ObjectiveTo screen suitable packaging and storage conditions for small packaged Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces， laying the foundation for developing standardized storage， maintenance techniques and determining shelf life. MethodsUsing the accelerated stability test method， the small packaged decoction pieces of Alismatis Rhizoma were placed in polyethylene plastic bags， aluminum foil polyethylene composite bags， and cowhide coated paper bags under temperature of （40±2） ℃ and relative humidity of （75±5）% conditions， the quality testing was conducted at the end of the 0^th， 1^st， 2^nd， 3^rd， and 6^th month， respectively. Using long-term stability test method， an orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate storage conditions， packaging materials， and packaging methods. At the end of the 0^th， 1^st， 3^rd， 6^th， 9^th， 12^th， 18^th， and 24^th month， the quality of small packaged Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces was tested under different packaging and storage conditions（including 2 packaging methods：vacuum packaging and sealed packaging， 3 storage conditions：room temperature， cool， and modified atmosphere， 3 packaging materials：cowhide coated paper bag， aluminum foil polyethylene composite bag， and polyethylene plastic bag）. Then， the G1-entropy weight method combined with orthogonal experiment was used to analyze the quality changes of the decoction pieces under different packaging and storage conditions to identify optimal packaging and storage conditions. The quality testing indicators for Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces were expanded beyond those specified in the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. In addition to the existing indicators（characteristics， moisture content， extractives， and the total content of 23-acetyl alisol B and 23-acetyl alisol C）， new indicators including color value， water activity， total triterpenoid content， and alisol B content have been added. ResultsThe accelerated stability test results indicated that the quality of small packaged Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces was more stable when packaged in aluminum foil-polyethylene composite materials compared to cowhide-coated paper bags and polyethylene plastic bags. Analysis of the long-term stability test results using the G1-entropy weight method combined with orthogonal experiment revealed that storage conditions had the greatest impact on both raw and salt-processed products， followed by packaging materials， while the packaging method had the least influence. For both types of small packaged Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces， modified atmosphere storage demonstrated superior efficacy compared to cool storage or room temperature storage. Storage in aluminum foil-polyethylene composite bags was superior to polyethylene plastic bags or cowhide-coated paper bags. However， the stability of sealed raw products was better than vacuum-packed ones， whereas vacuum-packed salt-processed products exhibited greater stability than their sealed counterparts. ConclusionBased on the results of the quality changes of small packaged Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces under different storage conditions， it is recommended that the suitable storage packaging conditions for small packaged raw products are sealed packaging with aluminum foil polyethylene composite bags and controlled atmosphere storage， and the suitable storage and packaging conditions for small packaged salt-processed products are vacuum packaging with aluminum foil polyethylene composite bags and controlled atmosphere storage.

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and validate a novel multimodal predictive model， termed criss-cross network（CCNet）-directed graph neural network（DGNN）（CGN）， for accurate assessment of pulmonary nodule progression in high-risk individuals for lung cancer， by integrating longitudinal chest computed tomography（CT） imaging with both traditional Chinese and western clinical evaluation data. MethodsA cohort of 4 432 patients with pulmonary nodules was retrospectively analyzed. A twin CCNet was employed to extract spatiotemporal representations from paired sequential CT scans. Structured clinical assessment and imaging-derived features were encoded via a multilayer perceptron， and a similarity-based alignment strategy was adopted to harmonize multimodal imaging features across temporal dimensions. Subsequently， a DGNN was constructed to integrate heterogeneous features， where nodes represented modality-specific embeddings and edges denoted inter-modal information flow. Finally， model optimization was performed using a joint loss function combining cross-entropy and cosine similarity loss， facilitating robust classification of nodule progression status. ResultsThe proposed CGN model demonstrated superior predictive performance on the held-out test set， achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC） of 0.830， accuracy of 0.843， sensitivity of 0.657， specificity of 0.712， Cohen's Kappa of 0.417， and F₁ score of 0.544. Compared with unimodal baselines， the CGN model yielded a 36%-48% relative improvement in AUC. Ablation studies revealed a 2%-22% increase in AUC when compared to simplified architectures lacking key components， substantiating the efficacy of the proposed multimodal fusion strategy and modular design. Incorporation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）-specific symptomatology led to an additional 5% improvement in AUC， underscoring the complementary value of integrating TCM and western clinical data. Through gradient-weighted activation mapping visualization analysis， it was found that the model's attention predominantly focused on nodule regions and effectively captured dynamic associations between clinical data and imaging-derived features. ConclusionThe CGN model， by synergistically combining cross-attention encoding with directed graph-based feature integration， enables effective alignment and fusion of heterogeneous multimodal data. The incorporation of both TCM and western clinical information facilitates complementary feature enrichment， thereby enhancing predictive accuracy for pulmonary nodule progression. This approach holds significant potential for supporting intelligent risk stratification and personalized surveillance strategies in lung cancer prevention.

