AIM To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous content determination of liquiritin apioside,alibiflorin,swertiamarin,methyl gallate,benzoylpaeoniflorin,sweroside,6′-O-β-D-glucosylgentiopicroside,isoliquiritigenin,loganic acid,liquiritigenin,gallic acid,paeoniflorin,oxypaeoniflorin,gentiopicroside,glycyrrhizic acid,isoliquiritoside and liquiritin in Yangxue Ruanjian Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 40℃thermostatic Waters BEH C18column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate(containing 0.1%formic acid)-acetonitrile flowing at 0.3 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in negative ion scanning with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Seventeen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r>0.999 6),whose average recoveries were 91.33%-104.03%with the RSDs of 1.58%-3.50%.CONCLUSION This rapid,accurate and stable method can be used for the quality control of Yangxue Ruanjian Capsules.

Adenocarcinoma/pathology* ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery*

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children aged 0-6 years. METHODS: A total of 826 healthy Han children aged 0-6 years were recruited. According to their age, the children were divided into four groups: newborn, infant, toddler and preschool. Their peripheral blood samples were collected to measure the percentages of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the percentages of CD3 T cells, CD3CD4 T cells and CD3CD19 B cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio between boys and girls (P<0.05). The girls had a lower percentage of CD3CD19 B cells, higher percentages of CD3 T cells and CD3CD4 T cells and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio than the boys. The newborn group had the highest percentages of CD3 T cells and CD3CD4 T cells and the highest CD4/CD8 ratio (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD4 T cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio gradually decreased with age and the preschool group had the lowest values (P<0.05). The newborn group had the lowest percentages of CD3CD19 B cells and CD3CD16CD56 NK cells (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD16CD56 NK cells gradually increased with age and the preschool group had the highest percentage (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD19 B cells reached the peak in the toddler period and then decreased with age (P<0.05). The preschool group had the highest percentage of CD3CD8 T cells (P<0.05). The variation trend of distribution of lymphocyte subsets in boys from different age groups was consistent with that in children from different age groups. For girls, the newborn group had the highest percentage of CD3CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 ratio (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children is significantly different across ages and sexes. Therefore, the reference values should be established according to age and sex.
Antigens, CD19 ; B-Lymphocytes ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Male

Kangfu Xiaoyan Suppository is widely used in the treatment of gynecological inflammatory diseases. Long-term clinical application and a certain amount of research evidences show that Kangfu Xiaoyan Suppository can alleviate the clinical symptoms of pelvic inflammatory diseases,reduce the recurrence rate,and relieve sequelae,with a better safety and economic characteristics. As a type of nationally protected traditional Chinese medicine and type B medicine included in medical insurance,it has been selected as a Chinese patent medicine for rectal administration. It was included in the Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of common gynecological diseases of traditional Chinese medicine published by the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2012,the Pelvic inflammatory diseases diagnosis and treatment guidelines issued by the Infectious Diseases Collaborative Group of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 2014,and the group standard of Single use of traditional Chinese medicine/combined antibiot guidelines for clinical practice-pelvic inflammatory diseases of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2017. To further enhance clinicians' understanding of the drug and better guide its rational clinical use,experts from the field of gynecology of traditional Chinese and Western medicine were invited to develop and compile this expert consensus. This consensus takes full account of clinical evidences and expert clinical experience,and form recommendations for clinical problems based on evidences and consensus recommendations for clinical problems without evidence by nominal grouping method. The expert consensus is mainly formed in the consideration of six factors: quality of evidence,economy,efficacy,adverse reactions,patient acceptability and others. Based on clinical research evidences and expert experience,this consensus provides a preliminary reference for the clinical use of the drug in a concise and clear format. However,evidence-based support is still required in a large number of high-quality studies,and this consensus will be revised in the future according to new clinical problems and the update of evidence-based evidence in practical application.
Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/drug therapy* ; Suppositories

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of head injuries through data gathered from the Jiangsu Injury Surveillance System.Methods Data on head injury that occurred during 2006-2014 were collected from the Jiangsu injury surveillance system and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software.Results From 2006 to 2014,data on 133 172 cases of head injuries were collected which accounting for 26.2％ (133 172/509 175) of all the injury cases.Among them,males were 2.18 times higher than the females.The top five leading causes of head injuries were falls 24.6％ (32 796/133 172),blunt force injuries 24.4％ (32 446/133 172),motor car accident injuries 20.3％ (26 993/133 172),knife or sharp force injuries 10.7％ (14 183/133 172) and non-motor car accident injuries 6.7％ (8 919/133 172).Main locations that head injuries occured would involve roads/ streets 32.5％ (43 262/133 172),working places 22.2％ (29 526/133 172),at home 20.5％ (27 925/ 133 172) and public residences 10.8％ (14 367/133 172).Recreation activates 37.9％ (50 479/133 172),driving 26.1％(34 749/133 172),paid jobs 24.8％ (33 034/133 172) were the three major activities related to head injuries.Severity of injuries would depend on the situations on site.As for minor injuries,bruise accounted for 63.5％ (67 929/106 912).Brain trauma 21.5％ (5 119/23 803) and fracture 14.9％ (3 554/23 803) appeared an increasing trend.Severe injuries would include brain trauma 74.6％ (1 833/2 457).78.8％ (104 940/133 172) of the patients with head injuries would go home after receiving treatment the hospital,with fetality only as 0.1％ (134/133 172).Conclusion Data from the Jiangsu surveillance program showed that Head injury appeared the highest proportion among all the body injuries that called for special attention.

