This article systematically elucidates the current development status and future trends of robot-assisted surgery worldwide. Currently, robotic surgery led by the Da Vinci Surgical System has been widely adopted across multiple disciplines, including thoracic surgery, urology, and gynecology, demonstrating advantages such as precision, stability, and minimal invasiveness. Significant regional disparities exist in the global distribution of robotic surgery, reflecting inequalities in healthcare resources and economic development worldwide. China is rapidly emerging in the field of robotic surgery, undergoing a strategic transition from technology adoption to independent innovation: domestically developed systems (e.g., Toumai, Surgibot) have demonstrated safety and efficacy in multidisciplinary clinical practice; leveraging the advantages of 5G technology, remote robotic surgery has progressed from proof-of-concept to clinical reality, offering innovative solutions for equitable healthcare resource allocation; meanwhile, a quality control system spanning from national strategic planning to clinical operational standards is under development. Confronted with core challenges such as high costs, technical barriers (e.g., lack of force feedback), steep learning curves, lagging regulatory and ethical frameworks, and uneven regional development, future robotic surgery will deeply integrate artificial intelligence, evolving toward single-port/flexible miniaturization, normalization of remote surgery, and personalized precision treatment. Ultimately, it will drive the transformation of surgical medicine toward a new paradigm characterized by greater precision, intelligence, and accessibility, and is expected to play a strategic role in public health emergencies and disaster relief operations.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) activity of luteolin and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. MethodsLuteolin was identified as the primary active compound from the polyphenol extract ofF. diotrys using network pharmacology. Its efficacy was evaluated against two MP strains: the standard strain M129 and the multidrug-resistant strain M19. A modified culture medium with visual characteristics was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of luteolin. The expression of key proteins involved in MP growth and pathogenicity was assessed by qRT-PCR following luteolin treatment. Additionally, the viability of A549 cells infected with MP was compared between luteolin-treated and untreated groups. In vivo anti-MP activity was evaluated using a mouse model, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues was analyzed. ResultsLuteolin effectively inhibited both MP strains, with MIC₉₀ values of 100 mg/L for M19 and M129. Treatment with luteolin significantly downregulated the expression of adhesion proteins P1 and P30 in both strains. However, the expression of P65, HMW3, TrmB, and CARDS TX was reduced only in the M19 strain following luteolin intervention. Luteolin also enhanced the growth and viability of A549 cells infected with MP. In the mouse model, luteolin treatment resulted in steady weight gain and was well tolerated. The bacteriostatic rate of luteolin in lung tissues was 50.7%, significantly higher than the 25.2% observed in the roxithromycin group. Furthermore, luteolin reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and HMGB1, in MP-infected mice. ConclusionLuteolin effectively and safely inhibits the proliferation and pathogenicity of MP, particularly the drug-resistant M19 strain, by downregulating the expression of toxicity-associated proteins (P1, P30, P65, HMW3, TrmB, CARDS TX) and modulating host inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that luteolin may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating MP infections, especially those caused by drug-resistant strains.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) activity of luteolin and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. MethodsLuteolin was identified as the primary active compound from the polyphenol extract ofF. diotrys using network pharmacology. Its efficacy was evaluated against two MP strains: the standard strain M129 and the multidrug-resistant strain M19. A modified culture medium with visual characteristics was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of luteolin. The expression of key proteins involved in MP growth and pathogenicity was assessed by qRT-PCR following luteolin treatment. Additionally, the viability of A549 cells infected with MP was compared between luteolin-treated and untreated groups. In vivo anti-MP activity was evaluated using a mouse model, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues was analyzed. ResultsLuteolin effectively inhibited both MP strains, with MIC₉₀ values of 100 mg/L for M19 and M129. Treatment with luteolin significantly downregulated the expression of adhesion proteins P1 and P30 in both strains. However, the expression of P65, HMW3, TrmB, and CARDS TX was reduced only in the M19 strain following luteolin intervention. Luteolin also enhanced the growth and viability of A549 cells infected with MP. In the mouse model, luteolin treatment resulted in steady weight gain and was well tolerated. The bacteriostatic rate of luteolin in lung tissues was 50.7%, significantly higher than the 25.2% observed in the roxithromycin group. Furthermore, luteolin reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and HMGB1, in MP-infected mice. ConclusionLuteolin effectively and safely inhibits the proliferation and pathogenicity of MP, particularly the drug-resistant M19 strain, by downregulating the expression of toxicity-associated proteins (P1, P30, P65, HMW3, TrmB, CARDS TX) and modulating host inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that luteolin may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating MP infections, especially those caused by drug-resistant strains.

