Objective To investigate the effects of scribble planar cell polarity protein(SCRIB)on proliferation,apoptosis,and autophagy of glioblastoma(GBM)and elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression level of SCRIB in GBM tissue was queried through the Biomarker Exploration of Solid Tumors(BEST)database.Lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference was employed to downregulate SCRIB expression in human glioblastoma cell lines U87 and U251,which were divided into negative control group(mock)and SCRIB shRNA interference groups(kd1 and kd2).SCRIB expression levels were detected using Western blotting(WB)and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).EdU incorporation and cell apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry(FCM).CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells,and WB was used to detect the expression of proliferation-related proteins.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was conducted to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62,followed by quantitative analysis across multiple fields.WB was also used to detect the expression levels of LC3,p62,and proteins in the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway.Results Compared with that of normal tissues,SCRIB mRNA expression level was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues(P＜0.05).FCM results showed that EdU incorporation rates were significantly reduced(P＜0.001)while cell apoptosis rates were markedly increased(P＜0.001)in U87 and U251 cells with SCRIB knockdown.CCK-8 results indicated that compared with the mock group,the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells in the SCRIB knockdown group was significantly downregulated(P＜0.001).IF staining showed that LC3 fluorescence aggregation was significantly enhanced(P＜0.001),while p62 fluorescence aggregation was significantly reduced(P＜0.001)in the SCRIB knockdown group.WB results showed that compared with the mock group,the protein expression levels of p27,LC3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated,while C-Myc,Cyclin D1,MCM,PCNA and p62 were downregulated,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of SCRIB may induce autophagy and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby suppressing cell proliferation.

Portal hypertension is a major complication of cirrhosis. The current gold standard for diagnosis is the hepatic venous pressure gradient, but it possesses limitations such as invasiveness. In recent years, non-invasive tests have made significant progress in terms of evaluating and prognostication of portal hypertension. This article reviews the diagnostic value and related research advancements of different non-invasive tests in assessing portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.

Objective:To analyze the expression of tumor-associated transmembrane protein 61 (TMEM61) in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its influence on prognosis and immune infiltration, as well as the effect on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells.Methods:In the cholangiocarcinoma gene chip dataset (TCGA-CHOL), differentially expressed genes between cholangiocarcinoma tissues and normal bile duct tissues were screened, and the upregulated TMEM61 gene was selected for further analysis. Based on the TMEM61 expression, cholangiocarcinoma patients higher than the median value were classified as the high-expression group ( n=17), and those lower than the median value were classified as the low-expression group ( n=18). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on differentially expressed genes related to TMEM61, and the correlations between TMEM61 expression and immune cells and immune molecules were respectively analyzed. The expression level of TMEM61 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry; The effect of TMEM61 expression on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells was detected by Western blotting, CCK-8, clone formation assay, etc. Results:Compared with normal tissues, the expression of TMEM61 mRNA in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was significantly upregulated ( t=18.31, P<0.001). The overall survival rate of patients in the high-expression group of TMEM61 was significantly lower than that in the low-expression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=7.23, P=0.007). The differentially expressed genes related to TMEM61 were involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle and DNA replication, etc. Compared with normal tissues, regulatory T cells ( t=10.21, P<0.001) and M0-type macrophages ( t=5.89, P=0.008) were significantly increased in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. Plasma cells ( t=7.34, P=0.002), γδT cells ( t=9.87, P<0.001), and M2-type macrophages ( t=11.53, P<0.001) were significantly decreased in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. The expression of TMEM61 was correlated with neurociliary protein 1, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 and B7 homologous protein 3 (all P<0.05). The proportion of positive staining area of TMEM61 protein in normal tissues was (10.15±2.27) %, and that in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was (69.43±11.66) %. The difference was statistically significant ( t=14.97, P<0.001). Inhibition of TMEM61 expression led to a decrease in the number of cholangiocarcinoma cell clones and proliferation activity, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.01). Conclusion:The expression of TMEM61 is elevated in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. The abnormally high expression of TMEM61 affects the infiltration of immune cells and promotes the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells. TMEM61 is expected to become a potential biomarker for the prognosis assessment of cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective: To explore the core features of trait aggression in children and adolescents, so as to provide a theoretical basis for behavioral interventions targeting the central psychological characteristics of aggression in children and adolescents. Methods: From March to May 2020, a simple random convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 39 165 students from grades 4 to 12 in Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Shandong. Data were collected via online questionnaires, with all participants completing the Chinese Version of the Aggression Questionnaire. Psychometric network analysis was utilized for data processing. Results: Trait aggression among Chinese children and adolescents was at a moderately low level. The core nodes of the network structure included physical aggression [if someone intentionally causes trouble for me, I will hit them severely (AGG6); if someone hits me, I will retaliate (AGG11)] and self aggression [When I am very irritable, I think of hurting myself (AGG5); when I am in a bad mood, I engage in behaviors that harm my health, such as overeating (AGG25)]. Across grade levels, core nodes primarily originated from the anger dimension [When I m angry, I feel like a powder magazine that could explode at any moment (AGG13); I can t control my temper (AGG18); I am prone to getting angry when I see things that are not pleasing to the eye (AGG23); I will get angry for no reason (AGG27)]. Except for grades 7 and 9, core nodes in other grades included the verbal aggression dimension [I am prone to arguments with people (AGG22)]. Before grade 8, core nodes incorporated the self aggression dimension (AGG 5, AGG 25); after grade 8, core nodes included the physical aggression dimension [AGG 6, AGG 11, I fight slightly more than others (AGG16), and if people around me make things difficult for me to a certain extent, I will fight with them (AGG26)]. No statistically significant differences were found in the trait aggression network structures across grades, genders, or within gender comparisons of different grades. Conclusion These findings broaden our understanding of aggression in children and adolescents, suggesting that behavioral interventions can effectively reduce aggressive behaviors in this population.

