Objective:To identify latent profiles of emotional intelligence (EI) among undergraduate nursing interns and explore its impact on their ability to protect patient privacy, with the aim of providing a basis for targeted interventions.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 470 undergraduate nursing interns from four nursing colleges in Shandong Province between June and September 2024. Data were collected using a general demographic questionnaire, the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale-Chinese Version (WLEIS-C), the Patient Privacy Scale (PPS), the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (MSQ-ST), and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals (JSE-HP). Mplus 8.7 software was used to conduct latent profile analysis of emotional intelligence, and Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify influencing factors for the different EI profiles.Results:A total of 470 questionnaires were distributed in this study and 444 valid questionnaires were recovered, yielding a response rate of 94.47% (444/470). The EI of nursing interns was categorized into three latent profiles: low EI group ( n=81), moderate EI group ( n=170), and high EI group ( n=193). Logistic regression analysis indicated that liking for the nursing profession, moral sensitivity, and empathy ability were significant predictors of EI profile membership ( P<0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in total PPS scores and subscale scores among interns across the three EI profiles (all P<0.01) . Conclusions:Emotional intelligence among undergraduate nursing interns exhibits heterogeneity, and interns with different EI profiles show distinct levels of competence in protecting patient privacy. Nursing educators and administrators are advised to establish risk screening mechanisms to identify subgroups with low emotional intelligence. Targeted interventions should be developed based on influencing factors specific to each profile, aiming to enhance both emotional intelligence and privacy protection capabilities in a coordinated manner.

Objective:To identify latent profiles of emotional intelligence (EI) among undergraduate nursing interns and explore its impact on their ability to protect patient privacy, with the aim of providing a basis for targeted interventions.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 470 undergraduate nursing interns from four nursing colleges in Shandong Province between June and September 2024. Data were collected using a general demographic questionnaire, the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale-Chinese Version (WLEIS-C), the Patient Privacy Scale (PPS), the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (MSQ-ST), and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals (JSE-HP). Mplus 8.7 software was used to conduct latent profile analysis of emotional intelligence, and Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify influencing factors for the different EI profiles.Results:A total of 470 questionnaires were distributed in this study and 444 valid questionnaires were recovered, yielding a response rate of 94.47% (444/470). The EI of nursing interns was categorized into three latent profiles: low EI group ( n=81), moderate EI group ( n=170), and high EI group ( n=193). Logistic regression analysis indicated that liking for the nursing profession, moral sensitivity, and empathy ability were significant predictors of EI profile membership ( P<0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in total PPS scores and subscale scores among interns across the three EI profiles (all P<0.01) . Conclusions:Emotional intelligence among undergraduate nursing interns exhibits heterogeneity, and interns with different EI profiles show distinct levels of competence in protecting patient privacy. Nursing educators and administrators are advised to establish risk screening mechanisms to identify subgroups with low emotional intelligence. Targeted interventions should be developed based on influencing factors specific to each profile, aiming to enhance both emotional intelligence and privacy protection capabilities in a coordinated manner.

Objective:To explore the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension.Methods:Totally 341 hospitalized hypertensive patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February to May 2023 were selected by convenience sampling. Patients' general information, clinical data, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure results were collected. A binomial Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in these patients. The relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was examined using threshold effect tests and smooth curve fitting.Results:The binomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that blood phosphate level was a factor influencing the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in hypertensive patients ( P<0.05). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect test results showed that the relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was curve-correlated, with a turning point at 24.61 kg/m 2. To the left of the turning point, there was no correlation ( P=0.130) ; to the right, there was a correlation ( P=0.016) . Conclusions:When the BMI of hypertensive patients exceeds 24.61 kg/m 2, the likelihood of nocturnal hypertension increases with rising BMI, providing a precise intervention target for weight management-based patient care in hypertension.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:CSU patients treated with omalizumab were prospectively enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2021 to October 2023. These patients received subcutaneous injections of omalizumab at a dose of 300 mg every 4 weeks (150 mg for patients aged under 12 years) for at least 3 consecutive sessions. Data on general information, blood routine test, and serum total IgE levels were collected, and the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were evaluated by dermatologists at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. A decrease in UAS7 score of ≥ 11 points was defined as good disease control, while a decrease in UAS7 score of < 11 points was defined as poor control. Univariate binary logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the efficacy.Results:A total of 81 CSU patients were enrolled, including 34 males (42.0%) and 47 females (58.0%) ; their ages ranged from 6 to 66 years (39.2 ± 17.9 years), and the disease duration was 42.3 ± 6.9 months; the serum total IgE levels were 249.5 ± 216.3 IU/ml, with 54 patients (66.7%) showing elevated IgE levels (> 100 IU/ml). Compared with baseline levels, the UAS7, DLQI, and CU-Q2oL scores all significantly decreased at weeks 4, 8, and 12, while the UCT scores significantly increased (all P < 0.05). According to the UAS7 change values, 68 patients (83.9%) were well controlled, and 13 (16.1%) were poorly controlled. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher total IgE levels and higher mean platelet volume (MPV) were associated with better efficacy, while higher body mass index (BMI), higher BAI, and the complication of other allergic diseases were associated with poorer efficacy (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI, BAI, and MPV significantly affected efficacy: higher MPV was associated with better efficacy ( OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.196 - 9.465, P = 0.020), while higher BMI ( OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.599 - 0.957, P = 0.016) and higher BAI ( OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.870 - 0.985, P = 0.021) were associated with poorer efficacy. During the whole study, only 4 patients (5%) experienced drowsiness, low fever, redness or discomfort at the injection sites, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion:Omalizumab exhibited significant efficacy and high safety in the 12-week treatment of CSU, and BMI and BAI appeared to be risk factors for efficacy, while MPV seemed to be a protective factor affecting efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the expression of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and their clinical significance. Methods:Fifty-three patients with CMM and fifty-six patients with pigmented nevus were selected from those admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January 2017 and July 2023. The expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 in malignant melanoma tissues and pigmented nevus tissues were detected using immunohistochemic-al staining. The relationships between the expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 and the clinical characteristics of patients with CMM were then analyzed. Spearman's analysis was applied to assess the correlation between XBP1 and PD-L1 expression levels in CMM. Results:The expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 were significantly higher in CMM tissues than those in pigmented nevus tissues (P<0.05). Elevated XBP1 expression levels in patients with CMM were associated with clinical stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) grade 2-3 (P<0.05). Similarly,elevated PD-L1 expression levels in patients with CMM were associated with ulceration of the primary foci,clinical stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ,Clark grades Ⅳ-Ⅴ,and TILs grades 2-3 (P<0.05). Spearman's analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between XBP1 and PD-L1 expression in CMM (P<0.05). Conclusions:XBP1 and PD-L1 can be used as molecular markers for the diagnosis and evaluation of CMM. Ad-ditionally,XBP1 may affect the development of CMM by regulating the expression of PD-L1,thereby altering the tumor microenvironment.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:CSU patients treated with omalizumab were prospectively enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2021 to October 2023. These patients received subcutaneous injections of omalizumab at a dose of 300 mg every 4 weeks (150 mg for patients aged under 12 years) for at least 3 consecutive sessions. Data on general information, blood routine test, and serum total IgE levels were collected, and the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were evaluated by dermatologists at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. A decrease in UAS7 score of ≥ 11 points was defined as good disease control, while a decrease in UAS7 score of < 11 points was defined as poor control. Univariate binary logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the efficacy.Results:A total of 81 CSU patients were enrolled, including 34 males (42.0%) and 47 females (58.0%) ; their ages ranged from 6 to 66 years (39.2 ± 17.9 years), and the disease duration was 42.3 ± 6.9 months; the serum total IgE levels were 249.5 ± 216.3 IU/ml, with 54 patients (66.7%) showing elevated IgE levels (> 100 IU/ml). Compared with baseline levels, the UAS7, DLQI, and CU-Q2oL scores all significantly decreased at weeks 4, 8, and 12, while the UCT scores significantly increased (all P < 0.05). According to the UAS7 change values, 68 patients (83.9%) were well controlled, and 13 (16.1%) were poorly controlled. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher total IgE levels and higher mean platelet volume (MPV) were associated with better efficacy, while higher body mass index (BMI), higher BAI, and the complication of other allergic diseases were associated with poorer efficacy (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI, BAI, and MPV significantly affected efficacy: higher MPV was associated with better efficacy ( OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.196 - 9.465, P = 0.020), while higher BMI ( OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.599 - 0.957, P = 0.016) and higher BAI ( OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.870 - 0.985, P = 0.021) were associated with poorer efficacy. During the whole study, only 4 patients (5%) experienced drowsiness, low fever, redness or discomfort at the injection sites, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion:Omalizumab exhibited significant efficacy and high safety in the 12-week treatment of CSU, and BMI and BAI appeared to be risk factors for efficacy, while MPV seemed to be a protective factor affecting efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the expression of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and their clinical significance. Methods:Fifty-three patients with CMM and fifty-six patients with pigmented nevus were selected from those admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January 2017 and July 2023. The expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 in malignant melanoma tissues and pigmented nevus tissues were detected using immunohistochemic-al staining. The relationships between the expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 and the clinical characteristics of patients with CMM were then analyzed. Spearman's analysis was applied to assess the correlation between XBP1 and PD-L1 expression levels in CMM. Results:The expression levels of XBP1 and PD-L1 were significantly higher in CMM tissues than those in pigmented nevus tissues (P<0.05). Elevated XBP1 expression levels in patients with CMM were associated with clinical stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) grade 2-3 (P<0.05). Similarly,elevated PD-L1 expression levels in patients with CMM were associated with ulceration of the primary foci,clinical stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ,Clark grades Ⅳ-Ⅴ,and TILs grades 2-3 (P<0.05). Spearman's analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between XBP1 and PD-L1 expression in CMM (P<0.05). Conclusions:XBP1 and PD-L1 can be used as molecular markers for the diagnosis and evaluation of CMM. Ad-ditionally,XBP1 may affect the development of CMM by regulating the expression of PD-L1,thereby altering the tumor microenvironment.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between changes in the entorhinal cortex （EC） of traumatic brain injury （TBI） and cognitive function based on structural magnetic resonance imaging. 【Methods】 MRI was performed in 26 patients with clinically confirmed TBI after admission， and the Mini-mental State Examination （MMSE） was followed up 6 months later. The TBI patients were classified as mild TBI and moderate to severe TBI according to the post-traumatic Glasgow coma scale （GCS）. We compared the differences in age， gender， education level， hypertension， diabetes， TBI operation history， and follow-up MMSE between the two groups. Then the morphology， surface area， volume and thickness of the patient’s EC were evaluated using the visual score and Freesurfer software， and finally the correlation between EC parameters and MMSE was analyzed. 【Results】 The study included 12 cases of mild TBI and 14 cases of moderate to severe TBI. There were no statistical differences in age， gender， years of education， hypertension， diabetes or TBI operation history. However， the two groups differed significantly in follow-up MMSE. Visual evaluation showed statistical difference in the left EC scores. Structural MRI showed that the volume and thickness of left EC were statistically different between the two groups. The correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the thickness of left EC and MMSE （r=0.430， P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 Entorhinal cortex atrophy after TBI is related to the severity of trauma， and it can reflect the long-term cognitive level of patients， which can be used as a noninvasive and reliable imaging marker for evaluating cognitive impairment after TBI.

Aim To investigate the changes of serum metabolism after the treatment of DOA and DOO on myocardial ischemia reperfusion ( MI/R ) injury in rats, and to explore the pathogenesis of MI/R injury and drug action mechanism. Method The serum samples of Sham group, Model group, DOA group and DOO group of rats were acquired, gas phase time of flight mass spectrometry ( GC-TOF-MS) was applied to analyze the metabolic profiles of the samples. After da-ta preprocessing, they were processed into SIMCA 14. 1 software for multivariate statistical analysis. Results By principal components analysis ( PCA ) , partial least squares analysis ( PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares analysis ( OPLS-DA ) , the Model group and Sham group were obviously separated, the drug in-tervention group and Model group were separated and close to Sham group. The therapeutic effect of DOO and DOA on MI/R injury in rats was proved. The ex-perimental results identified 13 endogenous biomark-ers, which were related to the glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathway. Con-clusion DOA and DOO may protect the MI/R injured rats by regulating the glucose metabolism, lipid metab-olism and amino acid metabolism pathway.