve regeneration and functional recovery of spinal cord injury,and regulating the phenotype change of microglia is another key factor in the treatment of spinal cord injury.(4) The NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to microglia.After spinal cord injury,NLRP3 is mainly expressed in microglia,which promotes the polarization of microglia to M1 and accelerates the production of cleavage proteins,further disrupting the microenvironment and aggravating the progression of spinal cord injury.(5) Many molecules participate in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia,involving signaling pathways.Among them,nuclear factor-κB and MAPK signaling pathways promote NLRP3 inflammasome,while the rest inhibit this inflammasome.(6) At present,a large number of exogenous molecules and drugs regulate NLRP3 inflammasomes,with a wide range of clinical application prospects.Relevant drugs are in the clinical trial stage and obtain good effects,such as the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950.However,key issues such as how to precisely control targeted delivery and the impact on other tissues and organs urgently need to be resolved.With the deepening of research,it is expected to make new breakthroughs in delaying the treatment of spinal cord injury in the future.

Objective To explore terminal neuromagnetic activity and functional connectivity changes in childhood absence epilepsy(CAE)by multi-frequency magnetoencephalogram(MEG)analysis,and explore the mechanisms of termination and identify biological markers to better understand seizure termination and the recovery of consciousness.Methods This study recruited 20 drug-naive children with CAE and collected MEG data from 30 seizures and interictal periods using a MEG system.Minimum-norm estimation was used to model the distribution of the MEG data,the joint Welch method was used for Power Spectral Density(PSD)analysis,and corrected Amplitude Envelope Correlation was used to assess functional connectivity.Results During seizure termination,the low-frequency power decreased,with beta-band changes occurring first,while high-frequency power remained low and stable.Functional connectivity also shifted,showing transient increased synchrony in the delta band at seizure termination and continual reductions in alpha and beta connectivity.NBS analyses also showed the earliest whole-brain decrease in connectivity in the beta band and a transient enhancement of connectivity in the delta band 1 s before termination.Conclusion This study investigated neuromagnetic changes during seizure termination in CAE using MEG,highlighting the distinct roles of beta-band involvement and delta-band hypersynchronization in CAE termination.

Objective:To gain an in-depth understanding of the barriers to active management in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to provide evidence for targeted interventions.Methods:A descriptive qualitative research method was adopted. Using purposive sampling, a total of 14 elderly CHF patients admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, from January to February 2025 were selected as study participants. Based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), a semi-structured in-depth interview guide was developed. NVivo 12.0 software was used to organize and code the data, and directed content analysis was applied.Results:Eight TDF-related domains of barriers were identified and summarized into four themes: misconceptions of disease and information processing barriers (knowledge; memory, attention, and decision processes) ; dependence on family members and limited accessibility of medical resources (social influence; environmental context and resources) ; negative goal motivation and low management confidence (goals; beliefs about consequences and capabilities) ; and emotional management obstacles and fatigue from self-regulation (emotion) .Conclusions:On the basis of meeting elderly CHF patients' knowledge needs, healthcare professionals should expand their access to information, improve social support systems, stimulate intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, and alleviate negative emotions and fatigue related to self-regulation, thereby enhancing the positivity of self-health management and achieving sustainability in health management.

Objective To construct a home care readiness program for caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure based on the McMaster Family Functioning Model and explore its application effects.Methods The pro-gram was developed through literature analysis,expert correspondence and pre-testing.86 pairs of patients with chronic heart failure and their caregivers who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary-level hos-pital in Bengbu City were conveniently selected from December 2023 to April 2024 as the study subjects.Using the coin-flip method,the patients were randomly divided into 43 pairs in an experimental group and 43 pairs in a control group on a ward-by-ward basis.The experimental group implemented the program on the basis of routine care,and the control group was given routine care.Differences in caregiver home care readiness,caregiver caregiv-ing ability and patients' quality of life were compared between the 2 groups at the time of admission,at the time of discharge,and 1 and 3 months after discharge.Results A total of 81 pairs of patients and their caregivers completed the intervention,with 41 in the experimental group and 40 in the control group.Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that there was an interaction effect between time and group for caregiver home care readiness,caregiver caregiving ability,and patient quality of life in both groups(F=320.995,P＜0.001;F=83.303,P＜0.001;F=113.283,P＜0.001).Simple effect analyses showed that caregiver home care readiness and caregiver caregiving com-petence scores were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group at the time of discharge and at 1 and 3 months post-discharge(P＜0.001);quality of life scores of patients in the experimental group were lower than it in the control group at 1 and 3 months post-discharge(P＜0.001).Conclusion The implemen-tation of the program can effectively improve the home care readiness and caregiving ability of caregivers of pa-tients with chronic heart failure,and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective: Based on spinopelvic parameters and biomechanical principles, the pedicle-facet joint (PFJ) morphological characteristics of isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis were analyzed, and the mechanism of their onset and progression was discussed. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 194 patients with L5 spondylolysis or L5–S1 low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS group), 172 patients with L4–5 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS group), and 366 patients with nonlumbar spondylolysis (NL group). The spinopelvic parameters and PFJ morphological parameters of the patients were measured, the differences in these parameters among and within the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations were analyzed. Results: Sacral slope (SS) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were the highest in the IS group, the second highest in the DS group, and the lowest in the NL group. Among the 3 groups, the L4 facet joint angle (FJA) was the largest in the IS group, the second largest in the NL group, and the smallest in the DS group. The L4 pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA) was the largest in the DS group, the second largest in the IS group, and the smallest in the NL group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that within each group, SS and LL were negatively correlated with FJA and positively correlated with PFA. Conclusion This study found a correlation between the PFJ morphological characteristics of patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and spinopelvic parameters, suggesting that the morphological characteristics of PFJs may be caused by varying stresses under different spinopelvic morphologies.