Objective To investigate the effects of active respiratory circulation technique(ACBT)combined with resistance breathing training on pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A total of 60 hospitalized AECOPD patients from the Geriatrics Department of a tertiary hospital in Kunming were selected as research subjects from January to May 2024.Patients were randomly divided into two groups,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received conventional pulmonary rehabilitation nursing,and the observation group received ACBT combined with resistance breathing training.Pulmonary function indicators,modified British Medical Council(mMRC)dyspnea scores,6-minute walk test(6MWT)distances,and the COPD Assessment Test(CAT)scores were collected 4 weeks after discharge to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness.Results After the intervention,the observation group showed significant improvements in lung function,mMRC scores,6M WT distances,and CAT scores compared to pre-intervention levels,and all were superior to the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion ACBT combined with resistance breathing training can more effectively promote sputum clearance,reduce respiratory muscle fatigue,increase exercise endurance,and improve dyspnea severity and lung function in AECOPD patients.

Objective:To explore the real-life experiences of patients six months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), aiming to provide a reference for developing intervention plans.Methods:This was a descriptive phenomenological study. Purposeful sampling and maximum variation sampling were used to select 24 patients who underwent LSG at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from February to August 2023. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, and the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was applied to inductively extract and refine the themes.Results:A total of six main themes and ten sub-themes were identified through analysis. The main themes were: desires to improve postoperative physical symptoms (gastrointestinal symptoms, hair loss, neurological symptoms, and general symptoms) ; perception of subjective emotions (anxiety, regret, fear, and confidence) ; decreased social adaptability (decline in work ability, impaired social skills) ; general low compliance; desire for professional guidance; and postoperative benefit finding.Conclusions:Six months after LSG, patients primarily experienced physical symptom disturbances, poor psychological states, decreased social adaptability, low compliance, and a desire for professional guidance. However, they also recognized various benefits of the surgery. Healthcare providers should strengthen dynamic symptom assessments and management, guide patients psychologically, enhance social support, and actively improve follow-up and continuous care to help patients improve self-coping abilities and weight loss outcomes.

Objective:To explore the real-life experiences of patients six months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), aiming to provide a reference for developing intervention plans.Methods:This was a descriptive phenomenological study. Purposeful sampling and maximum variation sampling were used to select 24 patients who underwent LSG at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from February to August 2023. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, and the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was applied to inductively extract and refine the themes.Results:A total of six main themes and ten sub-themes were identified through analysis. The main themes were: desires to improve postoperative physical symptoms (gastrointestinal symptoms, hair loss, neurological symptoms, and general symptoms) ; perception of subjective emotions (anxiety, regret, fear, and confidence) ; decreased social adaptability (decline in work ability, impaired social skills) ; general low compliance; desire for professional guidance; and postoperative benefit finding.Conclusions:Six months after LSG, patients primarily experienced physical symptom disturbances, poor psychological states, decreased social adaptability, low compliance, and a desire for professional guidance. However, they also recognized various benefits of the surgery. Healthcare providers should strengthen dynamic symptom assessments and management, guide patients psychologically, enhance social support, and actively improve follow-up and continuous care to help patients improve self-coping abilities and weight loss outcomes.

Abstract：Objective To improve the replication level of varicella⁃zoster virus（VZV）in human diploid cell line MRC⁃5 and increase the yield of VZV vaccine by reducing the expression of interferon（IFN）related genes via optimizing the cell line MRC⁃5. Methods Interferon receptor 1（IFNAR1）silenced MRC⁃5 cell line（MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃）was constructed by CRISPR／Cas9 gene editing technology，which was determined for the relative expression of IFNAR1 mRNA，and for those of mRNA of IFN related genes IFNβ and OAS1 after VZV infection by qRT⁃PCR to evaluate the effect of gene silencing. Gene mutation sequences were further identified by sequencing of the silenced sites. The replication of VZV in MRC⁃5 and MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃ cell lines was compared 168 h after VZV infection by using qRT⁃PCR and plaque formation unit（PFU）assay， to evaluate the effect of MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃cell line on VZV replication. Results The growth status of MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃ cell line wasconsistent with that of MRC ⁃ 5 cells，and the relative expression of IFNAR1 mRNA decreased by 73%；The relative expressions of IFNβ and OAS1 mRNA in MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃ cell line were 61% and 90% lower than those in MRC⁃ 5 cells respectively after VZV infection；In addition，168 h after VZV infection，the level of DNA replication and the titer of VZV increased by 5. 7 folds and 4 folds respectively. Conclusion The successful establishment of MRC⁃5IFNAR1⁃ cell line may be a potential scheme to increase the yield of vaccines based on human diploid cells，and provided a reference for expanding production of VZV vaccine.

