Objective To assess the prevalence and clinical features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its risk factors in patients with CHF,so as to provide the reference for early identification of NAFLD.Methods The data from 1120 CHF patients aged 14～89 was collected,including the general demographic information(age,gender,smoking status,height,weight,BMI,etc.),clinical diagnosis and treatment data(blood pressure,NYHA heart function classification,blood biochemical indicators,etc.),and medication use status.SPSS 27.0 was applied to analyze the clinical characteristics of CHF combined with NAFLD,and binary multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of CHF combined with NAFLD.Results Among the 1120 patients,634(56.6%)were male and 486(43.4%)were female.The prevalence of CHF patients with NAFLD was 25.0%.The results of univariate analysis showed that the weight of NAFLD patients BMI,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,FPG,UA,left room expansion ratio,ALT,CHO,TG,obesity rate,hyperuricemia rate and β-blocker usage rate were all higher than those of non NAFLD patients.The age,BNP,HDL and ACEI/ARB/ARNI usage rate of NAFLD patients were lower than those of non NAFLD patients(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=0.988),FPG(OR=1.099),overweight(OR=3.497)and obesity(OR=9.193)were independent risk factors for CHF patients with NAFLD.Conclusion NAFLD may be a common complication in CHF patients,especially those who are young,have high FPG,overweight and obese.In the clinical practice,NAFLD screening,evaluation and management should be focused on CHF patients who are young,have high fasting blood sugar,overweight,and obese.

This study was aimed at understanding the Babesia species makeup and distribution in small mammals in Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province,and the Babesia carriage status in small mammals in this area,to provide a scientific basis for the preven-tion and control of Babesia disease.A total of 1 493 small mammals belonging to 5 orders,10 families,25 genera,and 54 species were captured from 10 counties(cities)in the Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province in various agricultural and forest environments.DNA was extracted from liver and tick tissues,and 150 bp fragments of Babesia 18S rRNA were detected through molecular biological methods.The positive samples showed amplification of a 1 600 bp target fragment of 18S rRNA.Species characteristics were assessed through sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 14 small mammals infected with Babesia were detected in six coun-ties(cities)of Jinsha River Basin,Yunnan Province,with a positivity rate of 0.93%(14/1 493).The Otsu and Kobe types of Babesia voles were analyzed,and their sequences were compared with the sequences from human Babesia cases with high similarity and close evolutionary relationships.The positivity rates were 2.34%(3/128)in Qiaojia County,2.06%(2/97)in Yongshan County,1.88%(4/213)in Yuanmou County,1.03%(3/291)in Deqin County,0.95%(1/105)in Shangri-La City,and 0.78%(1/128)in Shuifu County.The positive small mammals belonged to one order,two families,six genera,and the following eight species:P.leucurus 5.56%(1/18),R.brunneusculus 3.36%(4/119),M.minutus 3.33%(1/30),E.custos 2.94%(1/34),N.confucianus 2.65%(3/113),N.fulvescens 2.35%(2/85),A.latronum 1.16%(1/86),and A.draco 0.98%(1/102).The detection of Babesia in M.minutus was re-poorted first time.Small animals infected with Babesia were detected in all three habitats and altitudes,and higher infection rates were observed in forest regions between 1 500 and 2 500 meters and high-altitude residential areas.Babesia infection was found in many small mammals in several counties(cities)along Jinsha River in Yunnan Province,and the epidemic status of Babesia in these areas warrants attention.

