Objective: To investigate the barrier membrane fixation performance and enhanced guided bone regeneration (GBR) capability of a thermosensitive adhesive containing bioactive glass nanoparticles in order to provide a novel solution for membrane fixation during GBR procedures. Methods: M2NP@BGN (methoxyethyl acrylate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide-co-protocatechuic acid@Bioactive glass nanoparticle), a thermosensitive adhesive, was synthesized via free radical polymerization by compositing methoxyethyl acrylate, N-isopropylacrylamide, and protocatechuic acid into a basic adhesive that was modified with bioactive glass nanoparticle (BGN). The successful fabrication of basic adhesive M2NP was characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermosensitive adhesive M2NP@BGN (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and a rheometer. By adjusting the BGN concentration (0.1 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, and 2 mg/mL), the adhesive and mechanical strengths were investigated with a universal testing machine. Biocompatibility was evaluated with a cell counting kit-8 assay and hemolysis test to identify the optimal formulation. The optimal material’s extract was co-cultured with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and its osteogenic activity was examined in vitro by quantitative real-time PCR, alkaline phosphatase, and alizarin red S staining. The rat mandibular defect model was established, filled with bone graft, and divided into 3 groups based on membrane fixation method: M2NP@BGN (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) fixation group (M2NP@BGN), titanium nail fixation group (Nail), and unfixed control group (Negative). Bone regeneration was analyzed after 8 weeks by micro computed tomography and histological staining. Results: M2NP@BGN (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) was successfully synthesized and demonstrated rapid gelation under warm, humid conditions. The adhesive with a BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL exhibited the highest adhesive strength (P < 0.001) and significantly enhanced mechanical strength (P < 0.001) under 37℃ wet conditions. All formulations showed excellent biocompatibility, with cell viability > 80% and hemolysis ratio < 5%. M2NP@BGN (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) significantly upregulated the expression of Runx2 and Col I (P < 0.001) and enhanced the activity of osteogenic differentiation markers (P < 0.05). In the animal model, the M2NP@BGN group (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) achieved significantly higher bone volume fraction and better bone maturity compared to the negative and nail groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion M2NP@BGN (BGN concentration of 1 mg/mL) combines excellent wet adhesion with potent osteogenic activity, enhances the bone augmentation efficacy of membranes, and presents a novel fixation strategy with significant clinical translation potential for GBR therapy.

ObjectiveTo provide a reference for the rational clinical use of cold Chinese medicines by sorting and analyzing their properties， flavors， meridian tropism， primary therapeutic indications， methods of administration， dosages， and precautions as recorded in the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China （Chinese Pharmacopoeia）. MethodsCold Chinese medicines for internal and external use included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia were entered one by one， and their efficacy， properties， flavors， meridian tropism， methods of administration， dosages， and usage precautions were statistically classified and summarized to guide clinical medication use. ResultsA total of 259 cold Chinese medicines for internal use were included and categorized into 18 efficacy groups， mainly comprising heat-clearing drugs， water-excreting and dampness-draining drugs， and phlegm-resolving， cough- and asthma-relieving drugs. Their predominant flavors were bitter， sweet， and pungent， and they primarily entered the liver， lung， and stomach meridians. The main methods of administration included decocting first， grinding into powder for oral use， or preparing into pills or powders， with most dosages ranging from 9 to 15 g. A total of 83 cold Chinese medicines for external use were included， involving 16 efficacy categories. Their main flavors were bitter， sweet， and pungent， primarily entering the liver， lung， and large intestine meridians. The main external application methods were grinding into powder for topical use or preparing decoctions for fumigation and washing， with most dosages ranging from 9 to 15 g. Whether for internal or external use， cold Chinese medicines should be used with caution or contraindicated in pregnant women. ConclusionThe cold Chinese medicines included in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia are mainly suitable for patients with carbuncles， swellings， and coughs. However， in clinical practice， it is necessary to strictly follow the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment， pay attention to administration methods and dosages， and use cold medicines rationally and effectively to improve clinical efficacy.