Objective To mine the risk signals of adverse drug events(ADEs)related to lecanemab through the U.S.Food and Drug Adminstration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,to provide a reference for the safe clinical use of lecanemab.Methods Data on adverse events related to lecanemab from the fourth quarter,2010 to the second quarter 2024 in the FAERS were collected.Potential ADE signals were mined using the reporting odds ratio(ROR)method,Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency(MHRA)method,Bayesian confidence propagation neural network(BCPNN)method and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker(MGPS)method.The top 30 ADEs in terms of report frequency and signal strength,as well as ADEs categorized by system organ class(SOC),were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 868 adverse event reports related to lecanemab were collected,involving 1,986 instances of ADEs with 38 related ADE identified,the proportion of serious ADEs was 23.39％,and 87.15％of ADEs occurred in the first 3 months after the initiation of the drug.The top 30 PT signals in reported cases were headache,chills,fatigue,effusion type amyloid-related imaging abnormalities(ARIA-E),hemorrhage-type amyloid-related imaging abnormalities(ARIA-H),and so on.The top 30 signals in terms of signal intensity mainly included ARIA-E,ARIA-H,brain fog,infusion-related reactions.ADEs related to nervous system diseases were the most common.Fifteen new suspected or serious ADEs not recorded in the instructions were discovered,such as brain fog,formication,status epilepticus.Conclusion Risk assessment of patients'medication should be conducted before clinical use of lecanemab,especially in the first 3 months of the medication period,focus should be placed on monitoring common ADEs,such as ARIA-E,ARIA-H,infusion-related reactions.Attention also needs to be paid to the newly discovered suspected ADEs,to ensure the patients'medication safety.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of probiotics in the adjuvant treatment of bronchial asthma and to explore the relationship between their action and intestinal flora.Methods:A total of 76 newly diagnosed patients with mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma treated at Baotou Central Hospital between November 2023 and January 2025 were randomly divided into two groups:the conventional treatment group(n=38)and the combined probiotic treatment group(n=38).Post-treatment comparisons were made between the two groups regarding symptom resolution time,Asthma Control Test(ACT)scores,lung function,fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)levels,serum inflammatory cytokines,complement levels,and other indicators.Faecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota.Results:Baseline characteristics showed no significant differences between the two groups(P＞0.05).Compared to the conventional treatment group,the combined probiotic group exhibited significantly shorter resolution times for asthma symptoms and lung rales(P＜0.001),significantly higher ACT scores,FEV1,and PEF(P＜0.001),and significantly lower FeNO levels(P＜0.001).Additionally,serum interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and complement C3 levels were significantly reduced(P＜0.001),while serum interleukin-6(IL-10)levels were significantly increased(P＜0.001).16S rDNA sequencing revealed no significant changes in gut microbiota richness or diversity in the conventional treatment group before and after treatment(P＞0.05),whereas intestinal flora richness and diversity were significantly increased in the combined probiotic treatment group compared to the pre-treatment group(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis between gut microbiota and inflammatory markers demonstrated that Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium abundance were negatively correlated with TNF-α levels(P＜0.05),while Escherichia-Shigella,and Streptococcus abundance were positively correlated with TNF-α levels(P＜0.05).Streptococcus and Klebsiella abundance were positively correlated with IL-6 levels(P＜0.05).Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus abundance were negatively correlated with IL-10 levels and positively correlated with complement C3 levels(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Probiotics may assist in improving bronchial asthma symptoms by influencing the gut flora to reduce the inflammatory response.

Pyroptosis is a novel,inflammatory programmed cell death mediated by gasdermins(GSDMs),which characterized by the formation of membrane pores and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic,inflamma-tory autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovitis in multiple joints,progressive destruction of bone and cartilage,and eventually leading to joint deformity and disability.Recently,it has been shown that pyroptosis plays an important role in development of RA.This review summarizes the molecular mechanism of pyroptosis,its pathogenic role and therapeutic strategies in RA,aiming of providing new insights for the mechanism research and new drug development of RA.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective:To explore the effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide(rhBNP)combined with dopamine on cystatin C(CysC),homocysteine(Hcy)and cardiac function in patients with severe heart failure(HF).Methods:This randomized controlled study enrolled 110 severe HF patients admitted in Aerospace Center Hospital between December 2021 and December 2022.They were divided into control group(n=55,nitroglycerin combined dopamine)and combined treatment group(n=55,rhBNP combined dopamine).Each group received corresponding therapy based on basic treatment for one week.Therapeutic effect,levels of CysC,Hcy,left ventric-ular end-systolic diameter(LVESd),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with patients in control group,those in combined treatment group had significant higher total effective rate(81.82％vs.58.18％)and LVEF[(54.68±4.59)％vs.(44.79±4.37)％],and significant lower CysC[(1.02±0.19)mg/L vs.(1.40±0.21)mg/L],Hcy[(15.98±2.17)μmol/L vs.(21.05±2.82)μmol/L],LVESd[(35.13±3.51)mm vs.(41.71±3.28)mm]and LVEDd[(41.33±4.26)mm vs.(50.51±4.37)mm](P＜0.01 all).There was no significant difference in total incidence of adverse reactions between two groups(16.36％vs.7.27％,P=0.180).Conclusion:rhBNP combined with dopamine could significantly improve the clinical therapeutic effect,im-prove levels of CysC,Hcy and cardiac function with good safety in the treatment of severe HF.

Objective:To explore the impact of individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the compliance of nebulization inhalation, pulmonary ventilation status, respiratory function and exercise capacity of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to provide a reference for clinical nursing decisions.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients with AECOPD who were hospitalized in Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method. The control group received routine care. The observation group adopted the individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nebulization treatment, pulmonary ventilation status [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC], and exercise capacity [six minutes walk test (6MWT)] of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared, and the respiratory function [modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC)] after 3 days of intervention and at discharge were compared. Results:A total of 60 patients were finally included, including 30 in the control group, 21 males and 9 females, with an age of (73.90 ± 3.95) years. There were 30 cases in the observation group, including 25 males and 5 females, with an age of (72.93 ± 4.24) years. After the intervention, the compliance of nebulization treatment in the observation group was complete compliance in 20 cases, partial compliance in 10 cases, and non-compliance in 0 cases. In the control group, it was complete compliance in 12 cases, partial compliance in 13 cases, and non-compliance in 5 cases, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Z=2.40, P<0.05). The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1/FVC in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.47) L, (2.74 ± 0.85) L and (68.46 ± 6.71) % respectively, which were all higher than (2.21 ± 0.16) L, (2.26 ± 0.76) L and (62.49 ± 7.38) % in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=2.43, 2.31, 3.28, all P<0.05). The 6MWT of the observation group was (233.42 ± 24.28) m, which was higher than (214.28 ± 21.63) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.22, P<0.05). The mMRC scores of the observation group 3 days after intervention and at discharge were (2.05 ± 0.12) and (1.64 ± 0.13) points respectively, which were both lower than (2.14 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.14) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.04, 6.88, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing in elderly patients with AECOPD can improve their compliance with nebulization treatment, thereby enhancing their respiratory function and exercise capacity.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.