Background:Patients with potential difficult mask ventilation (DV) and difficult intubation (DI) are often managed with awake intubation, which can be stressful for patients and anesthesiologists. This prospective randomized study evaluated a new approach, fast difficult airway evaluation (FDAE). We hypothesized that the FDAE approach would reduce the need for awake intubation.

Methods:After obtaining informed consent, 302 patients with potential DV/DI undergoing elective surgeries were randomly assigned to the FDAE group (Group E) and the control group (Group C). In Group E, patients were gradually sedated, and adequacy of manual mask ventilation during spontaneous breathing was assessed at various sedation levels. Awake intubation was applied in those with inadequate mask ventilation. In Group C, DI was evaluated under local anesthesia. However, the care team could intubate under general anesthesia if the vocal cords were visible. The primary outcome was the rate of awake intubations in both groups and the induction efficiency assessed by the induction time. The secondary outcome was the incidence of serious complications.

ResultsThe rate of awake intubation was significantly lower in Group E than that in Group C (5.81% vs. 36.05%, χ = 42.3, P < 0.001). The induction time was much shorter in Group E than in Group C (11.85 ± 4.82 min vs. 18.71 ± 7.85 min, t = 5.39, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intubation related complications between the two groups. Patients in Group E had a much lower incidence of recall (9.68% vs. 44.90%, χ = 47.68, P < 0.001) of the induction process and higher satisfaction levels than patients in Group C (t = 15.36, P < 0.001).

ConclusionsThe FDAE significantly reduces the need for awake intubation and improves the efficiency of the intubation process without comprising safety in patients with potential difficult mask ventilation and DI.

Trial Registration:No. ChiCTR-TRC-11001418; http://www.gctr.org/cn/proj/show.aspx?proj=1562.

Adult ; Airway Management ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Laryngeal Masks ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sevoflurane ; Wakefulness

The present study was aimed to analyze the association rules of Fufang Kushen injection in combination with other modern medications in treating lung cancer based on the electrical medical records in real world clinical situations extracted from hospital information system in Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and provide reference for improving rationality of clinical drug use and exploring the prescription rules as well as subsequent in-depth analysis. The electrical medical records of the hospitalized patients using Fufang Kushen injection for lung cancer were extracted to analyze the frequency distribution characteristics in combined application with western medicine, and Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the specific association rules in combined drug use. A total of 49 597 patients were included in the study. The commonly combined modern medications included 5-HT receptor blockers, antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, antitumor immune regulating drugs, glucocorticoid drugs and analgesics, which was usually applied in combination with traditional Chinese medications such as those for removing blood stasis, spleen and stomach nourishing drugs, Qi-regulating agent, heat-clearing and detoxifying prescriptions, laxative and Qi invigorating agent in clinical treatment. The results revealed that the distribution characteristics in combined application and association combinations of Fufang Kushen injection had specific rules, consistent with the clinical orientation of this drug in treatment of lung cancer. Such results may provide reference for reasonable application of Fufang Kushen injection in clinical treatment.

BACKGROUNDProteasome subunits (PSMB) and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) loci are located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II region play important roles in immune response and protein degradation in neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PSMB and TAP and Parkinson's disease (PD).

METHODSA case-control study was conducted by genotyping SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 genes in the Chinese population. Subjects included 542 sporadic patients with PD and 674 healthy controls. Nine identified SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 were genotyped through SNaPshot testing.

RESULTSThe stratified analysis of rs17587 was specially performed on gender. Data revealed that female patients carry a higher frequency of rs17587-G/G versus (A/A + G/A) compared with controls. But there was no significant difference with respect to the genotypic frequencies of the SNPs in PSMB8, TAP1, and TAP2 loci in PD patients.

CONCLUSIONChinese females carrying the rs17587-G/G genotype in PSMB9 may increase a higher risk for PD, but no linkage was found between other SNPs in HLA Class II region and PD.

ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 3 ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigen Presentation ; Case-Control Studies ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; immunology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; genetics

Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in the maintenance of prostate function and development of prostate cancer. AR is the key target in the therapy of prostate cancer. In this study, a cell-based screening assay was established by dual-luciferase reporter system to analyze the activity of AR. In the screening assay, we detected the anti-prostate cancer activities of rhodiola root extract, wild kiwifruit root extract and tripterygium wilfordii root extract, which may provide a new strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Objective: We used intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to analyze the features of coronary artery atheromatous plaque in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and mild-to-moderate angiographic coronary stenosis. The aim was to determine the clinical significance of plaque characteristics as well as the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and coronary artery lesions. Methods: HbA1c levels were evaluated in 85 patients (96 lesions), of whom 46 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT Group) and 39 had normal blood glucose (NBG Group). IVUS was used to analyze the lesion vessel of both groups qualitatively and quan-titatively. The external elastic membrane area (EEMA), minimal lumen area (MLA), plaque area (PA), and plaque burden (PB) were measured for both the target lesion and the reference segments (reference external elastic membrane area (REEMA), reference minimal lumen area (RMLA), reference plaque area (RPA), and reference plaque burden (RPB), respectively). Results: HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group (P<0.05). In the IGT Group there was more soft plaque, eccentric plaque, and positive remodeling, and less calcification, while in the NBG Group there was much harder plaque and calcification, no reconstruction, and negative remodeling (P<0.05). MLA was smaller in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group, while EEMA, PA, and PB were clearly greater (P<0.05). In the meantime, RMLA was clearly smaller in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group, while RPA and RPB were greater (P<0.05). HbA1c levels were positively correlated with PA and PB, and negatively correlated with MLA. Conclusion: IVUS is very valuable for the evaluation of mild-to-moderate coronary lesions. The coronary artery lesions in patients with IGT are more serious and widespread than those in patients with NBG. HbA1c levels might be of some value in assessing the severity of coronary artery lesions.

Objective: We used intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to analyze the features of coronary artery atheromatous plaque in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and mild-to-moderate angiographic coronary stenosis. The aim was to determine the clinical significance of plaque characteristics as well as the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and coronary artery lesions. Methods: HbA1c levels were evaluated in 85 patients (96 lesions), of whom 46 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT Group) and 39 had normal blood glucose (NBG Group). IVUS was used to analyze the lesion vessel of both groups qualitatively and quan-titatively. The external elastic membrane area (EEMA), minimal lumen area (MLA), plaque area (PA), and plaque burden (PB) were measured for both the target lesion and the reference segments (reference external elastic membrane area (REEMA), reference minimal lumen area (RMLA), reference plaque area (RPA), and reference plaque burden (RPB), respectively). Results: HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group (P<0.05). In the IGT Group there was more soft plaque, eccentric plaque, and positive remodeling, and less calcification, while in the NBG Group there was much harder plaque and calcification, no reconstruction, and negative remodeling (P<0.05). MLA was smaller in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group, while EEMA, PA, and PB were clearly greater (P<0.05). In the meantime, RMLA was clearly smaller in the IGT Group than in the NBG Group, while RPA and RPB were greater (P<0.05). HbA1c levels were positively correlated with PA and PB, and negatively correlated with MLA. Conclusion: IVUS is very valuable for the evaluation of mild-to-moderate coronary lesions. The coronary artery lesions in patients with IGT are more serious and widespread than those in patients with NBG. HbA1c levels might be of some value in assessing the severity of coronary artery lesions.