Depression is a common mental disorder that falls under the category of "stagnation syndrome" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Its complex pathogenesis poses challenges for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Currently， clinically used antidepressants are often accompanied by significant side effects， and statistics show that about one-third of patients do not respond to these medications. TCM demonstrates advantages in the treatment of depression through multi-target， multi-pathway and multi-mechanistic approaches. Pinelliae Rhizoma， a phlegm-resolving herb， exhibits effects such as drying dampness and resolving phlegm， as well as eliminating stuffiness and reducing masses. The characteristics of harmonizing Yin and Yang and resolving stagnation in the middle energizer align precisely with the pathogenesis of depression syndrome， demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in affected patients. Literature studies have found that the active ingredients of Pinelliae Rhizoma， such as cavidine， baicalein， β-sitosterol， as well as Pinelliae Rhizoma herb pairs， such as Pinelliae Rhizoma-Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， Pinelliae Rhizoma-husked sorghum， Pinelliae Rhizoma-Prunellae Spica， exhibit significant antidepressant effects. Furthermore， TCM formulas containing Pinelliae Rhizoma as the principal therapeutic agent， such as Banxia Xiexin Tang， Banxia Houpo Tang， and Wendan Tang， as well as formulas incorporating Pinelliae Rhizoma like compound Xiaochaihu Tang， Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang， and Erchen Tang， have also demonstrated favorable antidepressant efficacy. The antidepressant mechanism of these agents may involve modulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and dopamine （DA） levels， up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） expression， regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， reduction of oxidative stress， modulation of nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and inhibition of microglia-mediated inflammatory responses. This review summarized the antidepressant mechanisms and clinical applications of the active components， herb pairs， and TCM formulas containing Pinelliae Rhizoma， aiming to provide a reference for modern research on the use of Pinelliae Rhizoma in antidepressant therapy.

Objective To compare the performance of 7 Chinese-developed GenAI models (DeepSeek, Wenxin Yiyan, Tongyi, Doubao, Kimi, Hunyuan, and iFLYTEK Spark) in responding to common diseases of the pediatric genitourinary system and to explore their potential applications.Methods A total of 80 questions covering basic disease information, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis related to “hypospadias, hydronephrosis, and cryptorchidism” were developed as prompts.The models were tested under 3 modes:“quick thinking, ”“deep thinking, ” and “deep thinking + internet access.” The results were evaluated in a blinded review by two pediatric urologists.The responses were graded into 4 levels—A, B, C, and D—based on accuracy, completeness, and relevance.The proportions of responses rated as A and A+B were statistically analyzed and compared across the different models/modes.Results The “deep thinking” mode of DeepSeek demonstrated the best performance, with 88% of responses rated as A and 96% rated as A+B.DeepSeek (deep thinking + internet access), Doubao (quick thinking), Hunyuan (deep thinking), and Doubao (deep thinking + internet access) followed closely, also showing excellent response capabilities.Among the top 5 models/modes, significant differences were observed in the proportion of Alevel responses (P＜0.05), while differences in the proportion of A+B-level responses were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion Certain Chinese-developed GenAI models, represented by DeepSeek (deep thinking), demonstrate significant application potential.However, they still cannot consistently provide recommendations rated at the A+B level (recommended grade or higher) with 100% accuracy.In clinical practice, both doctors and patients should view GenAI as an auxiliary tool for education and information acquisition rather than as a final decision-making authority.All information must be reviewed and confirmed by professional physicians.

