Biomarkers ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; virology

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Zusanli" (ST 36) versus "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) in the pregnant rats on perinatal nicotineexposureinduced lung function and morphology of newborn rats and explore the rule of acupoint effect in EA for the prevention from lung dysplasia in newborn rats. METHODS: A total of 24 female SD rats were randomized into a normal saline group (S group), a nicotine group (N group), a nicotineST 36 group (N + ST 36 group) and a nicotineGB 34 group (N+GB 34 group), 6 rats in each one. Starting at the 6th day of pregnancy, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was injected subcutaneously in the S group, 1 mg/kg; and in the rest 3 groups, nicotine of the same dose was injected through to the 21st postnatal day to establish the perinatal nicotineexposure model. Simultaneously, during model preparation, EA was applied at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) in the N+ST 36 group and the N+GB 34 group respectively, once a day, through to the 21st postnatal day. The lung function analytic system for small animal was adopted to observe the changes in lung function indicators in newborn rats, such as peak inspiratory flow (PIF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), expiratory resistance (RE), inspiratory resistance (RI) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn). HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of lung, such as alveolar fusion and rupture. RESULTS: Compared with the S group, PEF and Cdyn were lower and PIF, RI and RE higher in the N group (all <0.01), additionally, alveoli were fused and ruptured, alveolar wall thickened, the numbers of alveoli reduced, the interspace of alveoli enlarged and the diameter increased (<0.01). Compared with the N group, in the N+ST 36 group, PEF and Cdyn were increased, PIF, RI and RE reduced (<0.05, <0.01), the alveolar fusion and rupture relieved, the numbers of alveoli increased, alveolar wall thinner, the interpsace of alveoli became normal and the diameter was reduced significantly (<0.01). In the N+GB 34 group, the changes of lung function and morphological indicators were not significant (>0.05). CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture at "Zusanli" (ST 36) in the pregnant rats significantly improves the perinatal nicotineexposureinduced lung function and morphology of newborn rats than electroacupuncture at "Yanglingquan" (GB 34).
Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Lung ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Nicotine ; toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To follow up the participants of the randomized clinical trial "Efficacy and Safety of Niaoduqing Particles () for Delaying Moderate-to-Severe Renal Dysfunction", and assess the long-term effects of Niaoduqing Particles on delaying the progression of renal dysfunction. METHODS: Participants, who had previously been randomly assigned to receive Niaoduqing Particles or placebo for 24 weeks (146 cases in each group), were invited to follow-up and all were administered Niaoduqing Particles 5 g thrice daily and 10 g before bedtime for 24 weeks. The primary endpoints were changes in baseline serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after completion of the open-label treatment period. RESULTS: After the double-blind period, the median (interquartile range) changes in Scr were 1.1 (-13.0-24.1) and 11.7 (-2.6-42.9) μmol/L for the Niaoduqing Particle and placebo groups, respectively (P=0.008), and the median changes in eGFRs were-0.2 (-4.3-2.7) and-2.21 (-5.7-0.8) mL•min•1.73 m, respectively (P=0.016). There were significant differences in the double-blind period changes in renal function between groups. After the open-label period, the median changes in Scr were 9.0 (-10.0-41.9) and 17.5 (-6.0-50.0) μmol/L for the Niaoduqing Particle and placebo groups according to baseline grouping, respectively (P=0.214), and the median changes in eGFRs were-2.3 (-6.4-1.9) and-3.7 (-7.5-1.1) mL•min•1.73 m, respectively (P=0.134). There were no statistical differences in the open-label period changes in renal function between groups. The eGFR reduction of participants who accepted Niaoduqing Particle treatment for 48 weeks was projected to 2.5 mL•min•1.73 m per year. CONCLUSION Niaoduqing Particles appear to have long-term efficacy for patients with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction. Although there was no statistical difference, the early use of Niaoduqing Paticles seems to ameliorate the worsening of renal function. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002448).
Adult ; Disease Progression ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