Brazilein is an active small molecular compound extracted from Caesalpinia sappan L. with favorable pharmacological properties on immune system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. C. sappan has been used as a traditional medicine in China for hundreds of years for various diseases. However, the general reproductive toxicity of brazilein is still unknown. The purpose of the present study was to thoroughly evaluate the general reproductive toxicity of brazilein in ICR mice to support the future drug development and modernization of this potent traditional Chinese medicine. The results showed that, although no apparent toxicity on the reproducibility of the male was observed, brazilein might cause considerable risks to the fetuses and females as indicated by the ratios of dead fetuses and reabsorptions. In conclusion, our results from the present study provided some useful insights about the safety profile of brazilein, suggesting that brazilein should be used with caution in pregnant women.
Animals ; Benzopyrans ; toxicity ; Caesalpinia ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; toxicity ; Female ; Indenes ; toxicity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the survival and prognostic factors of stage 0 to III rectal cancer in 10 years.

METHODSClinical data and follow-up of 856 rectal cancer patients with stage 0-III underwent curative surgery from January 2000 to December 2010 were retrospective analyzed. There were 470 male and 386 female patients, with a mean age of (58 ± 12) years. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival and disease free survival. Log-rank test was used to compare the survival between groups. Cox regression was used to analyze the independent prognostic factors of rectal cancer.

RESULTSThe patients in each stage were stage 0 with 18 cases, stage I with 209 cases, stage II with 235 cases, and stage III with 394 cases. All patients received curative surgery. There were 296 patients evaluated as cT3, cT4 and any T with N+ received preoperative radiotherapy. 5.4% patients got pathological complete response (16/296), and the recurrence rate was 4.7% (14/296). After a median time of 41.7 months (range 4.1 to 144.0 months) follow-up, the 5-year overall survival rate in stage 0 to I of was 91.0%, stage II 86.2%, and stage III 60.0%, with a significant difference (P=0.000). The cumulative local recurrence rate was 4.8% (41/856), of which 70.7% (29/41) occurred within 3 years postoperatively, 97.6% (40/41) in 5 years. The cumulative distant metastasis rate was 16.4% (140/856), of which 82.9% (129/140) occurred within 3 years postoperatively, 96.4% (135/140) in 5 years. The incidence of abnormal imaging findings was significantly higher in pulmonary than liver and other sites metastases (75.0% vs. 21.7%, χ² =25.691, P=0.000). The incidence of CEA elevation was significantly higher in liver than lung and other sites metastases (56.8% vs. 37.8%, χ² =25.691, P=0.000). Multivariable analysis showed that age (P=0.015, HR=1.385, 95% CI: 1.066 to 1.801), surgical approach (P=0.029, HR=1.337, 95% CI: 1.030 to 1.733), differentiation (P=0.000, HR=1.535, 95% CI: 1.222 to 1.928), TNM stage (P=0.000, HR=1.349, 95% CI: 1.260 to 1.444) and lymphovascular invasion (P=0.001, HR=1.715, 95% CI: 1.258 to 2.342) are the independent prognostic factors for rectal cancer.

CONCLUSIONSAge, surgical approach, differentiation, TNM stage and lymphovascular invasion are independent prognostic factors for rectal cancer. Preoperative evaluation and combined modality therapy can significant reduce the local recurrence and improve overall survival for rectal cancer patients.

Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Objective To analyze the characteristics on injuries,using data from the Jiangsu sentinel hospitals,from 2006 to 2013,to develop a injury prevention strategy.Methods Data was collected from the ‘National Injury Monitoring Report Card' of six sentinel hospitals from two surveillance points from 2006 to 2013.Results Information from 448 778 cases was analyzed.The numbers of male cases outnumbered the females,with sex ratio as 1.72:1.The top five causes of injuries were as follows:falls (27.21％),traffic-related (26.23％),blunt (17.50％),knife/sharp instrument (13.87％) and animal injury (6.59％).Injuries mainly occurred in June,July and August,at 8 to 10 O'clock in the morning.The major places where injuries occurred were road/street (31.58％),home (23.47％),industries and construction sites (21.38％).Recreation activities (36.12％),driving vehicle (25.26％),and at work (24.78％) were the major activities when injuries took place.Most injury cases were unintentional(92.65％) and deliberately(violence/attack) (6.36％).Conclusion All the injuries showed an yearly increase,from 2006 to 2013,with main causes as falls and traffic-related ones.Injuries among teenagers and the elderly should be paid special attention to,with targeted interventions taken.