To address the scarcity of annotated data for pediatric abdominal CT imaging and the insufficient generalization capability of existing models, we constructed a self-supervised pretraining architecture tailored for pediatric CT domain adaptation based on the visual foundation model DINOv3, and validated its performance in the task of pediatric abdominal multi-organ segmentation.

Quality control (QC) of biospecimens from oral and maxillofacial tumors patients constitutes a critical foundation for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and precision medicine research of these diseases. Biospecimen quality directly governs the discovery and validation of disease biomarkers, the elucidation of pathogenesis, and the efficacy of clinical translation. QC spans the entire biospecimen lifecycle—encompassing collection, processing, storage, transportation, and utilization. Its primary objectives are to ensure sample integrity, reliability, traceability, and consistency, thereby guaranteeing the robustness of research data; the accuracy of molecular subtyping, biomarker identification, and treatment response prediction; and the precision of clinical decision-making. However, current QC frameworks for these biospecimens remain underdeveloped. Drawing on domestic and international technical standards, regulatory guidelines, and recent research advances, this paper elaborates on the importance of implementing a QC management system throughout the biospecimen lifecycle. It focuses on QC methodologies tailored to diverse biospecimen types, examining how standardized sampling procedures, regulated preprocessing workflows, and optimized long-term storage conditions influence sample quality. We aim to provide concrete guidance and a transferable paradigm for establishing standardized QC protocols and an informatics-enabled traceability system specific to oral and maxillofacial tumors. Such efforts are intended to enhance the research value and clinical utility of these biospecimens, furnishing reliable sample resources and technical support for the development of precision diagnostics and therapeutics. Furthermore, we advocate for a dual-track “QC plus Ethics” management framework within biobanks. This approach would reinforce ethical and legal safeguards, establishing a robust barrier to support safe scientific innovation and clinical translation.

Objective:To explore the neurophysiological features of the prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit in patients with early-stage bipolar disorder without manic or hypomanic episodes, and its role in identifying early-stage bipolar disorder.Methods:From 2009 to 2019, a total of 155 hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) from Nanjing Brain Hospital were selected after at least 5 years of follow-up, 31 patients with depression transitioned to bipolar disorder(ctBD group) and 76 patients remained the diagnosis of MDD(MDD group) were recruited.Sixty-two healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education years were selected as control group(HC group). Resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) data in eyes-open state of all subjects were collected.Data were analyzed based on the fieldtrip toolkit on the MATLAB platform. The key brain area of the prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit were selected. Inter-group statistical analysis were conducted on the spectral energy and power-correlated functional connectivity at the theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands in the brain area of interest. In addition, the prediction model was constructed to early recognize bipolar disorder.Results:(1)There were statistically significant differences in the spectral energy of theta and alpha frequency bands in the prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit among the 3 groups (cluster- F=120.50, 112.39, both P<0.05). The spectral energy of theta and alpha frequency bands in interest brain regions of prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit in MDD group was lower than that in HC group (cluster- t=89.52, P<0.05). The spectral energy of theta band in prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit in ctBD group was lower than that in HC group(cluster- t=105.82, P<0.05), and the spectral energy of alpha band in inferior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal gyrus and caudate nucleus was lower than that in HC group (cluster- t=75.78, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the MDD group and the ctBD group ( P>0.05).(2)After FDR correction, there were statistically significant differences in functional connectivity between the left orbitofrontal gyrus and the right ventral striatum among the three groups (0.26 (0.13, 0.34), 0.12 (0.09, 0.24), 0.27 (0.20, 0.37), H=13.51, P<0.05, FDR correction). The strength of functional connectivity between the left orbitofrontal gyrus and the right ventral striatum in the MDD group was weaker than that in the HC group and the ctBD group (all P<0.05).(3)Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the functional connectivity of beta frequency band between the left orbitofrontal gyrus and the right ventral striatum ( B=1.50, OR=4.50, 95% CI=1.73-11.70), the functional connectivity between the right orbitofrontal gyrus and the right amygdala( B=0.98, OR=2.68, 95% CI=1.18-6.13), the total HAMD score ( B=0.80, OR=2.28, 95% CI=1.36-3.67), the body weight factor score ( B=-1.99, OR=0.14, 95% CI=0.04-0.45), the anxiety factor score ( B=-0.99, OR=0.37, 95% CI=0.19-0.71), and sleep factor score( B=-1.14, OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.16-0.65)were the influencing factors for depression transitioned to bipolar disorder. Conclusion:The decreased resting low-frequency energy in the prefrontal-limbic-striatal circuit may be the common neural basis for the onset of unipolar and bipolar depression, and enhanced functional connectivity may be a potential neural circuit mechanism for depression transitioned to bipolar disorder. Functional connectivity combined with clinical manifestations is helpful for early recognition of bipolar disorder.

