Objective:To evaluate the progress and trends in perioperative management of postoperative delirium(POD)in the elderly over the past decade,providing insights for future research in China.Methods:Literature related to perioperative management of POD in elderly patients was retrieved from the Web of Science database published from Jan 1,2014,to Dec 31,2023.Articles and reviews were selected,and CiteSpace 6.3.1 software was used for duplicate removal and comprehensive analysis.Results:A total of 655 relevant publications were included,showing an overall increasing trend in annual output.China contributed 147 publications(22.44%,147/655),while the United States produced 134 publications(20.46%,134/655).Research hotspots focused on"hip fracture","neurocognitive disorders","Alzheimer's disease",and"oxidative stress".Conclusions:Research on the prevention and treatment of POD in elderly patients is growing globally.Although China has produced a substantial number of publications,its academic influence remains relatively limited.While clinical studies have elucidated strategies for POD prevention and treatment,further research is needed to validate intervention efficacy and explore underlying mechanisms.

Objective:To evaluate the progress and trends in perioperative management of postoperative delirium(POD)in the elderly over the past decade,providing insights for future research in China.Methods:Literature related to perioperative management of POD in elderly patients was retrieved from the Web of Science database published from Jan 1,2014,to Dec 31,2023.Articles and reviews were selected,and CiteSpace 6.3.1 software was used for duplicate removal and comprehensive analysis.Results:A total of 655 relevant publications were included,showing an overall increasing trend in annual output.China contributed 147 publications(22.44%,147/655),while the United States produced 134 publications(20.46%,134/655).Research hotspots focused on"hip fracture","neurocognitive disorders","Alzheimer's disease",and"oxidative stress".Conclusions:Research on the prevention and treatment of POD in elderly patients is growing globally.Although China has produced a substantial number of publications,its academic influence remains relatively limited.While clinical studies have elucidated strategies for POD prevention and treatment,further research is needed to validate intervention efficacy and explore underlying mechanisms.

The p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is serine/threonine protein kinase that is critical for cancer progression. Guided by X-ray crystallography and structure-based optimization, we report a novel subseries of C-3-substituted 6-ethynyl-1H-indole derivatives that display high potential and specificity towards group II PAKs. Among these inhibitors, compound 55 exhibited excellent inhibitory activity and kinase selectivity, displayed superior anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties against the lung cancer cell line A549 and the melanoma cell line B16. Compound 55 exhibited potent in vivo antitumor metastatic efficacy, with over 80% and 90% inhibition of lung metastasis in A549 or B16-BL6 lung metastasis models, respectively. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that compound 55 mitigated TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).