Objective:To analyze the expression of tumor-associated transmembrane protein 61 (TMEM61) in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its influence on prognosis and immune infiltration, as well as the effect on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells.Methods:In the cholangiocarcinoma gene chip dataset (TCGA-CHOL), differentially expressed genes between cholangiocarcinoma tissues and normal bile duct tissues were screened, and the upregulated TMEM61 gene was selected for further analysis. Based on the TMEM61 expression, cholangiocarcinoma patients higher than the median value were classified as the high-expression group ( n=17), and those lower than the median value were classified as the low-expression group ( n=18). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on differentially expressed genes related to TMEM61, and the correlations between TMEM61 expression and immune cells and immune molecules were respectively analyzed. The expression level of TMEM61 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry; The effect of TMEM61 expression on the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells was detected by Western blotting, CCK-8, clone formation assay, etc. Results:Compared with normal tissues, the expression of TMEM61 mRNA in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was significantly upregulated ( t=18.31, P<0.001). The overall survival rate of patients in the high-expression group of TMEM61 was significantly lower than that in the low-expression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=7.23, P=0.007). The differentially expressed genes related to TMEM61 were involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle and DNA replication, etc. Compared with normal tissues, regulatory T cells ( t=10.21, P<0.001) and M0-type macrophages ( t=5.89, P=0.008) were significantly increased in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. Plasma cells ( t=7.34, P=0.002), γδT cells ( t=9.87, P<0.001), and M2-type macrophages ( t=11.53, P<0.001) were significantly decreased in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. The expression of TMEM61 was correlated with neurociliary protein 1, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 and B7 homologous protein 3 (all P<0.05). The proportion of positive staining area of TMEM61 protein in normal tissues was (10.15±2.27) %, and that in cholangiocarcinoma tissues was (69.43±11.66) %. The difference was statistically significant ( t=14.97, P<0.001). Inhibition of TMEM61 expression led to a decrease in the number of cholangiocarcinoma cell clones and proliferation activity, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.01). Conclusion:The expression of TMEM61 is elevated in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. The abnormally high expression of TMEM61 affects the infiltration of immune cells and promotes the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells. TMEM61 is expected to become a potential biomarker for the prognosis assessment of cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effects of scribble planar cell polarity protein(SCRIB)on proliferation,apoptosis,and autophagy of glioblastoma(GBM)and elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression level of SCRIB in GBM tissue was queried through the Biomarker Exploration of Solid Tumors(BEST)database.Lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference was employed to downregulate SCRIB expression in human glioblastoma cell lines U87 and U251,which were divided into negative control group(mock)and SCRIB shRNA interference groups(kd1 and kd2).SCRIB expression levels were detected using Western blotting(WB)and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).EdU incorporation and cell apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry(FCM).CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells,and WB was used to detect the expression of proliferation-related proteins.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was conducted to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62,followed by quantitative analysis across multiple fields.WB was also used to detect the expression levels of LC3,p62,and proteins in the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway.Results Compared with that of normal tissues,SCRIB mRNA expression level was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues(P＜0.05).FCM results showed that EdU incorporation rates were significantly reduced(P＜0.001)while cell apoptosis rates were markedly increased(P＜0.001)in U87 and U251 cells with SCRIB knockdown.CCK-8 results indicated that compared with the mock group,the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells in the SCRIB knockdown group was significantly downregulated(P＜0.001).IF staining showed that LC3 fluorescence aggregation was significantly enhanced(P＜0.001),while p62 fluorescence aggregation was significantly reduced(P＜0.001)in the SCRIB knockdown group.WB results showed that compared with the mock group,the protein expression levels of p27,LC3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated,while C-Myc,Cyclin D1,MCM,PCNA and p62 were downregulated,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of SCRIB may induce autophagy and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby suppressing cell proliferation.