This study was aimed at understanding the Babesia species makeup and distribution in small mammals in Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province,and the Babesia carriage status in small mammals in this area,to provide a scientific basis for the preven-tion and control of Babesia disease.A total of 1 493 small mammals belonging to 5 orders,10 families,25 genera,and 54 species were captured from 10 counties(cities)in the Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province in various agricultural and forest environments.DNA was extracted from liver and tick tissues,and 150 bp fragments of Babesia 18S rRNA were detected through molecular biological methods.The positive samples showed amplification of a 1 600 bp target fragment of 18S rRNA.Species characteristics were assessed through sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 14 small mammals infected with Babesia were detected in six coun-ties(cities)of Jinsha River Basin,Yunnan Province,with a positivity rate of 0.93%(14/1 493).The Otsu and Kobe types of Babesia voles were analyzed,and their sequences were compared with the sequences from human Babesia cases with high similarity and close evolutionary relationships.The positivity rates were 2.34%(3/128)in Qiaojia County,2.06%(2/97)in Yongshan County,1.88%(4/213)in Yuanmou County,1.03%(3/291)in Deqin County,0.95%(1/105)in Shangri-La City,and 0.78%(1/128)in Shuifu County.The positive small mammals belonged to one order,two families,six genera,and the following eight species:P.leucurus 5.56%(1/18),R.brunneusculus 3.36%(4/119),M.minutus 3.33%(1/30),E.custos 2.94%(1/34),N.confucianus 2.65%(3/113),N.fulvescens 2.35%(2/85),A.latronum 1.16%(1/86),and A.draco 0.98%(1/102).The detection of Babesia in M.minutus was re-poorted first time.Small animals infected with Babesia were detected in all three habitats and altitudes,and higher infection rates were observed in forest regions between 1 500 and 2 500 meters and high-altitude residential areas.Babesia infection was found in many small mammals in several counties(cities)along Jinsha River in Yunnan Province,and the epidemic status of Babesia in these areas warrants attention.

Objective:To investigate the changes of the liver volume in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension after splenectomy combined with devascularization, and to analyze the related causes.Methods:Clinical and imaging data of 94 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension who underwent surgical treatment at the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January 2014 and May 2024 were included and analyzed before and after surgery. The cohort comprised 61 males and 33 females, aged (47±12) years. The preoperative and postoperative liver volumes were compared, and the patients were divided into two groups based on the changes in postoperative liver volume: the volume increase group ( n=51) and the volume decrease group ( n=43). Clinical data were collected including liver volume, hepatic artery diameter, spontaneous portosystemic shunt (SPSS), portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and hepatic artery dilation. Results:Compared with the volume decrease group, the postoperative liver volume [(1 157±237) cm 3 vs. (977±271) cm 3] and incidence of hepatic artery dilation [92.2%(47/51) vs. 67.4%(29/43)] in the volume increase group both increased, while the incidence of newly formed SPSS [3.9%(2/51) vs. 18.6%(8/43)] and PVT [5.9%(3/51) vs. 34.9%(15/43)] after surgery both decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After splenectomy combined with devascularization, patients with decreased liver volume exhibited aggravated conditions of serrated or wavy changes at the edge of the liver and widening of liver fissures, while patients with increased liver volume had significant reduction or disappearance of serrated or wavy changes at the edge of the liver and narrowing of liver fission. Conclusion:Splenectomy combined with devascularization can increase the postoperative liver volume in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension, and decrease in postoperative liver volume may be related to the occurrence of SPSS and PVT.

Objective:To investigate the changes of the liver volume in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension after splenectomy combined with devascularization, and to analyze the related causes.Methods:Clinical and imaging data of 94 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension who underwent surgical treatment at the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January 2014 and May 2024 were included and analyzed before and after surgery. The cohort comprised 61 males and 33 females, aged (47±12) years. The preoperative and postoperative liver volumes were compared, and the patients were divided into two groups based on the changes in postoperative liver volume: the volume increase group ( n=51) and the volume decrease group ( n=43). Clinical data were collected including liver volume, hepatic artery diameter, spontaneous portosystemic shunt (SPSS), portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and hepatic artery dilation. Results:Compared with the volume decrease group, the postoperative liver volume [(1 157±237) cm 3 vs. (977±271) cm 3] and incidence of hepatic artery dilation [92.2%(47/51) vs. 67.4%(29/43)] in the volume increase group both increased, while the incidence of newly formed SPSS [3.9%(2/51) vs. 18.6%(8/43)] and PVT [5.9%(3/51) vs. 34.9%(15/43)] after surgery both decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After splenectomy combined with devascularization, patients with decreased liver volume exhibited aggravated conditions of serrated or wavy changes at the edge of the liver and widening of liver fissures, while patients with increased liver volume had significant reduction or disappearance of serrated or wavy changes at the edge of the liver and narrowing of liver fission. Conclusion:Splenectomy combined with devascularization can increase the postoperative liver volume in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension, and decrease in postoperative liver volume may be related to the occurrence of SPSS and PVT.

"Flipped Classroom" is a new kind of "student-centered" teaching model, which can give full play to the advantages of both sides of teaching and learning. According to this teaching model, we redesigned the teaching process, in which the students studied by themselves and built their own knowledge system. Moreover, each of them took part in three stages of experimental design including digital signal collection, analysis and processing in groups. Results have shown that this model can fully stimulate students' learning interest, not only helps students to deepen understanding of digital signal processing theory knowledge, but also strengthen the ability of autonomous learning and team collaboration. The teaching model maybe have certain reference function in comprehensive experiment teaching of Digital Signal Processing course for biomedical engineering specialty.

Based on the summary and reflection of the existing course construction content, this paper redesigns the course teaching to Brain Functional Imaging and forms a new curriculum construction scheme, including improving the professional teachers' ability of the teaching team by means of "internal training" + "external introduction", building an online and offline integrated teaching mode by combining online teaching resources such as course website with offline teaching (such as literature guidance, classroom discussion, comprehensive experimental design, etc.), and designing comprehensive experiments related to Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is driven by scientific research projects, based on the scientific research experimental platform of the teaching and research department. This construction scheme is of great significance for improving the teaching quality of the course, stimulating the learning interest of graduate students, and cultivating the comprehensive application and practical innovation ability of graduate students' brain imaging technology. And it also provides the reference for the further construction of the course and teaching reform in the future.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious disease that causes high mortality in suckling piglets. Although several licensed inactivated and live attenuated vaccines were widely used, the infection rate remains high due to unsatisfactory protective efficacy. In this study, mRNA vaccine candidates against PED were prepared, and their immunogenicity was evaluated in mice and pregnant sows. The mRNA PED vaccine based on heterodimer of viral receptor binding region (RBD) showed good immunogenicity. It elicited robust humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, and the neutralizing antibody titer reached 1:300 after a single vaccination. Furthermore, it induced neutralizing antibody level similar to that of the inactivated vaccine in pregnant sows. This study developed a new design of PED vaccine based on the mRNA-RBD strategy and demonstrated the potential for clinical application.
Pregnancy ; Swine ; Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Antibodies, Viral ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology* ; Viral Vaccines/genetics* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Diarrhea/veterinary*

Background: There is an urgent need to find reliable and rapid bovine tuberculosis (bTB) diagnostics in response to the rising prevalence of bTB worldwide. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes components of bTB and initiates antigen-presenting cells to mediate humoral immunity. Evaluating the affinity of antigens with TLR2 can form the basis of a new method for the diagnosis of bTB based on humoral immunity. Objectives: To develop a reliable and rapid strategy to improve diagnostic tools for bTB. Methods: In this study, we expressed and purified the sixteen bTB-specific recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. The two antigenic proteins, MPT70 and MPT83, which were most valuable for serological diagnosis of bTB were screened. Molecular docking technology was used to analyze the affinity of MPT70, MPT83, dominant epitope peptide of MPT70 (M1), and dominant epitope peptide MPT83 (M2) with TLR2, combined with the detection results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the molecular docking effect. Results: The results showed that interaction surface Cα-atom root mean square deviation of proteins (M1, M2, MPT70, MPT83)-TLR2 protein are less than 2.5 A, showing a high affinity.It is verified by clinical serum samples that MPT70, MPT83, MPT70-MPT83 showed good diagnostic potential for the detection of anti-bTB IgG and M1, M2 can replace the whole protein as the detection antigen. Conclusions Molecular docking to evaluate the affinity of bTB protein and TLR2 combined with ELISA provides new insights for the diagnosis of bTB.

Kawasaki disease(KD) is a febrile vasculitis in childhood.It has become the most prominent cause of pediatric secondary cardiovascular disease as it is associated with coronary artery lesion(CAL). Even though intravenous immunoglobulin treatment has greatly lowered the incidence of coronary artery aneurysm, the existence of IVIG-resistant KD indicates a part of patients are still at a high risk of CAL, which brings them a huge psychiatric and financial burden.Therefore, studying the pathogenesis of CAL associated with KD is of great significance.This article reviews the related mechanism of KD and the associated CAL.Meanwhile, it illustrates the connection between microRNA-208 and CAL, on which basis the perspective of microRNA-208 possibly involving in the KD-associated CAL is given.