Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)is a critical process in the development of various cancers,including glioma.In glioma cells,the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors(HIFs)can influence the occurrence of EMT,promoting cell migration and invasion.This review aims to explore the role of HIF in the EMT process of glioma cells,focusing on its impact on cell migration and invasion,including regulation of angiogenesis,metabolic reprogramming,glycolysis,and the immune system in the tumor microenvironment.Additionally,this review summarizes the role of HIF in EMT-related signaling pathways,such as Wnt/β-catenin(β-catenin),Notch,and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),and provides new insights and directions for further understanding the mechanisms of HIF in the EMT process of glioma cells.

The global COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has infected over 109 million people, leading to over 2 million deaths up to date and still lacking of effective drugs for patient treatment. Here, we screened about 1.8 million small molecules against the main protease (M^pro) and papain like protease (PL^pro), two major proteases in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 genome, and identified 1851M^pro inhibitors and 205 PL^pro inhibitors with low nmol/l activity of the best hits. Among these inhibitors, eight small molecules showed dual inhibition effects on both M^pro and PL^pro, exhibiting potential as better candidates for COVID-19 treatment. The best inhibitors of each protease were tested in antiviral assay, with over 40% of M^pro inhibitors and over 20% of PL^pro inhibitors showing high potency in viral inhibition with low cytotoxicity. The X-ray crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 M^pro in complex with its potent inhibitor 4a was determined at 1.8 Å resolution. Together with docking assays, our results provide a comprehensive resource for future research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development.
Humans ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry* ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry* ; SARS-CoV-2/enzymology* ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins