OBJECTIVE To provide references and suggestions for the establishment of medication management in care transitions in China. METHODS This study systematically reviewed the medication management in care transitions led by pharmacists in the United States， summarized the clinical practice evidence of its service system， personnel configuration， development bottlenecks and effect benefits， and explored the suggestions for optimizing the work in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The United States medication management in care transitions is characterized by standardized workflows and precision interventions. It focuses on the treatment continuity period when patients transition across institutions and stages， establishing a pharmacist-led， multidisciplinary collaborative monitoring system. Empirical studies confirm its effectiveness in reducing medication errors， lowering healthcare costs， and improving patient satisfaction. The United States model has achieved professionalization and standardization. Adapting its successful experiences as well as combining our local situation can establish a pharmacist-led medication management framework in care transitions through four key dimensions： role definition， training mechanisms， standardized protocols， and evaluation metrics， and improve the further development of pharmaceutical care services.

Objective: To compare the effects of height-desk-chair matching on the viewing distance of primary school students before and after intervention, so as to provide scientific basis for the hygiene management of desks and chairs. Methods: From April to June 2025, a random cluster sampling method was used to select 141 third grade students from three classes equipped with adjustable desks and chairs in a primary school in Hefei City for a height-desk-chair matching intervention study. The height of students desks and chairs was adjusted according to the standard height and height range specified in the Functional Sizes and Technical Requirements of Chairs and Tables for Educational Institutions (GB/T 3976-2014), with an intervention period of one week. Before and after the intervention, eye use data were measured by using the electronic smart device "Cloud Clip", while collecting data on vision data viewing distance, time spent using eyes at close range and outdoor time, desk and chair height, and physical examination. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the factors related to viewing distance before the intervention of height-desk-chair matching, and a paired t-test was used to analyze the difference in viewing distance before and after the intervention. A mixed effects model was used to explore the effect of height desk and chair adaptation intervention on viewing distance. Results: The compliance rates for desk and chair adjustments before and after the intervention were 1.4% and 18.4%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=22.84, P <0.01). The viewing distance increased from (30.48±5.01) cm before intervention to (32.06±5.75) cm post intervention, with a statistically significant difference ( t=4.57, P <0.01). The proportion of students meeting the viewing distance standard increased from 33.3% to 51.1%. The linear mixedeffects model results indicated that the association between height appropriate desk and chair interventions and viewing distance was statistically significant, regardless of whether covariates such as time spent using eyes at close range and outdoor time were adjusted ( β=-1.58, 95%CI = -2.25 to -0.91; β=-1.14, 95%CI =-1.85 to -0.43, both P <0.05). Conclusion Height adjusted desks and chairs, which can effectively increase the viewing distance for primary school students, has positive implications for improving healthy eye care behaviors among children and adolescents.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Xianfang Huomingyin （XFHMY） in the treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis （CP/CPPS） through network pharmacology， molecular docking， and animal experiments. MethodsThe traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and the Swiss Target Prediction database were used to screen and sort out the active ingredients and corresponding targets of XFHMY. The potential therapeutic targets of CP/CPPS were collected from online databases， such as the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， GeneCards， and DisGeNET. The potential core targets of XFHMY for treating CP/CPPS were further screened by constructing a protein-protein interaction （PPI） network and performing topological analysis. Meanwhile， the DAVID database was chosen to perform enrichment analysis on the intersection targets. On this basis， the AutoDock software was used for molecular docking， and the data was subsequently imported into the GraphPad Prism 8 software to generate a heat map. SD rats were divided into seven groups： A blank group， a sham operation group， a model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose XFHMY groups （3.645， 7.29， 14.58 g·kg^-1）， and a tamsulosin hydrochloride group （0.018 mg·kg^-1）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes in prostate tissue. The inflammatory factor indicators of rats in each group were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）， protein kinase B （Akt）， and nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） p65 in prostate tissue. ResultsThe HE staining showed no significant signs of inflammatory cell infiltration in the prostate of the sham operation group compared to the blank group， while the model group had significantly inflammatory cell infiltration. The ELISA results showed that compared to the blank group， TNF-α， IL-1β， and COX-2 in the sham operation group had no significant differences. However， they were significantly higher in the model group （P<0.01）， indicating successful CP/CPPS modeling in rats. Compared with the model group， the low-，medium-and high-dose XFHMY group and the tamsulosin hydrochloride group showed significant decreases in TNF-α， IL-1β， and COX-2 （P<0.05，P<0.01）. The Real-time PCR analysis revealed that compared to the model group， the low-dose XFHMY group had reduced Akt and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression（P<0.05，P<0.01）. In the medium-and high-dose XFHMY group and tamsulosin hydrochloride group， PI3K， Akt， and NF-κB p65 mRNA levels decreased significantly（P<0.05，P<0.01）. Western blot analysis showed that compared to the model group， the low-dose XFHMY group had lower p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 （P<0.05）. The medium- and high-dose XFHMY group and the tamsulosin hydrochloride group showed significant decreases in p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt-ser473/Akt， p-Akt-thr308/Akt， and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 （P<0.01）. ConclusionXFHMY may exert therapeutic efficacy on CP/CPPS by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing inflammatory responses. Additionally， NF-κB activation may be related to the activation of ser473 and thr308 sites.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that acupuncture at the governor meridian has precise efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke and can improve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating pyroptosis,but the upstream regulatory mechanisms are not yet fully clarified.OBJECTIVE:To observe the neuroprotective effect of electroacupuncture in model rats of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.METHODS:Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham surgery,model,and electroacupuncture groups,with nine rats in each group.Modified suture method was used to establish cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model rats in the model and electroacupuncture groups.The electroacupuncture group was subjected to electroacupuncture at"Baihui,""Fengfu,"and"Dazhui"acupoints,20 minutes each,once a day,for 7 consecutive days.After treatment,neurological deficit scoring and pole test were performed to assess behavioral changes.Tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to assess cerebral infarction size in rats.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe morphological changes in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats.Immunofluorescence analysis was used to determine Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species levels in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats,ELISA method was used for measuring interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α levels in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of thioredoxin interaction protein,nod-like receptor associated protein 3(NLRP3),Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats respectively,and the interaction between thioredoxin interaction protein and NLRP3 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham surgery group,rats in the model group showed an increase in neurological deficit score,pole test score,cerebral infarction volume(P<0.05),the immunofluorescence expression of Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species(P<0.05),the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α(P<0.05),and the mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin interaction protein,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue(P<0.05).Hematoxylin-eosin staining in the model group showed neuronal degeneration and necrosis,with fragmented and dissolved nuclei and cellular vacuoles.(2)Compared with the model group,rats in the electroacupuncture group showed a reduction in neurological deficit score,pole climbing test score,cerebral infarction volume(P<0.05),the immunofluorescence expression of Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species(P<0.05),the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α(P<0.05),and the mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin interaction protein,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue(P<0.05).Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the pathological damage of neurons in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats in the electroacupuncture group was significantly attenuated,with significantly reduced cell necrosis and vacuolation.(3)Immunoprecipitation assay showed an interaction between thioredoxin interaction proteins and NLRP3 in the cerebral cortical tissues on the infarcted side of rats in the model group.To conclude,electroacupuncture has a significant therapeutic effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,possibly by inhibiting the reactive oxygen species/thioredoxin interaction protein/NLRP3 cell pyroptosis signaling pathway and activation of microglia to reduce the release of inflammatory factors.

Objective To explore the effects of gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach on neck function and aesthetic effect in patients with early thyroid tumor.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 116 patients with early thyroid tumor admitted to our hospital from December 2020 to December 2023.They were divided into the observation group and the control group according to block random method,with 58 cases in each group.Patients in the control group underwent open thyroidectomy,while patients in the observation group underwent gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach.The surgical indicators,neck function,cosmetic effect,and complications of patients in the two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had a longer surgical time(P<0.05),less intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage volume(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of the time point,inter-group and interaction effects of the neck injury index and the time point and inter-group effects of swallowing disorder index of patients between the two groups(P<0.05).Compared with 3 days after surgery,the neck injury index and swallowing disorder index at 6 months and 12 months after surgery of patients in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the neck injury index and swallowing disorder index at 6 months and 12 months after surgery of patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the observation group had better cosmetic effects(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications of patients in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach has better efficacy for early thyroid tumor,which can effectively improve neck function and aesthetic effect,promote the recovery of patients,and has high safety and patient satisfaction.

Objective:This study aims to establish an animal model that accurately replicates the clinical symptoms and pathologi-cal changes of late-stage human TMJOA,with the goal of providing a standardized and reliable animal experimental method for sub-sequent research on the disease.Methods:Forty-eight male New Zealand rabbits aged 4 to 6 months were randomly divided into a model group and a sham group.The animals in the model group underwent bilateral temporomandibular joint disc perforation surgery,while the animals in the sham group underwent a sham surgery.The modeling effects were assessed at 4,8,and 12 weeks post-surgery using nociceptive behavior assessments,passive mouth opening measurements,histological analysis(HE,Safranin O-fast green staining),immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence staining,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Results:Animals in the model group exhibited distinct TMJOA symptoms,including joint pain and restricted mouth opening.Histologically,typical osteo-arthritis changes were evident.The Mankin osteoarthritis score was significantly higher(P＜O.05).Conclusion:The TMJ disc perfo-ration model resmbled the same clinical manifestations and pathological changes seen in human TMJOA.

Objective:This study aims to establish an animal model that accurately replicates the clinical symptoms and pathologi-cal changes of late-stage human TMJOA,with the goal of providing a standardized and reliable animal experimental method for sub-sequent research on the disease.Methods:Forty-eight male New Zealand rabbits aged 4 to 6 months were randomly divided into a model group and a sham group.The animals in the model group underwent bilateral temporomandibular joint disc perforation surgery,while the animals in the sham group underwent a sham surgery.The modeling effects were assessed at 4,8,and 12 weeks post-surgery using nociceptive behavior assessments,passive mouth opening measurements,histological analysis(HE,Safranin O-fast green staining),immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence staining,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Results:Animals in the model group exhibited distinct TMJOA symptoms,including joint pain and restricted mouth opening.Histologically,typical osteo-arthritis changes were evident.The Mankin osteoarthritis score was significantly higher(P＜O.05).Conclusion:The TMJ disc perfo-ration model resmbled the same clinical manifestations and pathological changes seen in human TMJOA.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that acupuncture at the governor meridian has precise efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke and can improve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating pyroptosis,but the upstream regulatory mechanisms are not yet fully clarified.OBJECTIVE:To observe the neuroprotective effect of electroacupuncture in model rats of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.METHODS:Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham surgery,model,and electroacupuncture groups,with nine rats in each group.Modified suture method was used to establish cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model rats in the model and electroacupuncture groups.The electroacupuncture group was subjected to electroacupuncture at"Baihui,""Fengfu,"and"Dazhui"acupoints,20 minutes each,once a day,for 7 consecutive days.After treatment,neurological deficit scoring and pole test were performed to assess behavioral changes.Tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to assess cerebral infarction size in rats.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe morphological changes in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats.Immunofluorescence analysis was used to determine Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species levels in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats,ELISA method was used for measuring interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α levels in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of thioredoxin interaction protein,nod-like receptor associated protein 3(NLRP3),Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats respectively,and the interaction between thioredoxin interaction protein and NLRP3 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham surgery group,rats in the model group showed an increase in neurological deficit score,pole test score,cerebral infarction volume(P<0.05),the immunofluorescence expression of Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species(P<0.05),the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α(P<0.05),and the mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin interaction protein,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue(P<0.05).Hematoxylin-eosin staining in the model group showed neuronal degeneration and necrosis,with fragmented and dissolved nuclei and cellular vacuoles.(2)Compared with the model group,rats in the electroacupuncture group showed a reduction in neurological deficit score,pole climbing test score,cerebral infarction volume(P<0.05),the immunofluorescence expression of Iba-1 and reactive oxygen species(P<0.05),the levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α(P<0.05),and the mRNA and protein expression of thioredoxin interaction protein,NLRP3,Caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in cerebral cortex tissue(P<0.05).Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the pathological damage of neurons in cerebral cortex tissue on the infarcted side of rats in the electroacupuncture group was significantly attenuated,with significantly reduced cell necrosis and vacuolation.(3)Immunoprecipitation assay showed an interaction between thioredoxin interaction proteins and NLRP3 in the cerebral cortical tissues on the infarcted side of rats in the model group.To conclude,electroacupuncture has a significant therapeutic effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,possibly by inhibiting the reactive oxygen species/thioredoxin interaction protein/NLRP3 cell pyroptosis signaling pathway and activation of microglia to reduce the release of inflammatory factors.

Aim To investigate the anti-acute lung injury(ALI)effect of Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen(SLS)and its mechanism.Methods The main ac-tive components of SLS and their core targets and path-ways of action against ALI were obtained by network pharmacology methods.Subsequently,molecular doc-king technology and in vitro cellular experiments were applied for validation.Results A total of 19 core tar-gets were obtained,including HSP90AA1,CASP3,TNF,MAPK8 and MAPK14.The mechanisms may in-volve signaling pathways such as cancer,PI3K/Akt and MAPK.Molecular docking confirmed that the key targets of SLS formed a better binding activity with the relevant active ingredients.The in vitro results showed that SLS was able to protect the PM2.5-contaminated BEAS-2B cells,inhibit their NO,IL-1β and TNF-αlevels,and reduce the expression of p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK proteins.Conclusions The study successfully predicts the active ingredients,targets and signaling pathways of SLS against ALI,and in vitro experiments demonstrate that SLS might protect BEAS-2B cells from PM2.5 stimulus-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the over-activation of p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways.

Objective To explore the effects of gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach on neck function and aesthetic effect in patients with early thyroid tumor.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 116 patients with early thyroid tumor admitted to our hospital from December 2020 to December 2023.They were divided into the observation group and the control group according to block random method,with 58 cases in each group.Patients in the control group underwent open thyroidectomy,while patients in the observation group underwent gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach.The surgical indicators,neck function,cosmetic effect,and complications of patients in the two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had a longer surgical time(P<0.05),less intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage volume(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of the time point,inter-group and interaction effects of the neck injury index and the time point and inter-group effects of swallowing disorder index of patients between the two groups(P<0.05).Compared with 3 days after surgery,the neck injury index and swallowing disorder index at 6 months and 12 months after surgery of patients in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the neck injury index and swallowing disorder index at 6 months and 12 months after surgery of patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the observation group had better cosmetic effects(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications of patients in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy via axillary approach has better efficacy for early thyroid tumor,which can effectively improve neck function and aesthetic effect,promote the recovery of patients,and has high safety and patient satisfaction.