OBJECTIVE: The relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the oxidative balance score (OBS) will be discussed in this study. METHODS: The clinical data on 16 dimensions of diet and 4 dimensions of lifestyle from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2008 were used to calculate OBS. We considered BPH as the outcome and investigated the linear and nonlinear relationships between the two. Additionally, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted as well. Furthermore, the methods of machine learning including XGBoost, support vector machine (SVM) and naive Bayes (NB) were used to establish a predictive model for BPH. RESULTS: Higher OBS was consistently associated with an increased prevalence of BPH, with Restricted Cubic Splines highlighting a significant positive nonlinear association (P=0.015). Subgroup analyses revealed differences and interactive relationships based on alcohol consumption. Among the seven machine learning models that we included the OBS score in, the XGBoost model emerged as the best, with an AUC value of 0.769. CONCLUSION There is a significant association between OBS and the prevalence of BPH in the American population, which provides a valuable insight for further diagnosis and research of the disease.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology* ; Machine Learning ; Bayes Theorem ; Nutrition Surveys ; Support Vector Machine ; Life Style ; Oxidative Stress ; Aged ; Diet ; Prevalence

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the lipid metabolism-related gene sterol carrier protein 2(SCP2) and prostate cancer (PCa) from a multi-omics perspective using single-cell transcriptomes combined with Mendelian randomization. Methods： Single-cell transcriptome data of benign and malignant prostate tissues were obtained from GSE120716, GSE157703 and GSE141445 datasets, respectively. Integration, quality control and annotation were performed on the data to categorize the epithelial cells into high and low SCP2 expression groups, followed by further differential and trajectory analyses. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for SCP2 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) were subsequently downloaded from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and investigated from the PCa Society Cancer-Related Genomic Alteration Panel for the Investigation of Cancer-Related Alterations (PRACTICAL) to obtain PCa outcome data for Mendelian randomization analysis to validate the causal relationship between SCP2 and PCa. Results： High SCP2-expressing epithelial cells had higher energy metabolism and proliferation capacity with low immunotherapy response and metastatic tendency. Trajectory analysis showed that epithelial cells with high SCP2 expression may have a higher degree of malignancy, and SCP2 may be a key marker gene for differentiation of malignant epithelial cells in the prostate. Further Mendelian randomization results showed a significant causal relationship between SCP2 and PCa development (OR=1.045, 95% CI: 1.010 －1.083, P=0.011). Conclusion： By combining single-cell transcriptome and Mendelian randomization, the role of the lipid metabolism-related gene SCP2 in PCa development has been confirmed, and new targets and therapeutic directions for PCa treatment have been provided.
Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics* ; Male ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Carrier Proteins/genetics* ; Transcriptome ; Lipid Metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of simple carbohydrate given 2 h before operation on postoperative insulin resistance and gastrointestinal function in elderly patients with trauma undergoing spinal anesthesia.Methods This was a randomized controlled clinical study.A total of 90 elderly patients with intertrochanteric femoral fracture/femoral neck fracture admitted to the Traumatic Orthopedics Department of the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from October 2023 to February 2024 were randomly divided equally into control group(fasting with water before surgery)and carbohydrate group(CHO group,drinking 200 ml of pulsatile water at 2 h before surgery).All the patients received spinal anesthesia.The control group excluded 2 patients who completed surgery and were admitted to the ICU,2 patients received epidural anesthesia,and finally included 41 patients;3 patients were excluded from the CHO group under epidural anesthesia,2 patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia,and finally 40 patients were included.Baseline data of patients were collected,including gender,age,Charlson comorbidity index(CCI),presence or absence of diabetes,body mass index(BMI),American Association of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classification,etc.The patient's surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,first postoperative exhaust time,type of surgery,length of hospital stay,mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)at four time points during surgery[entry(T1),post-anesthesia(T2),mid-operation(T3),and exit(T4)],perioperative blood glucose,insulin levels,C-reactive protein(CRP),and intestinal barrier function indicators(diamine oxidase,D-lactate,and bacterial endotoxin),as well as self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),visual analogue scale of pain(VAS),and Ramsay scores were recorded.Preoperative and postoperative use of the delirium diagnostic scale(3D-CAM)assessed the presence of delirium in patients.Results Eighty-one patients aged(77.7±9.5)years were included.Compared with control group,the first exhaust time in CHO group was significantly shorter[4.59(3.25,7.39)h vs.10.23(7.97,14.76)h,P<0.001],postoperative insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)was significantly decreased[5.13(2.38,10.30)vs.7.34(2.31,12.55),P<0.001].The change rate of HOMA-IR(ΔHOMA-IR)also decreased significantly(P<0.001);There were no significant differences in intestinal barrier function indexes between the two groups(P>0.05);The levels of D-lactic acid and bacterial endotoxin in control group were significantly increased after operation,and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.010,P=0.031),In CHO group,there was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative indexes(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the perioperative scale score,incidence of delirium and the length of hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Taking simple carbohydrates 2 h before surgery can significantly shorten the first exhaust time,reduce insulin resistance and the incidence of delirium,and improve gastrointestinal function in elderly trauma patients undergoing spinal anesthesia,thus providing clinical basis for accelerated postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients.

Exploring the risk "time interval window" of sequential medication of Reduning injection (RDN) and penicillin G injection (PG) by detecting the correlation between serum biochemical indexes and plasma metabonomic characteristics, in order to reduce the risk of adverse reactions caused by the combination of RDN and PG. All animal experiments and welfare are in accordance with the requirements of the First Affiliated Experimental Animal Ethics and Animal Welfare Committee of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: YFYDW2020002). The changes of biochemical indexes in serum of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was determined that RDN combined with PG could cause pseudo-allergic reactions (PARs) activated by complement pathway. Further investigation was carried out at different time intervals (1.5, 2, 3.5, 4, 6, and 8 h PG+RDN). It was found that sequential administration within 3.5 h could cause significant PARs. However, PARs were significantly reduced after administration interval of more than 4 h. LC-MS was used for plasma metabolomics analysis, and the levels of serum biochemical indicators and plasma metabolic profile characteristics were compared in parallel. 22 differential metabolites showed similar or opposite trends to biochemical indicators before and after 3.5 h. And enriched to 10 PARs-related pathways such as arachidonic acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. In conclusion, there is a risk "time interval window" phenomenon in the adverse drug reactions caused by the sequential use of RDN and PG, and the interval medication after the "time interval window" can significantly reduce the risk of adverse reactions.

Based on the strategy of metabolomics combined with bioinformatics, this study analyzed the potential allergens and mechanism of pseudo-allergic reactions (PARs) induced by the combined use of Reduning injection and penicillin G injection. All animal experiments and welfare are in accordance with the requirements of the First Affiliated Experimental Animal Ethics and Animal Welfare Committee of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: YFYDW2020002). Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology combined with UNIFI software, a total of 21 compounds were identified in Reduning and penicillin G mixed injection. Based on molecular docking technology, 10 potential allergens with strong binding activity to MrgprX2 agonist sites were further screened. Metabolomics analysis using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology revealed that 34 differential metabolites such as arachidonic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes were endogenous differential metabolites of PARs caused by combined use of Reduning injection and penicillin G injection. Through the analysis of the "potential allergen-target-endogenous differential metabolite" interaction network, the chlorogenic acids (such as chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and isochlorogenic acid A) and β-lactam allergens in the combination of the two may be mainly regulated by PLD1, PLA2G12A and CYP1A1. The three upstream signal target proteins mainly activate the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway, promote the degranulation of mast cells, release downstream endogenous inflammatory mediators, and induce PARs.

This article elaborates on the complex cross-talk and close relationship between muscles and bones involved in this disease,as well as its pathogenesis.It also summarizes that the difficulty of its treatment lies in the need to simultaneously consider both muscles and bones.And elaborated on the key role of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in embryonic development,tissue morphology establishment,and human tissue regeneration and repair.Investigated the remodeling effect of the Hedgehog signaling pathway on skeletal muscle from three aspects:Proliferation and differentiation of muscle stem cells,precursor cell and muscle fiber generation,inhibition of inflammation,and regulation of immunity;this article elucidates the role of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in bone reconstruction from two aspects.

Objective Insect-specific viruses(ISVs)in Aedes albopictus are closely associated with the transmission and replication of pathogenic infectious agents,such as dengue,chikungunya and Zika virus.In this study,their genome sequence was deciphered to provide a theoretical basis for developing of novel insect-borne virus control strategies.Methods Next-generation sequencing(NGS)technology was used to investigate ISVs in Ae.albopictus field populations collected from three port areas in Jiangxi Province(Nanchang Changbei Airport,Jiujiang Chengxi Port and Ganzhou Port).Results It turned out that the ISV Aedes albopictus anphevirus(AealbAV)was widely detected in the three field Ae.albopictus populations.Sequencing reads were assembled using MEGAHIT software and two strains of AealbAV were obtained that were highly homologous(＞98％)to the virus strain,MW147277.1(identified in the US).The GenBank numbers of the two strains were Jiujiang OR715784 and Ganzhou OR729834.In addition,we sequenced the Nanchang strain,but failed to obtain an assembled full-length genome.Conclusion AealbAV is prevalent in Ae.albopictus populations in Jiangxi,and its genomic research provides a theoretical basis for integrated control of Ae.albopictus using insect-specific viruses in port areas.

The end of the COVID-19 infection peak in 2022 prompts a backlog of cardiovascular surgical patients to gradually return to the hospital, resulting in a surge in cardiovascular surgeries. However, against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical practice of cardiovascular surgery faces many problems. Therefore, organized by Beijing Anzhen Hospital, experts in cardiovascular surgery and related fields have formulated hospital expert experience on perioperative treatment principles of cardiovascular surgery for patients infected with COVID-19. This article summarizes the clinical decision-making of patients requiring cardiovascular surgery after COVID-19 infection, and advises on the corresponding recommendations according to the existing evidence-based medical evidence as well as the actual clinical practice experience of relevant experts. The main content of the article includes special requirements for cardiovascular surgical treatment indications in patients with COVID-19 infection, selection of surgical timing, special requirements of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management, etc., which aims to provide COVID-19-infected patients with guidance on rational decision-making when receiving cardiovascular surgery.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the initiator of RNA interference and inhibits gene expression by targeted degradation of specific messenger RNA. siRNA-mediated gene regulation has high efficiency and specificity and exhibits great significance in the treatment of diseases. However, the naked or unmodified siRNA has poor stability, easy to degrade by nuclease, short half-life, and low intracellular delivery. As an emerging non-viral nucleic acid delivery system, ionizable lipid nanoparticles play an important role in improving the druggability of siRNA. At present, one siRNA drug based on ionizable lipid nanoparticles has been approved for the treatment of rare disease. This review introduces the research progress in ionizable lipid nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, focusing on the effect of each component of lipid nanoparticles on the efficiency of siRNA-mediated gene silencing, which provides new references for the studies on ionizable lipid nanocarriers for siRNA delivery.