Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common head and neck malignancy. Approximately 50% to 60% of patients with OSCC are diagnosed at a locally advanced stage (clinical staging III-IVa). Even with comprehensive and sequential treatment primarily based on surgery, the 5-year overall survival rate remains below 50%, and patients often suffer from postoperative functional impairments such as difficulties with speaking and swallowing. Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors are increasingly used in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced OSCC and have shown encouraging efficacy. However, clinical practice still faces key challenges, including the definition of indications, optimization of combination regimens, and standards for efficacy evaluation. Based on the latest research advances worldwide and the clinical experience of the expert group, this expert consensus systematically evaluates the application of PD-1 inhibitors in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced OSCC, covering combination strategies, treatment cycles and surgical timing, efficacy assessment, use of biomarkers, management of special populations and immune related adverse events, principles for immunotherapy rechallenge, and function preservation strategies. After multiple rounds of panel discussion and through anonymous voting using the Delphi method, the following consensus statements have been formulated: 1) Neoadjuvant therapy with PD-1 inhibitors can be used preoperatively in patients with locally advanced OSCC. The preferred regimen is a PD-1 inhibitor combined with platinum based chemotherapy, administered for 2-3 cycles. 2) During the efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy, radiographic assessment should follow the dual criteria of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 and immune RECIST (iRECIST). After surgery, systematic pathological evaluation of both the primary lesion and regional lymph nodes is required. For combination chemotherapy regimens, PD-L1 expression and combined positive score need not be used as mandatory inclusion or exclusion criteria. 3) For special populations such as the elderly (≥ 70 years), individuals with stable HIV viral load, and carriers of chronic HBV/HCV, PD-1 inhibitors may be used cautiously under the guidance of a multidisciplinary team (MDT), with close monitoring for adverse events. 4) For patients with a poor response to neoadjuvant therapy, continuation of the original treatment regimen is not recommended; the subsequent treatment plan should be adjusted promptly after MDT assessment. Organ transplant recipients and patients with active autoimmune diseases are not recommended to receive neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor therapy due to the high risk of immune related activation. Rechallenge is generally not advised for patients who have experienced high risk immune related adverse events such as immune mediated myocarditis, neurotoxicity, or pneumonitis. 5) For patients with a good pathological response, individualized de escalation surgery and function preservation strategies can be explored. This consensus aims to promote the standardized, safe, and precise application of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor strategies in the management of locally advanced OSCC patients.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the gap between the evidence of systematic reviews (SRs) and clinical concerns by systematically summarizing the evidence on acupuncture and moxibustion for frozen shoulder and investigating the concerns and needs of clinicians in treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion for this disease. METHODS: The articles of SR and Meta-analysis on acupuncture and moxibustion for frozen shoulder were searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane Library, starting from the inception of each database up to December 31st, 2022. Two researchers screened the articles and extracted data independently. Using AMSTAR-2, the methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated. Based on systematic reviews and expert discussion, a questionnaire on clinical concerns of acupuncture and moxibustion for frozen shoulder was developed and distributed to clinicians. The discrepancies between the evidence and clinical concerns were compared from 5 dimensions, including population, interventions, control measures, outcome indicators and review time points. RESULTS: The evidence gaps existed between SRs and clinical concerns. In the existing studies, the needs of personalized treatment were not fully considered in terms of different syndromes/patterns of frozen shoulder and stages of illness, the outcome indicators were not employed properly, the time for outcome measurement was vague, the control groups were set up outside of standardization, and the methodological quality was lower. CONCLUSION It is suggested that future studies should improve the quality of methodology, lay more consideration to different patient groups, optimize outcome indicators and standardize the setting of control groups, so as to better meet the needs of patients and achieve the best match between evidence and clinicians' needs.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Bursitis/therapy* ; Evidence Gaps ; Moxibustion ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Meta-Analysis as Topic

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of low temperature plasma(LTP)in treatment of the rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)wound infection.METHODS Totally 20 SD rats were assigned to establish the PA wound infection models and were randomly divided into the LTP group with 10 rats and the air control group with 10 rats.The wound healing dynamics,bacterial loading capacity,histopathology,levels of cytokines and microen-vironment features were observed during the healing process.RESULTS LTP accelerates the healing of PA infec-tion wound,the wound area reduced after the treatment for 3 days,and the inflammatory reactions alleviated;the infection symptoms subsided after the treatment for 7 days,and the wounds became dry and scabbed;the wounds reduced in size by day 15,showing favorable healing trends.Repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that there was significant difference in the impact of LTP on the covering rate of wounds(Ftime=10.230,P＜0.001;Fbetween-group=11.340,P=0.001;Finteraction=2.890,P=0.042).The result of quantitative bacterial loads analysis showed that the bacterial loads of the LTP group were lower than those of the control group after the treatment for 3,7 and 15 days(P＜0.05).The result of histopathology indicated that the infiltra-ted wound inflammatory cells of the LTP group reduced,the collagen fibers were well-aligned,and the neovascu-larization and formation of granulation tissues were evident.In addition,the pH value of wound tissues and reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)level were improved after the treatment with LTP,which was matched with the process of wound healing.The result of cytokines test showed that LTP could upregulate the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,downregulate the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α,and promote the wound healing,with statistically signifi-cant differences observed(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION LTP may facilitate the control of infections by reducing the bacterial colony counts,establish the effective microenvironment for tissue healing,and accelerate the healing of wounds with PA infection by regulating the release of healing-related cytokines.