BACKGROUND: Acetabulum anterior column shape is complex, and closed to femoral artery, and femoral nerve. Fixed screws easily went into the acetabulum. Currently, there was less data on quantitative anatomy data of pelvic acetabulum fracture with anterior column plate internal fixation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the pelvis gender differences by analyzing digital anatomical features of normal adult acetabulum anterior column section through digital three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. METHODS: Totally 30 normal adults (half male and half female) received pelvic CT scans, and data were obtained. Using Materialise Mimics Innovation Suite 16.0 software, the boundary of the pelvis was used as reference line for sectioning. The obturator groove, iliopubic eminence, anterior inferior iliac spine, and the anterior superior iliac spine were used as a reference mark. In 15 males and 15 females (30 sides), the corresponding boundary line from obturator groove to the anterior superior iliac spine of acetabular anterior column was sliced into 5 mm-thick sections. The tangent line was vertical to the boundary line. The tangent plane was vertical to the upper plane of the anterior column. The angle and length of each section 5, 10, 15 mm points from the boundary line to the acetabulum, and the perpendicular distance from anterior and posterior edges of the acetabulum to anterior inferior iliac spine, iliopubic eminence and the pubic tubercle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Acetabular anterior column from the obturator groove to the anterior superior iliac spine section was not significantly different (P > 0.05). (2) No matter in males or females, the tangent angle of the fifth layer section was minimum, and the tangent length of the sixth layer section was longest. The length and angle of the second slice at 5 mm point were not significantly different between males and females. However, above indexes in others were significantly larger in females than in males (P < 0.05). (3) Results indicated that in different fracture ranges and different fixation plate positions, the angle and length of pedicle screws are dynamic, so we only selected in accordance with above range, but cannot fix in a certain value. The design of the most accurate and effective placement angle and length should be aimed at nailing design parameters for each individual patient. The use of Mimics software can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of CT data of adult acetabular anterior column fracture, and can measure the number of indexes, and provide a theoretical reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acetabular anterior column fracture.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of hemostatic-clip-assisted method during ERCP with ampulla around duodenal diverticulum. Methods 25 patients with ampulla around duodenal diverticulum encountered cannulation difficulty, 11 cases underwent with clip-assisted method, 14 cases with ordinary ways. Number of successful cases, cannulation time, post-operation complication were analyzed. Results All the 11 cases succeeded in clip group. 12 patients succeeded in none-clip group. Cannulation time between the two groups were discrepant. There was no difference in number of successful cases and post-operation complication rate. Conclusion Successful application of hemostatic clip help to expose and facilitate cannulation of an ampulla around a duodenal diverticulum.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between intestinal bifidobacteria and allergic diseases in infants by comparing the composition of intestinal bifidobacteria between healthy infants and infants with allergic diseases.

METHODSA total of 48 infants were enrolled, and fecal samples were collected on days 0, 2, 7, and 15 and at months 1, 6, and 12 after birth. Among these infants, 22 who experienced allergic diseases before the age of 1 year were enrolled as allergic group and 26 healthy infants were enrolled as healthy group. Quantitative real-time PCR was used for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of Bifidobacterium and 8 species of bifidobacteria in fecal samples.

RESULTSThere was a difference in the composition of intestinal bifidobacteria between the two groups within 1 month after birth: the healthy group showed a reduction in bifidobacteria on day 2, while this feature was not observed in the allergic group. Compared with the healthy group, the allergic group had a significantly lower detection count of Bifidobacterium at month 1 (P<0.05) and a significantly lower detection rate of B.breve on day 15 (P<0.05), with delayed colonization of B.infantis.

CONCLUSIONSIntestinal bifidobacteria and their composition within 1 month after birth may be associated with the development of allergic diseases, and this period of time may be a critical period for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in infants.