Aim To explore the molecular mechanism of Tongluo Tangtai(TLTT)prescription in the preven-tion and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)based on network pharmacology and in vitro experimental verification.Methods The chemical composition information of Tongluo Tangtai was searched by TCMSP database and literature search,and the target of chemical composition was collected by PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction database.DPN targets were collected through GeneCards database.GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment of common target proteins were analyzed using DAVID database.The correlation network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape software,and the main active components and target genes were screened for molecular docking study.The in vitro model of DPN was constructed in Schwann cells induced by high glucose.The effect of TLTT on the survival rate of RSC96 cells was detected by CCK-8 method,and the gene expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway related target molecules in RSC96 cells was detected by Real-time PCR.The expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins in RSC96 cells were detected by Western blot.Results The main active components such as stigmasterol,β-si-tosterol and quercetin were screened,which mainly ac-ted on EGFR,AKT1,MAPK3 and Wnt,PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.The molecular docking re-sults showed that stigmasterol,β-sitosterol,quercetin and other components could dock well with EGFR,AKT1,MAPK3 and other targets.The results of cell experiment showed that 10％TLTT drug-containing ser-um could promote the viability of high-glucose Schwann cells,up-regulate the expression of β-catenin protein,and down-regulate the expression of GSK-3β and Wif-1 protein.Conclusions TLTT has the characteristics of multi-target-multi-pathway in the treatment of DPN.The possible mechanism is that TLTT activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,improves the inhibi-tory effect of high glucose on the proliferation of Schwann cells,promotes the proliferation of Schwann cells,and thus improves the status of DPN.

Corneal refractive surgery has fulfilled the needs of a growing number of patients seeking spectacle independence, thanks to its favorable corrective outcomes and high safety profile.However, corneal refractive surgery alters the cornea's structural organization while correcting refractive errors, which leads to a reduction in corneal biomechanical strength.Serious complications such as postoperative corneal ectasia occasionally occur.As a result, corneal biomechanics has gained widespread attention in the field of refractive surgery.This article reviews the structure and biomechanical properties of the cornea, current clinically commonly used methods for assessing corneal biomechanics, potential novel measurement techniques, as well as the clinical application of corneal biomechanics alone or in combination with corneal topography in screening for keratoconus prior to refractive surgery.Additionally, the impact of different refractive surgical techniques, such as photorefractive keratectomy, laser in situ keratomileusis, and small incision lenticule extraction, on corneal biomechanical properties are discussed.Finally, the application of corneal biomechanical measurements in evaluating postoperative corneal safety is summarized.