Objective:To observe the effects of tetrandrine tablets combined with montelukast sodium on respiratory function,inflammatory mediators,serum matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)levels in pneumoconiosis patients.Methods:120 pneumoconiosis patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected,they were divided into control group(montelukast sodium treatment,n=60)and study group(tetrandrine tablets combined with montelukast sodium treatment,n=60)by random number table method.The pulmonary function indexes[first second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),maximum ventilation volume(MVV)],6-minute walking test(6MWT)disitance,St.George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)score,Improved Medical Research Council Dyspnea(mMRC)index,and inflammatory mediators[Cystatin C(Cys C),interleukin-2 receptor(IL-2R),C-reactive protein(CRP)]and serum MMP-9,bFGF levels were compared between the two groups.The occurrence of adverse reactions were observed.Results:FEV1,FVC,MVV,6MWT distance in the study group at 6 months after treatment were higher than those in the control group,and SGRQ score,mMRC index,CysC,IL-2R,CRP,MMP-9,bFGF were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Tetrandrine tablets combined with montelukast sodium in the treatment of pneumoconiosis patients can effectively improve respiratory function,increase exercise endurance,regulate inflammatory mediators and serum MMP-9,bFGF levels,which is safe and reliable.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 180 NSCLC patients were selected and matched by propensity score proximity matching method.Patients were divided into the group A,the group B,the group C and the group D,with 45 cases each.Patients in the group A underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with single operation hole operation,the group B underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with three operation holes,the group C underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with general anesthesia with single operation hole operation and the group D underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with three operation holes under general anesthesia.Anesthesia related indexes,surgical related indexes,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,1-second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),forced vital capacity(FVC)and complication rate of the 4 groups were compared 1 day before surgery and 1 month after surgery.Results The anesthetic preparation time,first anal exhaust time and first getting out of bed time were shorter in the group A and the group B than those in the group C and the group D,and the dosage of propofol and remifentanil was lower in the group A and the group B than that in the group C and the group D(P＜0.05).Compared with the other 3 groups,the group A had the shortest postoperative drainage and hospital stay,and the highest CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+and FEV1,FVC and MVV at 1 month after surgery(P＜0.05).One month after surgery,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,FEV1,FVC and MVV were lower than 1 day before surgery in the 4 groups.The total incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the group A than that of the other 3 groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery with epidural anesthesia and single operation hole can improve the clinical efficacy of NSCLC patients,reduce the dosage of opioids and have good safety.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 180 NSCLC patients were selected and matched by propensity score proximity matching method.Patients were divided into the group A,the group B,the group C and the group D,with 45 cases each.Patients in the group A underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with single operation hole operation,the group B underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with three operation holes,the group C underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with general anesthesia with single operation hole operation and the group D underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with three operation holes under general anesthesia.Anesthesia related indexes,surgical related indexes,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,1-second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),forced vital capacity(FVC)and complication rate of the 4 groups were compared 1 day before surgery and 1 month after surgery.Results The anesthetic preparation time,first anal exhaust time and first getting out of bed time were shorter in the group A and the group B than those in the group C and the group D,and the dosage of propofol and remifentanil was lower in the group A and the group B than that in the group C and the group D(P＜0.05).Compared with the other 3 groups,the group A had the shortest postoperative drainage and hospital stay,and the highest CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+and FEV1,FVC and MVV at 1 month after surgery(P＜0.05).One month after surgery,CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,FEV1,FVC and MVV were lower than 1 day before surgery in the 4 groups.The total incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the group A than that of the other 3 groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery with epidural anesthesia and single operation hole can improve the clinical efficacy of NSCLC patients,reduce the dosage of opioids and have good safety.

This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Yunnan Province from 2020 to 2023,to provide scientific evidence for formulating measures to decrease imported malaria and prevent re-establishment of malaria transmission.Malaria data reported by the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System were analyzed to determine parasite species;sources of infection;temporal,spatial,and population distributions;and importation routes.A total of 828 malaria cases were reported in the province.Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 89.98％and 8.33％of cases,respectively.A total of 47.58％of cases were imported from Myanmar,and all P.falciparum malaria ca-ses were from Africa.Thirteen(81.25％)prefectures or municipalities reported malaria,among which Dehong,Baoshan,Kunming,and Lincang reported 94.32％of cases.A total of 52.54％of cases were in young men.The proportion of cross-bor-der personnel flow,land input,and aircraft input were 88.89％and 11.11％respectively.A total of 98.19％of patients sought medical care within 7 days after fever onset,and 82.85％initiated diagnosis for malaria,and 84.90％of diagnoses were con-firmed by health facilities at or below the county level.Imported malaria is a major challenge in preventing re-establishment of transmission in Yunnan.Most imported cases involved cross-border malaria transmission of mainly Plasmodium vivax between China and Myanmar.To achieve malaria elimination,vigilance of health staff in malaria diagnosis and treatment should be pro-moted,and intensive malaria health education should be provided to people traveling to malaria endemic territories,to enable individual protection,and timely diagnosis and treatment after return from endemic countries.