Objective To develop a novel type of transparent simulation manikin as a surgical training model to meet the surgical treatment demand on the medical train.Methods A transparent manikin was developed with the steps of basic data collection,motherboard design and manufacture and module production and assembly.Firstly,basic data collection was carried out with reference to standardized human anatomy and parameters.Secondly,some software such as UG NX7.5 was used to construct the motherboard of the manikin.Finally,module production and assembly were performed with the materials of acrylic,transparent rubber,silicone and hydrogel and the technology of silicone infusion.Results The transparent manikin developed had its anatomy structure close to that of the real body and high visuality for its internal and external components,which simulated a variety of war wounds and thus could be integrated with the surgical training scenarios on the medical train effectively.Conclusion The transparent manikin developed is characterized by high visuality,modularity and blood flow,and meets the demands for surgical training on the medical train.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):111-115]

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of low temperature plasma(LTP)in treatment of the rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)wound infection.METHODS Totally 20 SD rats were assigned to establish the PA wound infection models and were randomly divided into the LTP group with 10 rats and the air control group with 10 rats.The wound healing dynamics,bacterial loading capacity,histopathology,levels of cytokines and microen-vironment features were observed during the healing process.RESULTS LTP accelerates the healing of PA infec-tion wound,the wound area reduced after the treatment for 3 days,and the inflammatory reactions alleviated;the infection symptoms subsided after the treatment for 7 days,and the wounds became dry and scabbed;the wounds reduced in size by day 15,showing favorable healing trends.Repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that there was significant difference in the impact of LTP on the covering rate of wounds(Ftime=10.230,P＜0.001;Fbetween-group=11.340,P=0.001;Finteraction=2.890,P=0.042).The result of quantitative bacterial loads analysis showed that the bacterial loads of the LTP group were lower than those of the control group after the treatment for 3,7 and 15 days(P＜0.05).The result of histopathology indicated that the infiltra-ted wound inflammatory cells of the LTP group reduced,the collagen fibers were well-aligned,and the neovascu-larization and formation of granulation tissues were evident.In addition,the pH value of wound tissues and reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)level were improved after the treatment with LTP,which was matched with the process of wound healing.The result of cytokines test showed that LTP could upregulate the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,downregulate the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α,and promote the wound healing,with statistically signifi-cant differences observed(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION LTP may facilitate the control of infections by reducing the bacterial colony counts,establish the effective microenvironment for tissue healing,and accelerate the healing of wounds with PA infection by regulating the release of healing-related cytokines.

Hemorrhagic shock is a common clinical emergency that can aggravate cell injury after resuscitation. Astrocytes are crucial for the survival of neurons because they regulate the surrounding ionic microenvironment of neurons. Although hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR) injury can impair cognition, it remains unclear how this insult directly affects astrocytes. In this study, we established an HSR model by bleeding and re-transfusion in mice. The social interaction test and new object recognition test were applied to evaluate post-operative cognitive changes, and the results suggest that mice experience cognitive impairment following exposure to HSR. In the HSR group, the power spectral density of β and γ oscillations decreased, and the coupling of the θ oscillation phase and γ oscillation amplitude was abnormal, which indicated abnormal neuronal oscillation and cognitive impairment after HSR exposure. In brief, cognitive impairment in mice is strongly correlated with Ca²⁺ signal strength in lateral septum astrocytes following HSR.
Animals ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/metabolism* ; Resuscitation/adverse effects* ; Male ; Mice ; Calcium Signaling/physiology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Septal Nuclei/metabolism* ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Cognition Disorders/etiology*

In this study, we constructed a GLP-2R-HEK293 cell line and established a method for the determination of the in vitro biological activity of teduglutide based on HTRF, after optimizing experimental conditions and methodological verification. We also carried out relative potency detection of teduglutide pharmaceutical products using this method. The result showed that there was a quantitative-efficient relationship between the teduglutide activity and cAMP contents in GLP-2R-HEK293 cells, which conformed to four-parameter model. Method verification results of five concentrations of teduglutide (64%, 80%, 100%, 125% and 156%) met the requirements of the General Rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2020 edition, Volume IV (9401). We then analyzed the relative potency of three batches of teduglutide drug substances and three batches of drug products. The linearity, regression and parallelism of the obtained curves all fit the system suitability requirements. The relative potency of six batches of teduglutide was from 83% to 105%. In summary, the biological activity detection method established in this study was accurate, precise, simple and time-saving, which can be used for quality control of teduglutide pharmaceutical products.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are ubiquitous components within cells, fulfilling essential functions in a myriad of biological processes. These proteins interact with RNA molecules to regulate gene expression at various levels, including transcription, splicing, transport, localization, translation, and degradation. Understanding the intricate network of RBP-RNA interactions is crucial for deciphering the complex regulatory mechanisms that govern cellular function and organismal development. Ultravidet (UV) cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) stands out as a powerful approach designed to map the precise locations where RBPs bind to RNA. By using UV light to create covalent bonds between proteins and RNA, followed by immunoprecipitation to isolate the protein-RNA complexes, researchers can identify the direct targets of specific RBPs. The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies has revolutionized CLIP, enabling the identification of not only the types but also the exact sequences of RNA bound by RBPs on a genome-wide scale. The evolution of CLIP has led to the development of specialized variants, each with unique features that address specific challenges and expand the scope of what can be studied. High-throughput sequencing CLIP (HITS-CLIP) was one of the first advancements, significantly increasing the throughput and resolution of RNA-protein interaction mapping. Photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced CLIP (PAR-CLIP) introduced the use of photoactivatable ribonucleosides to enhance cross-linking efficiency and specificity, reducing background noise and improving the detection of low-abundance RNA-protein interactions. Individual-nucleotide resolution CLIP (iCLIP) further refined the technique, achieving unprecedented precision by resolving individual nucleotides involved in RBP binding, which is particularly valuable for studying the fine details of RNA structure and function. Despite the remarkable progress, there remains room for improvement in CLIP technology. Researchers continue to seek methods to increase sensitivity, reduce technical variability, and improve the reproducibility of results. Advances in sample preparation, data analysis algorithms, and computational tools are critical for addressing these challenges. Moreover, the application of CLIP to more diverse biological systems, including non-model organisms and clinical samples, requires the development of tailored protocols and the optimization of existing ones. Looking forward, the field of RNA biology is poised to benefit greatly from ongoing innovations in CLIP technology. The exploration of non-canonical RNA-protein interactions, such as those involving long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), promises to reveal new layers of cellular regulation and may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Furthermore, integrating CLIP data with other omics approaches, such as proteomics and metabolomics, will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interplay between RNA and its binding partners within the cell. In conclusion, the continuous refinement and expansion of CLIP techniques have not only deepened our knowledge of RNA biology but have also opened up new avenues for investigating the molecular underpinnings of health and disease. As the technology matures, it is expected to play an increasingly pivotal role in both basic and applied research, contributing to the advancement of medical science and biotechnology.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of haploidentical high-dose in vitro non-T-cell-depleted peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HDPSCT) in treating adult patients with Ph + acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + ALL) . Method:This retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical efficacy of 25 adult patients with Ph + ALL who underwent haplo-HDPSCT from July 2011 to June 2022 at our hospital. Results:This study included 25 patients with a median age of 27 (16-61) years, consisting of 12 males and 13 females. CR1 and ≥CR2 before transplantation were found in 23 and 2 cases, positive and negative minimal residual lesions were observed in 8 and 17 cases, and myeloablative conditioning and reduced-intensity conditioning were reported in 21 and 4 cases, respectively. Hematopoietic function was restored in all 25 patients after stem cell infusion. Of the 25 patients who underwent transplantation, 16 developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). The cumulative incidence rates of Ⅱ-Ⅳ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD were (40.4±11.3) % and (4.8±4.6) %, respectively. Four patients experienced relapse after transplantation, the cumulative relapse rates at 1 and 2 years after transplantation were (4.0±3.9) % and (14.5±7.9) %, respectively. The 2-year overall survival rate after transplantation was (81.3±8.5) % and the disease-free survival rate was (77.1±9.1) %.Conclusion:This study reveals that the unique haplo-HDPSCT protocol achieves good clinical efficacy in Ph + ALL treatment.

Sacroiliac complex injuries are commonly seen in high-energy pelvic fractures. The injuries make a big difference in treatment patterns due to the diverse injury types, posing considerable challenges in formulating optimal treatment strategies, and hence are persistent clinical difficulties in orthopedic trauma. The clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries presents several key challenges such as a non-negligible rate of missed diagnoses in associated vascular and visceral injuries, absence of standardized protocols for surgical approaches and reduction-fixation strategies across different injury patterns, and ongoing controversies regarding surgical indications and optimal timing for patients combined with concomitant lumbosacral plexus injuries. Currently, no systematic clinical guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries both domestically and internationally. To this end, the Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery Group, Orthopedic Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and Orthopedic Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a panel of domestic experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medicine and adhering to the principles of scientific rigor, clinical applicability, and innovation. These guidelines provided 11 recommendations covering diagnosis, therapeutic principles and techniques, management protocols for lumbosacral plexus injuries, outcome evaluation, and postoperative rehabilitation pathways, etc., aiming to standardize the clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries.