1.Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute stroke care. Experience of a comprehensive stroke center in Bulgaria
Mihael E. Tsalta-Mladenov ; Paola K. Nikolay ; Darina K. Georgieva ; Silva P. Andonova
Neurology Asia 2021;26(1):9-13
Background & Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant
impact on clinical practice worldwide with severe consequences for acute stroke care. We aimed to
evaluate our institution’s experience and measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute stroke
care in a single-center in Varna, Bulgaria. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, including all
the patients presented with acute stroke to a tertiary care referral center for neurological disorders in
Eastern Bulgaria. We compared the data aboutstroke incidence, patient characteristics, treatment details,
logistics, mortality rate, and general qualitative parameters in two periods - July to September 2020
(COVID) and the corresponding period in 2019 (pre-COVID). Results: There was a 17.29% increase
in all admissions in the COVID period compared with 2019, as there were more patients with firstever ischemic stroke (p=0.031) and more severe cases in comatose state during admission (p=0.0001).
During the pandemic, the time from onset to arrival in the hospital was significantly prolonged from
231 ± 233 minutes in 2019 to 615 ± 1179 minutes (p=0.0001), intravenous thrombolysis rates were
decreased (p=0.014), mortality from acute ischemic stroke was two-fold higher, and stroke-survivors
had a higher disability (p=0.0001). A decrease in the rehabilitation assessment was noted (p=0.002),
while door-to-needle time for thrombolysis and other major qualitative parameters of acute stroke
care did not significantly differ.
Conclusion: During the COVID pandemic, we found an increase in stroke cases and a substantial
delay from stroke onset to hospital presentation. These logistics changes could be one reason that led
to more severe cases with worse functional outcomes and higher mortality rates.

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