Objective:To explore the influence of initial high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities on the outcomes of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after post-transplant Cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:A retrospective cohort study.AML children who underwent PTCy-based allo-HSCT after the first complete remission at Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between April 2017 and April 2024 were enrolled.Patients were divided into intermediate-risk and high-risk groups based on their initial cytogenetic features.These patients were further divided into complex karyotype, 11q23 rearrangement, and other karyotype groups.Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes were compared among these groups.Measurement and count data were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum/Kruskal-Wallis and χ2 tests, respectively.Survival and risk factor analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods, respectively. Results:A total of 51 AML children who underwent allo-HSCT were included in this study.The median age at transplantation was 3.2 years and the median follow-up time was 4.6 years.There were 26 cases in the intermediate-risk group and 25 cases in the high-risk group; 8 cases in the complex karyotype group, 14 cases in the 11q23 rearrangement group, and 29 cases in the other karyotype groups.By the end of the follow-up on November 30, 2024, 11 patients relapsed, 8 patients died, and 13 patients developed grades Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).The 3-year overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and grades Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD-free and relapse-free survival (GRFS) were 84.0% (95% CI: 74.4%-94.8%), 74.5% (95% CI: 63.4%-87.5%), and 58.8% (95% CI: 46.7%-74.0%), respectively.The 3-year OS of the high-risk group was significantly lower than that of the intermediate-risk group (71.8% vs.96.2%, P=0.022), while differences in 3-year RFS and GRFS between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (68.0% vs.80.8%, P=0.400; 52.0% vs.65.4%, P=0.420).The 3-year OS, RFS and GRFS of the complex karyotype group were significantly lower than those of 11q23 rearrangement and other karyotype groups (50.0% vs.85.7%, 93.1%, P=0.009; 37.5% vs.85.7%, 79.3%, P=0.022; 25.0% vs.64.3%, 65.5%, P=0.049).Multivariate analysis showed that a complex karyotype was an independent prognostic factor affecting 3-year OS and GRFS [OS: HR=6.79 (95% CI: 1.13-43.80), P=0.044; GRFS: HR=3.72(95% CI: 1.13-12.20), P=0.030]. Conclusions:High-risk cytogenetic features are significant predictors of survival outcomes in pediatric AML patients undergoing PTCy-based allo-HSCT.

Objective:The clinical symptoms of children with global developmental delay (GDD) were analyzed to provide the scientific basis for the intervention of children with GDD.Methods:The results of the neuro-psychobehavioral scale were collected from 32 511 children with GDD from June 2020 to November 2023. Inclusion criteria: Children diagnosed with GDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V, ages 0.0 to 4.9 years. Exclusion criteria: children with common hearing impairment and visual impairment. The Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results:There were more boys than girls with GDD in outpatient clinics (68.2% vs. 31.8%). Among the children, the proportion of developmental delay in 5, 4, 3, and 2 domains was 31.1%, 23.4%, 22.9% and 22.6% respectively. The rate of delay in 2-3 domains was lower in boys (41.9%) than in girls (53.1%). The rate of delay in 4-5 domains was higher in boys (58.1%) than in girls (46.9%) ( χ2=352.11, P<0.001). Overall, outpatient GDD decreased with age. From 1.0-1.9 to 4.0-4.9 years of age, the proportion of children with developmental delay in 5 domains increased with age (18.2%, 36.4%, 43.9%, 52.4%). Among children aged 0.0-0.9 years, the proportion of 2 domains of developmental delay was higher (33.4%).Among children aged 1.0-1.9 years, the proportion of 2-3 domains of developmental delay was higher (30.7%). Among children aged 2.0-, 3.0-, 4.0-4.9 years, the proportion of developmental delay in 5 domains was higher (36.4%, 43.9%, 52.4%). In children with GDD, the fine motor delay occurred most frequently (85.1%), followed by social self-care (83.9%), language (79.0%), adaptation (62.3%), and gross motor (52.8%). The frequency of developmental delays in fine motor, adaptability, language, and social self-care in boys was higher than that in girls ( χ2=161.37, χ2=41.10, χ2=320.90, χ2=238.54, all P<0.001). The age groups with the highest delay incidence of gross motor, fine motor, adaptability, language, and social self-care were: 4.0-4.9 years (70.6%), 3.0-3.9 years (97.4%), 4.0-4.9 years (81.2%), 2.0-2.9 years (90.9%),2.0-2.9 years (95.4%). The proportions of fine motor delay in GDD children aged 0.0-0.9, 3.0-3.9 and 4.0-4.9 years were (74.5%, 97.4%, 96.8%) and the proportions of social self-care delay in GDD children aged 1.0- and 2.0-2.9 years were (92.1%, 95.4%). Peripheral and mild developmental delays were predominant in children with GDD. The proportion of severe language delay (6.4%) was higher than that in other fields. Conclusions:The proportion of GDD children with developmental delay in 4-5 domains was 54.5%. The most frequent domain of delay was fine motor. The frequencies of developmental delays in fine motor skills, adaptability, language, and social self-care in boys were higher than in girls. Most of the developmental delays in GDD children were marginal and mild. The rate of severe developmental delay in language was higher than in other domains.