AIM To investigate the effects of volatile oil from Acorus tatarinowii Schott(A.tatarinowii)on neuroinflammation in a rat model of tic disorders.METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group(8 rats)and the model group(40 rats).The rat models of tic disorders established successfully by intraperitoneal injection of iminodiapropionitrile(IDPN)were further divided into the model group,the tiapride group and the high-dose,moderate-dose and low-dose A.tatarinowii volatile oil groups,with 8 rats in each group.The 4-week intragastric treatment of respective drug was initiated the next day after the completion of modeling,and normal saline was dosed upon the blank group and the model group,during which the rats' behavioral changes were assessed by stereotyped behavior and motor behavior score every week.After the administration,the rats had their morphological changes of striatal neurons observed by Nissl staining;their levels of TGF-β,IL-10,TNF-αand IL-1β in serum and striatum detected by ELISA;their striatal protein expressions of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry;and their striatal expressions of M1,M2 microglia marker proteins CD86,CD206,SYN and PSD-95 detected by immunofluorescence co-staining.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the A.tatarinowii volatile oil groups demonstrated improved twitch-like behavior;decreased scores of motor behavior and rigid behavior(P＜0.01);alleviated damage of Nissl bodies in neurons;increased serum and striatum levels of TGF-β and IL-10(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-1β(P＜0.01);decreased striatal protein expressions of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1(P＜0.01);increased protein expressions of PSD95 and SYN(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and decreased CD86/Iba1(P＜0.01)and increased CD206/Iba1(P＜0.01)in terms of the fluorescence intensity.CONCLUSION A.tatarinowii volatile oil contributes an anti-tic effect and improves the neuroinflammation in the brain of the rat model of tic disorders by promoting the transformation of microglia into M2 type via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signal axis.

TAFRO syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology.It has low incidence rate and progresses rapidly,which poses a significant challenge for clinicians to make a timely diagnosis and provide reasonable treatment.This article retrospectively analyzed a 65-year-old male patient with iMCD-TAFRO admitted to Minhang Hospital,Fudan University,and visited the Department of Nephrology due to bilateral lower limb edema.The patient exhibited systemic edema,fever,and multiple enlarged lymph nodes.A comprehensive examination showed thrombocytopenia,renal dysfunction,elevated CRP levels,multiple serosal fluid accumulations,and bone marrow reticulin fibrosis.For further diagnosis and treatment,he visited the Hematology Clinic of Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University.Based on the clinical manifestations,the diagnosis of TAFRO syndrome was considered.After further lymph node pathological consultation,the diagnosis was confirmed as idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease(iMCD)-TAFRO syndrome.Later,the patient was transferred to the hematology department of Minhang Hospital,Fudan University.After 15 days of treatment with methylprednisolone,cyclosporine A,rituximab,and thrombopoietin,there was no significant improvement in the condition.Due to personal reasons,the patient discontinued further treatment and passed away 2 weeks later.

Objective To establish a comprehensive classification model integrating deep learning and radiomics features to enhance the accuracy and consistency for identifying pancreatic cystic neoplasms.Methods Firstly,the radiomics technique and ResNet50 convolutional neural network were used to extract the features of radiomics and deep learing for pancreatic cystic neoplasms,respectively,and the key features were obtained by screening the features with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator;secondly,three classification models were constructed by integrating only key features,deep learning features or radiomics and deep learning features,respectively;finally,logistic regression,random forest,adaptive boosting and support vector machine(SVM)classifiers were used to compare the above feature models in order to verify their efficacies for categorizing pancreatic cystic neoplasms.Results The comprehensive model integrating deep learning and radiomics features performed the best on the SVM classifier,which gained advantages over the other two models with the accuracy,recall,precision,AUC value and F1 value being 89.34％,92.13％,75.34％,0.90 and 0.83,respectively.Conclusion The comprehensive classification model integrating deep learning and radiomics features behaves well in mining relationships between various types of features and classifying pancreatic cystic neoplasms,and facilitates further precise diagnosis and treatment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):7-12]