This study assessed the role and mechanism of the recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Gue?rin vaccine(rBCG)with c-di-AMP adjuvant in regulating metabolism and immunity in epididymal white adipose(eWAT)in mice.Male C57BL/6 mice were intravenously immunized with BCG and rBCG,and their body weights were monitored.eWAT was isolated from the mice,and the stromal vascular fractions(SVFs)cell number was counted with a hemocytometer.Sections of mouse adipose tissue were prepared,and the size,number,and morphology of eWAT adipocytes and crown-like structure(CLS)formation were compared under a microscope after HE staining.The transcription levels of lipid metabolism-associated factors,cytokines and aging-associated genes in each group were determined with qRT-PCR.The body weights of mice gradually increased after immunization with BCG and rBCG.The proportions of eWAT increased,and the SVFs cell number decreased,in rBCG immunized mice.HE staining indicated that BCG immunization promoted hyperplasia,whereas rBCG immunization promoted hypertrophy of eWAT adipocytes;moreover,both BCG and rBCG immunization induced CLS formation in eWAT.The qRT-PCR results indicated that rBCG immunization inhibited the expression of genes associated with lipolysis and energy expenditure in eWAT.BCG immunization had little effect on cytokine transcription,whereas rBCG significantly induced the transcription of IFN-γ and IL-1Ra,and inhibited that of IL-15 and IL-2,but did not induce the expression of aging-associated genes.Thus,rBCG immunization induced eWAT adipocyte hypertrophy,which was associated with the inhibition of eWAT lipolysis and the regulation of cytokine expression.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria enteric-coated capsules in the adjuvant treatment of patientys with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)complicated with depression,and its effect on intestinal flora and inflammatory indicators.Methods A total of 168 patients with GDM complicated with depression were selected and randomly divided into the control group(81 cases,treated with psychological counseling,dietary control and appropriate exercise)and the observation group(87 cases,treated with Bifidobacterium trilactis enteric-coated capsules on the basis of the control group,2 capsules each time,twice a day).Both groups were treated for 1 month continuously.The therapeutic effects were evaluated after treatment.The depression degree of patients was evaluated by Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)before treatment and one month after treatment.The fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG)of patients were detected.The intestinal flora was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The inflammatory indicators serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and serum C-reactive protein(CRP)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoturbidimetry.The neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in peripheral venous blood were detected by automatic blood analyzer,and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)was calculated.The adverse drug reactions were recorded.Results The total effective rate was 96.55%in the observation group,which was higher than that of the control group(87.65%,P＜0.05).After 1 month of treatment,the SDS score,FBG,2 hPG,serum TNF-α,CRP and NLR were decreased in both groups,and those of the observation group were lower than the control group(P＜0.05).One month after treatment,there was no significant difference in the number of intestinal flora compared with that before treatment in the control group.The number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the observation group was increased compared with that before treatment,while the number of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis decreased.After 1 month of treatment,the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,while the number of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.01).The adverse reaction rate of the observation group was 3.45%,and there was no significant difference compared with 1.23%of the control group.Conclusion Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria enteric-coated capsules has a good clinical effect in the adjuvant treatment of GDM with depression,which can effectively control blood glucose level,improve intestinal flora,reduce inflammatory reaction and has good safety.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive orthopedics combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus.Methods Clinical data of hallux valgus patients who underwent minimally invasive orthopedics combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from June 2020 to June 2022 were collected.Hallux valgus angle(HVA),intermetatarsal angle(IMA),distal metatarsal articular angle(DMAA),visual analogue scale(VAS)score,American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scale score and complications were compared before and after surgery.Results A total of 186 patients with hallux valgus(328 feet)were included in the study.All patients successfully completed the operation and the follow-up period was 6 months.Six months after surgery,HVA,IMA and DMAA were significantly lower than before surgery,VAS score was significantly lower than before surgery,and AOFAS scale score was significantly higher than before surgery(P＜0.05).There were no postoperative complications such as wound infection,delayed union or nonunion of the osteotomy,and metastatic metatarsalgia.Conclusion Minimally invasive orthopedic combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy is safe and effective in treatment of hallux valgus,which has the advantages of less injury,good deformity correction and less postoperative complications,and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

The principle and composition of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were introduced.Three common faults of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were analyzed in terms of the phenomenon,cause and elimination measure.References were provided for clinical engineers to treat similar faults.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):116-120]

The principle and composition of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were introduced.Three common faults of Philips Ingenia Series MRI scanners were analyzed in terms of the phenomenon,cause and elimination measure.References were provided for clinical engineers to treat similar faults.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):116-120]

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive orthopedics combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus.Methods Clinical data of hallux valgus patients who underwent minimally invasive orthopedics combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from June 2020 to June 2022 were collected.Hallux valgus angle(HVA),intermetatarsal angle(IMA),distal metatarsal articular angle(DMAA),visual analogue scale(VAS)score,American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scale score and complications were compared before and after surgery.Results A total of 186 patients with hallux valgus(328 feet)were included in the study.All patients successfully completed the operation and the follow-up period was 6 months.Six months after surgery,HVA,IMA and DMAA were significantly lower than before surgery,VAS score was significantly lower than before surgery,and AOFAS scale score was significantly higher than before surgery(P＜0.05).There were no postoperative complications such as wound infection,delayed union or nonunion of the osteotomy,and metastatic metatarsalgia.Conclusion Minimally invasive orthopedic combined with Akin surgical segmental osteotomy is safe and effective in treatment of hallux valgus,which has the advantages of less injury,good deformity correction and less postoperative complications,and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.