Inflammatory response,immunosuppression,and drug sensitivity have been reported to have a significant correlation with the disulfidptosis levels in cancer patients.However,the value of disulfidpto-sis in colorectal cancer therapy remains unclear.Therefore,we classified the CRC cells into different cell types using single-cell sequencing data and cell-specific markers and analyzed their relationship with the cell disulfidptosis level.We found that the high disulfidptosis regions were concentrated in epithelial-like CRC cells.Further exploration using the disulfidptosis and programmed cell death 1 inhibitor therapy treated differential expression genes indicated that CRC patients with high disulfidptosis levels exhibited a lower risk profile and increased sensitivity to immunotherapy.By using the spatial transcriptomic analy-sis,we found that ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1(UQCRC1),a disulfidptosis-related gene,is highly expressed in epithelial-like CRC cells and co-localized with immune-infiltrated tumor re-gions.Additional bioinformatic analyses and experimental validation further confirmed that UQCRC1 was downregulated in CRC tissues.Overexpression of UQCRC1 suppressed CRC cell proliferation and migra-tion.These findings indicate that UQCRC1 is a potential target for CRC diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:Investigation of the relationship between variant angina pectoris syncope and coronary artery spastic targeted location, arrhythmias, and coronary artery stenostic lesion.Methods:This study combined retrospective and prospective registry approaches. Data were sourced from the case database of Henan province "Multicenter Clinical Observation Study of Variant Angina Pectoris". A total of 507 patients with variant angina pectoris who had complete records from June 1980 to December 2022 were consecutively enrolled. Select patients among them who experienced syncope, and analyze the target vessel sites of coronary artery spasm, arrhythmias during variant angina pectoris attacks, and the degree of stenosis in coronary artery lesions.Results:Among 507 variant angina pectoris patients, 88 experienced syncope. Age was (53.9±9.7) years and 66 patients (75.0%) were male. Forty patients (45.5%, 40/88) were aged 50-59 years. The incidence of syncope in variant angina pectoris caused by left anterior descending artery (LAD) spasm, right coronary artery (RCA) spasm, and multivessel coronary artery spasm was 7.4% (15/202), 22.7% (42/185), and 23.6% (25/106), respectively. The latter two were significantly higher than those in the LAD group ( P all<0.05). Among 77 patients with variant angina pectoris syncope, definitive electrocardiogram recordings were available during syncope episodes. All patients exhibited arrhythmias during syncope: 34 cases involved tachyarrhythmias and 43 cases involved bradyarrhythmias. The incidence of rapid arrhythmias in patients with LAD, RCA, and multi-vessel spasm syncope was 72.7% (8/11), 24.3% (9/37), and 54.2% (13/24), respectively, with P<0.05 for the first two. Bradyarrhythmias occurred in 27.3% (3/11) of LAD, 75.7% (28/37) of RCA, and 45.8% (11/24) of multivessel coronary artery spasm syncope cases, with the first two showing P<0.05. Coronary angiography analysis of 56 syncope patients revealed target vessel locations and stenosis severity: 12 patients had LAD lesions and 41 had RCA lesions, stenosis ≥50% occurred in 66.7% (8/12) and 43.9% (18/41) of these lesions, respectively ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Variant angina pectoris syncope predominantly affects middle-aged males. Bradyarrhythmias triggered by RCA spasm are a common cause, while the incidence of syncope shows no significant correlation with the degree of coronary artery stenostic lesion, whether in the LAD or the RCA.

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)play a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration,and the extracellular vesicle(EV)released by them holds great promise for applications in clinical biomarkers,vaccines,and drug delivery.However,MSCs-derived EV(MSCs-EV)face challenges such as low pro-duction yield,poor retention,and targeted delivery issues.There-fore,engineering MSCs-EV to enhance their performance and en-able visual research has become a hot topic.Curcumin(CUR),an active component in traditional chinese medicine,exhibits pharmacological effects but has limited bioavailability.Using MSCs-EV as a carrier for CUR delivery can address its solubility and bioavailability challenges.This article reviews the drug loading methods,engineering strategies of MSCs-EV,and their important applications in the delivery and treatment of CUR for cartilage injury diseases.It provides a basis for the clinical ap-plication of engineered MSCs-EV in CUR delivery for cartilage repair,offering potential solutions to the challenges in cartilage tissue repair.