Objective:Using an area in east of China as a case,the paper exploit the methodology to define and visualize the scope of the medical insurance pharmacy service through using ArcGIS and its function modules to analy-zing the basic data including this area's population distribution,address of drugstores,administrative districts,road network and soon.Plan A based on the 15-minute walk distance norm for defining the scopes, shows that this area need to increase 548 medical insurances designated drugstore,the effect of which was service area can be increased by 12.36%,service population can be increased by 10.82%, designated drugstore healthy competition rate can be increased by 8.36%;Plan B based on the 10-minute walk distance norm for defining the scopes, displays that this area need to increase 1197 medical insurance designated drugstore, the effect of which was service area can be in-creased by 15.23%,service population can be increased by 20.49%,designated drugstore healthy competition rate can be increased by 19%.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene Pvu II polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia (HT), there is no clear consensus within the scientific community. METHODS: A meta-analysis of 1,640 subjects from six individual studies was conducted to better elucidate the potential relationship between the LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated by using fixed effect models. RESULTS: Our analysis indicated a significant association between LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population under allelic (OR, 1.550; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.830; p = 1.158 × 10-7), recessive (OR, 0.540; 95% CI, 0.390 to 0.750; p = 0.0002), dominant (OR, 1.889; 95% CI, 1.501 to 2.377; p = 5.960 × 10-8), homozygous (OR, 2.167; 95% CI, 1.531 to 3.067; p = 1.242 × 10-5), heterozygous (OR, 1.810; 95% CI, 1.419 to 2.309; p = 1.842 × 10-6), and additive genetic models (OR, 1.553; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.828; p = 1.158 × 10-7). CONCLUSIONS: Because LPL gene Pvu II restriction fragment length polymorphism polymorphism was associated with an elevated risk of HT, the P+ allele carriers of the LPL gene might be predisposed to HT.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Consensus ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia* ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; Models, Genetic ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

BACKGROUNDSome problems have been found in the usually adopted combined approach for the removal of intra-extracranial tumors in skull base. Herein, we described a pure endoscopic transnasal or transoral approach (ETA) for the removal of intra-extracranial tumors in various skull base regions.

METHODSRetrospectively, clinical data, major surgical complications, pre- and postoperative images, and follow-up information of a series of 85 patients with intra-extracranial tumors in various skull base regions who were treated by surgery via ETA in our skull base center during the past 10 years were reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTSGross total tumor removal was achieved in 80/85 cases (94.1%) in this study. All 37 cases with tumors in anterior skull base and all 14 cases with tumors in jugular foramen received total tumor removal. Thirteen and three cases with tumors in clivus received total and subtotal tumor removal, respectively. Total and subtotal tumor removal was performed for 16 cases and 2 cases in lateral skull base, respectively. The complications in this study included: cerebrospinal fluid leakage (n = 3), meningitis (n = 3), and new cranial nerve deficits (n = 3; recovered in 3 months after surgery). In the follow-up period of 40-151 months (median: 77 months), seven patients (8.8%) out of the 80 cases of total tumor removal experienced recurrence.

CONCLUSIONSComplete resection of intra-extracranial growing tumors in various skull base regions can be achieved via the pure ETA in one stage in selected cases. Surgical procedure for radical removal of tumors is feasible and safe.

Objective To establish an experimental model of acute cerebral schistosomiasis japonica and explore the MRI manifestations of acute cerebral schistosomiasis. Methods Rabbits were divided into 3 groups with 10 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the experimental group were directly injected with suspension fluid of Schistosoma japonicum eggs(0.9 mg,1 ml) by the cranial drilling method,those in the negative control group were given saline(1 ml)by the same method above-men-tioned,and those in the blank control group were not given any treatment. Antibiotic was given to the first two groups after the op-eration. The clinical manifestations of the 3 groups were observed,and the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was performed in 30 days post-operation,and then the brain tissues were taken for pathological examinations. Results All the rabbits in the ex-perimental group exhibited inappetence,various neurological symptoms including hemiplegia,and weight loss after the opera-tion;while those in the negative control group showed inappetence in 3 days after the operation,and 1 week later,the symptom disappeared;there were no adverse reactions in the blank control group. MRI of the experimental group showed nodular or patchy enhancement on T1WI enhancement,brain edema,abnormal ventricular dilatation,and needle augmentation. SWI dis-played hypointense in the abnormal enhanced nodules and flaky hypointense on the operation brain. In the negative control group,2 rabbits showed abnormal enhancement of the needle canal,and 1 showed mild dilatation of the ventricle. The blank control group showed normal manifestations. The pathological examinations showed abnormal appearances in 10 rabbits of the ex-perimental group,including 6 with S. japonicum egg granuloma nodules,nonspecific granuloma nodules coexisted with perivas-cular inflammation;no granuloma nodules were found in the negative control group,but 2 rabbits showed vascular inflamma-tion;the blank control group showed the normal brain tissue. Conclusions An experimental model of acute cerebral schistoso-miasis is successfully established in rabbits by intracranial injection of schistosome eggs. The MRI examination combined with the clinical manifestations can improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis.