In February 2025,the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases(AASLD)published online"Critical Update:AASLD Practice Guidance on Prevention,Diagnosis,and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma".This update mainly focuses on the latest analysis results of the IMbrave050 study and performs corresponding updates and adjustments to recommendations based on the issues in clinical practice.As for the postoperative adjuvant therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)based on immune checkpoint inhibitors,the AASLD has re-evaluated and updated the practice guidance.The update revises related texts and recommendations for adjuvant therapy and the management algorithms for HCC recurrence during or after adjuvant therapy.Furthermore,the AASLD emphasizes that even for HCC patients at a high risk of recurrence after resection or local ablation,close monitoring for recurrence remains the current standard treatment regimen.Our team makes an excerpt of the update,systematically introduces the background and specific contents of the update,and discuss the adjuvant therapy for HCC,in order to provide a reference for readers.

Objective To evaluate and further optimize the quality control measures in the field of queue by comparing and analyzing the quality of physical data before and after optimization.Methods 17 420 physical data collected in 2020 and 12 762 physical data collected in 2021 were used in the natural population cohort study of West China Hospital of Sichuan University.The data in 2020(before optimization)and 2021(after optimization)were evaluated and compared from multiple dimensions such as normalization,completeness,logic,accuracy and consistency.Results Compared to 2020,data quality in 2021 showed a significant improvement.The proportion of abnormal data decreased significantly from 1978(11.35%)to 276(2.16%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Specifically,the number of abnormal blood pressure data decreased from 143(0.82%)to 67(0.52%),and waist circumference data decreased significantly from 1777(10.20%)to 113(0.89%).In terms of data integrity and logical evaluation,the performance in 2021 was also generally better than that in 2020,and the difference was also statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion It is very important to optimize and adjust the collection process of physical data and realize integrated information system management for improving data quality.

In February 2025， the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases （AASLD） published online “Critical Update： AASLD Practice Guidance on Prevention， Diagnosis， and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma”. This update mainly focuses on the latest analysis results of the IMbrave050 study and performs corresponding updates and adjustments to recommendations based on the issues in clinical practice. As for the postoperative adjuvant therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） based on immune checkpoint inhibitors， the AASLD has re-evaluated and updated the practice guidance. The update revises related texts and recommendations for adjuvant therapy and the management algorithms for HCC recurrence during or after adjuvant therapy. Furthermore， the AASLD emphasizes that even for HCC patients at a high risk of recurrence after resection or local ablation， close monitoring for recurrence remains the current standard treatment regimen. Our team makes an excerpt of the update， systematically introduces the background and specific contents of the update， and discuss the adjuvant therapy for HCC， in order to provide a reference for readers.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, emphasizing the utmost importance of early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and pro-gnostic assessment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), as an innovative liquid biopsy biomarker, has demonstrated unique advantages in HCC management. The authors systematically summarized recent advances in the application of ctDNA for early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of HCC, focusing on its advantages and clinical application value in precision medicine.

In December 2024, the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) released the 2024 edition of EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carci-noma (HCC). Compared to the 2018 edition, the 2024 edition includes significant updates in several areas, such as personalized surveillance strategies based on individual risk assessment, standardiza-tion of liver imaging protocols and diagnostic criteria, the use of minimally invasive surgical approaches in complex cases, an updated approach to liver transplantation integration, transitions between surgery, locoregional, and systemic therapies, as well as the positioning of radiotherapy and the use of combination immunotherapy at various stages of the disease. The authors systematically interpret the main updates related to treatment strategies in the new guidelines, aiming to provide clinicians with clear decision-making references for treatment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, emphasizing the utmost importance of early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and pro-gnostic assessment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), as an innovative liquid biopsy biomarker, has demonstrated unique advantages in HCC management. The authors systematically summarized recent advances in the application of ctDNA for early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of HCC, focusing on its advantages and clinical application value in precision medicine.

In December 2024, the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) released the 2024 edition of EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carci-noma (HCC). Compared to the 2018 edition, the 2024 edition includes significant updates in several areas, such as personalized surveillance strategies based on individual risk assessment, standardiza-tion of liver imaging protocols and diagnostic criteria, the use of minimally invasive surgical approaches in complex cases, an updated approach to liver transplantation integration, transitions between surgery, locoregional, and systemic therapies, as well as the positioning of radiotherapy and the use of combination immunotherapy at various stages of the disease. The authors systematically interpret the main updates related to treatment strategies in the new guidelines, aiming to provide clinicians with clear decision-making references for treatment.

Objective To evaluate and further optimize the quality control measures in the field of queue by comparing and analyzing the quality of physical data before and after optimization.Methods 17 420 physical data collected in 2020 and 12 762 physical data collected in 2021 were used in the natural population cohort study of West China Hospital of Sichuan University.The data in 2020(before optimization)and 2021(after optimization)were evaluated and compared from multiple dimensions such as normalization,completeness,logic,accuracy and consistency.Results Compared to 2020,data quality in 2021 showed a significant improvement.The proportion of abnormal data decreased significantly from 1978(11.35%)to 276(2.16%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Specifically,the number of abnormal blood pressure data decreased from 143(0.82%)to 67(0.52%),and waist circumference data decreased significantly from 1777(10.20%)to 113(0.89%).In terms of data integrity and logical evaluation,the performance in 2021 was also generally better than that in 2020,and the difference was also statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion It is very important to optimize and adjust the collection process of physical data and realize integrated information system management for improving data quality.

Primary liver cancer is a highly malignant tumor of the digestive tract, charac-terized by an insidious onset and frequently accompanied by local progression or distant metastasis. Although surgical resection is typically the optimal treatment for patients with locally resectable tumors, the major challenge in achieving long-term survival prognosis lies in the high postoperative recurrence rate. Due to the substantial heterogeneity and complexity of primary liver cancer, a multimodal comprehensive treatment approach involving surgical resection, systemic therapy ( e.g., targeted therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy), and/or local treatment is commonly employed. As research regarding primary liver cancer continues to progress, it becomes crucial for surgical oncologists to acquire a deep understanding and proficiency in the latest surgical diagnostic and treatment methods, along with optimal patient selection and management strategies. The authors aim to comprehensively elaborate on the latest practice guidelines for surgically treatment of primary liver cancer and systematically outline the key points in evaluating primary liver cancer, primarily focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma, and offer pertinent recommendations for clinical treatment, thus providing robust evidence in the clinical management and decision-making for patients with primary liver cancer.

Biliary tract carcinoma （BTC） is a type of gastrointestinal tumor with a low incidence rate and a strong invasive ability， mainly including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC）， extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ECC）， and gallbladder carcinoma （GC）， often accompanied by local progression or distant metastasis. Surgery is often the preferred treatment method for patients with local resectable tumor； however， there is still a high risk of recurrence after radical surgery. Therefore， multiple treatment modalities are often required for BTC patients， including surgical resection， systemic treatment （such as targeted therapy， chemotherapy， and immunotherapy）， and/or a combination of local treatment methods. With the development of the field of BTC， it is critical for surgical oncologists to understand and master the latest surgical strategies and the best patient selection and management systems. In view of the complexity of treatment and the continuous development of diagnosis and treatment techniques， Annals of Surgical Oncology， an authoritative American journal of cancer surgery， recently published the practical diagnosis and treatment guidelines for hepatobiliary tumors， including hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）， ICC， ECC， and GC， aiming to provide more evidence-based evidence for the clinical management and decision-making of patients with hepatobiliary tumors. Due to the limitations of length and different emphases， this article mainly introduces the recommendations for the evaluation points and clinical treatment of ECC and GC in the guidelines， so as to provide a reference for clinical practice.