ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different exercise interventions on metabolism and liver parameters in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD）， and to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical exercise rehabilitation. MethodsThis study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines， and the protocol was registered on the PROSPERO platform， with a registration number of CRD42025641717. PubMed， Web of Science， Scopus， Wiley Online Library， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and VIP were searched for related articles published up to September 2024. The Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias was used to assess the quality of articles， and Stata MP 17.0 was used to perform the network meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 57 articles were included， involving 2 648 patients. The results showed that aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise had the best effect in improving body mass index （mean difference ［WMD］=-0.97， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： -1.66 to -0.28］， P<0.05， surface under the cumulative ranking curve ［SUCRA］=85.4） and triglycerides （WMD=-29.6， 95%CI： -46.66 to 12.54， P<0.05， SUCRA=87.3）； resistance exercise was the optimal intervention method for improving total cholesterol （WMD=-15.99， 95%CI： -24.19 to -7.79， P<0.05， SUCRA=79.9） and glutamine transaminase （WMD=-8.08， 95%CI： -12.13 to -4.02， P<0.05， SUCRA=87.3）； low-intensity aerobic exercise had the best effect in improving aspartate aminotransferase （WMD=-4.3， 95%CI： -8.45 to -0.15， P<0.05， SUCRA=73.5）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT） （WMD=-3.26， 95%CI： -7.79 to 1.27， P>0.05， SUCRA=82.3）， and glycated hemoglobin （HbA1c） （WMD=-0.6， 95%CI： -2.02 to 0.82， P>0.05， SUCRA=78.8）； moderate-intensity aerobic exercise was the optimal intervention modality to improve Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance （WMD=-0.92， 95%CI： -1.51 to -0.33， P<0.05， SUCRA=69.4）. It should be noted that there were no significant differences in HbA1c and GGT across different exercise interventions （all P>0.05）， suggesting that there was currently no sufficient statistical evidence to support that exercise could improve these two indicators. ConclusionBased on the comprehensive league table and cumulative probability ranking， aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise， resistance exercise， and low- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may be the best exercise modality for improving key indicators in MAFLD patients， and targeted exercise modalities should be selected for intervention against different indicators； however， due to limitations of the original studies， further studies are needed for validation and exploration.

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in urinary system. The life quality of patients reduces obviously after radical resection of bladder. Comprehensive treatment including radiotherapy and chem-otherapy after bladder preservation surgery plays an important role for the prevention of postoperative recur-rence,preservation the function of bladder,and improving the life quality of patients. Image-guided radiothera-py can reduce the setup error and inner boundary caused by the movement of organs,and can alleviate the side reaction of radiation,and it also can provide basis of expanding boundary of planning target volume for the blad-der cancer patients.

Objective To compare the dosage characteristics between three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT)plan and simplified inverse dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)in patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery.Methods 3DCRT and IMRT treament plans were designed for 14 female patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery,4 of whom were left breast cancer cases.A dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions to the whole ipsilateral breast was delivered using 6 MV photons for 3DCRT or IMRT.For 3DCRT plans,tangential field irradiation was adopted.While for IMRT,reverse dynamic intensity modulated technology was done through two pairs of tangential-likely fields, and 10 Gy was boosted to the tumor bed concomitantly in 25 fractions.The conformity index (CI),heterogenei-ty index (HI),dose and volume of organs at risk were evaluated by dose volume histograms (DVH).Results Compared with 3DCRT plans for ipsilateral lung,the high dose volumes were reduced and the low dose volumes were increased in IMRT plans.The same phenomenon was also observed for the heart of the patient with left breast cancer.The crosspoint doses of 3DCRT DVH and IMRT DVH for lung or heart were (25.16 ±9.11) Gy,(28.63 ±10.41 )Gy respectively.There was no difference between the two plans in the V10 of contra-lateral breast [IMRT(4.13 ±5.17)%∶3DCRT(1.99 ±2.43)%,t=2.11,P>0.05],but the D30 and mean of IMRT plan were higher than that of 3DCRT [(2.23 ±1.77)Gy ∶(1.20 ±0.46)Gy,t=2.58,P<0.05;(2.35 ±1.59)Gy ∶(1.54 ±0.88)Gy,t=3.15,P<0.01].The difference in HI between the two plans was not observed [IMRT(1.25 ±0.10)∶3DCRT(1.23 ±0.11),t=1.25,P>0.05].While the CI of IMRT plans were improved compared with 3DCRT [(0.75 ±0.07)∶(0.62 ±0.09),t =5.68,P<0.000 1]. Conclusion Compared with 3DCRT plan in patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery,the main advantages of four fields simplified inverse dynamic IMRT are concomitant tumor boosting, decreasing the high dose volumes of ipsilateral lung,and improving the CI of planning target volume at the same time,but the HI is not improved.The IMRT plan is a simple,rational and feasible design scheme.

Obiective To study the regularity of three-dimensional displacement in respiration of lung cancer. Methods Af-ter CT scanning, the CT images were transferred into target planning system (TPS) to obtain three-dimensional reconstruc-tion images. Then target drawing and noting of target position, tumor volume, lung function, patient gender, age and weight were performed. The images during the course of inspiration and expiration in simulator were scanned and transferred into TPS by DICOM RT port. At last, the three-dimensional displacement curve of the interested points(X,Y and Z axis) could be obtained. Results The three-dimensional real time displacement curve of lung cancer interested points could be estab-fished by the way of collecting simulator images and drawing interested points. The maximum displacement range of the interested points were 4.2mm in Z-axis(head-foot direction), 3.8ram in X-axis(left-right direction), 2.9ram in Y-axis(ante-rior-posterior direction). Conclusion The three--dimensional real time displacement curve of lung cancer at any point of the target can be established by collecting the dynamic images in simulator and reconstructing of the corresponding images in target planning system through the DICOM RT.