Portal hypertension is a major complication of cirrhosis. The current gold standard for diagnosis is the hepatic venous pressure gradient, but it possesses limitations such as invasiveness. In recent years, non-invasive tests have made significant progress in terms of evaluating and prognostication of portal hypertension. This article reviews the diagnostic value and related research advancements of different non-invasive tests in assessing portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the cognitive function and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) on tDCS for Parkinson's disease were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP and Wanfang Data from the inception to September, 2023. Control group was administered standard Parkinson's medications or placebo, physical therapy, and cognitive rehabilitation, while treatment group received tDCS additionally. The quality of the researches was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Data synthesis and analysis were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0, with heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses. ResultsEight articles were included. tDCS significantly improved the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MD = 2.00, 95%CI 1.13 to 2.87, P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the scores of Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (MD = 0.73, 95%CI -5.78 to 7.23, P = 0.830), Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ(MD = -0.77, 95%CI -7.14 to 5.60, P = 0.810), and Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ (MD = 1.60, 95%CI -0.77 to 3.97, P = 0.190). ConclusiontDCS may improve cognitive function of patients with Parkinson's disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced septic myocardial injury in mice and the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage M1 polarization in the process.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control(CON)group,LPS(L)group,HIIT+saline injection(E)group,and HIIT+LPS(EL)group.Six weeks of HIIT intervention was followed by intraperitoneal injection of LPS,and cardiac function indexes were measured by echocardiography 12 hours post the injection.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to evaluate the morphology and pathological characteristics of myocardium for assessing myocardial damage score;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to test the content of myocardial damage indicators(AST,CK-MB,LDH);RT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA levels of NLRP3 inflammasome(NLRP3,Caspase-1),atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),myeloperoxidase(MPO)and macrophage M1-associated inflammasome factors(IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6);Western blot was applied to measure the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC)in cardiac tissues;immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome,ASC,IL-18 and iNOS.Compared with the CON group,mice in the LPS group showed obvious decrease in body weight,a significant decrease in EF and FS,a significant increase in LVESD and LVEDD,obvious pathological damage in myocardial tissue,a significant increase in myocardial damage fraction,a significant increase in serum myocardial damage indexes,and a significant increase in the expression levels of BNP,MPO,NLRP3 inflammasome,iNOS,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α.HIIT treatment could reverse these changes mentioned above in model mice.In conclusion,6 weeks of HIIT inhibits the activation of LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome and suppressed macrophage M1-type polarization,thereby combating septic myocardial injury.

Objective To study the efficacy of breathing training in the patients with chronic non-spe-cific low back pain (CNLBP).Methods The databases of Pubmed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Librar-y,CNKI,China Biomedical Literature Database,Wanfang Database and VIP Database were searched for obtai-ning relevant trials of respiratory-related training for treating CNLBP.The retrieval time limit was from the database establishment to October 2022.The quality assessment was performed by using the Cochrane Manual for Systematic Reviews,and the data analysis was performed by using StataSE15.1 software.Results Nine-teen articles were finally obtained,involving in 1011 cases.The meta analysis showed that the visual analogue scale (VAS) score or pain numerical scale (NRS) score in the experiment group were lower than those in the control group (MD=-1.19,95％CI:-1.51 to-0.87,P<0.05),and the Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) score was lower than that in the control group (MD=-0.64,95％CI:-0.91 to-0.38,P<0.05). For different types of the patients,the improvement effects of VAS score for different types of patients with CNLBP from high to low were in turn postpartum patients (MD=-1.89,95％CI:-2.51 to-1.27,P<0.05),athletes (MD=-1.46,95％CI:-1.79 to-1.13,P<0.05) and general population (MD=-1.01,95％CI:-1.40 to-0.61,P<0.05).Conclusion Thebreathing training has the improvement effect for pain,dysfunction,proprioception and posture control in various populations with CNLBP.