Objective: To explore the association between problematic short video use (PSVU) and executive function among students in grades 3 to 6 of primary school, so as to provide references for intervening in primary school students PSVU. Methods: In September 2024 (T1), using a convenience sampling method, 520 students in grades 3 to 6 from a primary school in Xi an City of Shaanxi Province were selected as research subjects. They were followed up at three time points: T1, T2 (January 2025), and T3 (May 2025) using an adapted version of the Internet Addiction Test and Questionnaire of Executive Functioning of Chinese. Pearson correlation and cross lagged model were used to analyze the correlation between PSVU and executive function among primary school students at each time point. Results: The mean PSVU scores of primary school students at T1-T3 were (35.51±12.46, 34.86± 12.64 , 35.16±13.37) respectively, and the mean executive function scores were (68.31±12.95, 64.92±12.99, 66.58±14.13) respectively. Correlation analysis results indicated that PSVU scores and executive function scores were positively correlated in all three measurements ( r =0.26~0.62, all P <0.01). Cross lagged analysis results showed that executive function scores at T1 could positively predict PSVU scores at T2 ( β =0.21), and executive function scores at T2 could positively predict PSVU scores at T3 ( β = 0.20) (both P <0.01). Conclusion The level of executive function in students from grades 3 to 6 of primary school can unidirectionally predict the severity of their PSVU.

Despite of the widespread use of hydrogen and methane breath test, the variability in testing protocols, gas measurement techniques, and interpretation criteria continues to challenge the reproducibility and comparability across centers, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. The Asian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association hence presents the first Asian monograph guiding application and interpretation of breath test. The monograph was formulated according to the framework of indications, preparatory process, performance, and interpretation of results, as well as future direction for research.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of Huangqin Qingre Chubi capsules （HQC） in patients with rheumatoid arthritis （RA） and the syndrome of dampness-heat obstruction and investigate the mechanism by which HQC restore clinical and laboratory parameters in RA patients through regulation of the long non-coding RNA （LncRNA） endogenous Bornavirus-like nucleoprotein 3 pseudogene （EBLN3P）/miR-369-3p/nuclear factor I X（NFIX）-Janus kinase（JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） signaling pathway，thereby providing new experimental evidence and potential therapeutic targets for the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） treatment of RA. MethodsA randomized controlled trial design was adopted，with 100 RA patients meeting the criteria assigned into an observation group （n=50） and a control group （n=50）. In addition，50 healthy controls were enrolled. The control group received leflunomide plus meloxicam，while the observation group additionally received HQC. Efficacy was assessed after 4 weeks of treatment. Observation indicators including Western medicine indicators （DAS28，CPRI-RA，SF-36，VAS，PGA，PhGA，and SAS/SDS），TCM syndrome scores （TCMSS-RADHP，TCMSS-RASDP），and laboratory indicators （ESR，CRP，RF，anti-CCP antibody，VEGF，bFGF，MMP-2/9，p-JAK2/STAT3，and LncRNA EBLN3P/miR-369-3p/NFIX expression） were measured to comprehensively explore the therapeutic mechanism of HQC. ResultsThe study included 45 healthy controls （34 males and 11 females） and 87 RA patients （22 males and 65 females）. The median age，median disease duration，and median BMI of patients were 56 years old，10 years，and 21.51 kg·m^-2，respectively. Compared with healthy controls，the RA group exhibited a typical state of immune-inflammatory activation as manifested by elevated levels of ESR，anti-CCP antibodies，CRP，and RF （P<0.01），raised clinical symptom scores （DAS28，VAS，PGA，PhGA，CPRI-RA，and TCM symptoms） （P<0.05，P<0.01），and reduced SF-36 domain scores （P<0.01）. Molecular detection revealed abnormal expression of LncRNA EBLN3P and miR-369-3p，upregulated expression of key proteins in the JAK/STAT pathway （JAK2/p-JAK2 and STAT3/p-STAT3） and angiogenesis markers （VEGF，bFGF，and MMP-2/9），and downregulated expression of NFIX （P<0.05，P<0.01） in the RA group. Spearman correlation analysis further demonstrated associations of key molecules in the LncRNA EBLN3P/miR-369-3p/NFIX-JAK/STAT pathway with immune-inflammatory markers and clinical symptom scores （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Regarding treatment response，both groups showed reductions in ESR，anti-CCP，CRP，and RF levels compared with baseline （P<0.01） and restored scores of DAS28，CPRI-RA，VAS，PGA，PhGA，TCM symptoms，SAS，SDS，and all SF-36 domains （P<0.01）. The observation group outperformed the control group in restoring the scores of SAS，SDS，PGA，TCMSS-SDP，and SF-36 domains （PF，BP，GH，VT，and SF） （P<0.05）. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that post-treatment expression levels of LncRNA EBLN3P，miR-369-3p，NFIX，JAK2，p-JAK2，STAT3，p-STAT3，VEGF，bFGF，MMP-2，and MMP-9 were recovered compared with pre-treatment levels （P<0.01）. Notably，the observation group demonstrated superior regulatory effects on p-JAK2，STAT3，p-STAT3，and MMP-9 compared with the control group （P<0.05）. Apriori association rule analysis revealed that HQC treatment was significantly correlated with reduced TCMSS-RADHP，ESR，SF，DAS28，SAS，and SDS scores，as well as increased VT，GH，and RP scores （confidence >80%，support >50%）. Regarding safety，two patients in the observation group experienced mild gastrointestinal discomfort，and one patient in the control group developed a rash. All the symptoms resolved after symptomatic treatment. ConclusionHQC target and regulate the LncRNA EBLN3P/miR-369-3p/NFIX-JAK/STAT axis to inhibit angiogenesis and inflammatory responses，reduce immune inflammatory markers，alleviate clinical symptoms，and improve the quality of life in RA patients，exerting synergistic effects on symptoms and quality of life.

Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common gynecological endocrine and reproductive disorder，with the main clinical manifestations including ovulation failure，insulin resistance，hyperandrogenism，and obesity. Its occurrence and development are closely related to cellular regulatory mechanisms such as apoptosis，autophagy，oxidative stress，and inflammatory response. Autophagy，as a clearance mechanism that maintains cellular homeostasis，plays a crucial role in maintaining the growth，development，and maturation of oocytes. Exploring the mechanism of autophagy during the occurrence and development of diseases can help develop treatment methods for PCOS by regulating autophagy. Studies have shown that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS，and it can affect the occurrence and development of PCOS through multiple pathways，levels，and targets. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） regulates autophagy in ovarian granulosa cells or endometrium of patients with PCOS by targeting the expression of autophagy signaling pathways，regulatory factors，and non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules，thereby alleviating inflammation，regulating metabolism disorders，and balancing hormone levels in PCOS. Accordingly，TCM can ameliorate pathological conditions such as insulin resistance，hyperandrogenism，and ovulation failure in PCOS. This article summarizes the TCM formulas and extracts for the treatment of PCOS，as well as the main autophagy pathways and regulatory factors involved，aiming to provide reference and suggestions for the future treatment of PCOS with TCM by regulating autophagy.

Objective To predict the mechanism of herbal couple Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma(CR-SR)in modulation of angiogenesis against lung cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology,and validate by zebrafish model.Methods The active ingredients and potential targets for anti-lung cancer and antiangiogenesis of CR and SR were screened by network pharmacology.The targets were intersected with those screened from the OMIM database and GeneCards database for lung cancer and antiangiogenesis.Herbal couple-lung cancer and herbal couple-antiangiogenesis of protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by taking intersecting targets to screen the common and core targets of the herbal couple in lung cancer and anti-angiogenesis.Herbal couple-lung cancer and herbal couple-antiangiogenesis of Gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed by Metascape database.The binding ability and the amino acid residues involved of core targets to major components were evaluated by molecular docking technique.In vitro,CCK-8 method was applied to investigate the effects of herbal couple and single drugs on the cell viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).Zebrafish embryos were randomly divided into blank control group,different concentration of drug pairs and single drug group,and positive drug control group,and the number of intersegmental vessels of zebrafish in each group was counted after 72 hour.The mRNA expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes,VEGFA,VEGFR2,VEGFR3,EGFR,etc.,were detected by qRT-PCR.Results 106 herbal couple-lung cancer common targets and 130 herbal couple-antiangiogenesis common targets were screened by network pharmacology.Meanwhile,85 of targets were identical.GO function enrichment analyses of herbal couple-lung cancer resulted in 1648 GO analysis entries,KEGG pathway enrichment analyses resulted in 186 signaling pathways.GO function enrichment analyses herbal couple-antiangiogenesis resulted in 1844 GO analysis entries,KEGG pathway enrichment analyses resulted in 188 signaling pathways.The molecular docking results showed a better affinity between the target and the components,and the forces between them mainly included hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.In vitro cellular experiments demonstrated that the two drugs were used as a drug pair to enhance the inhibitory effect on the cell viability of HUVECs.The zebrafish experiments indicated that the toxicity order of herbal couple and single drugs was CR>CR-SR>SR.The results of transgenic zebrafish vascular fluorescence model confirmed that CR-SR and single drugs had anti-angiogenic activity,with the anti-angiogenic activity order of herbal couple and single drugs was CR-SR>SR>CR.The results of qRT-PCR showed that CR-SR drug pairs and single drugs significantly reduced the expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes VEGFA,VEGFR2,EGFR,MMP9,etc.,and had anti-angiogenic effects.Conclusion CR-SR and single drugs had anti-lung cancer effects on multiple identical targets and regulated multiple identical signaling pathways,and their combination had a synergistic effect.The treatment of lung cancer may be through the regulation of angiogenesis-related target VEGFA,VEGFR2,EGFR,etc.,in order to play an anti-angiogenic effect.

Objective To investigate the learning curve of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Methods Using cumulative sum(CUSUM)analysis method,the clinical data from 110 patients,who underwent CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy performed by the same physician at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of China between May 2024 and October 2024,were retrospectively analyzed.The CUSUM learning curve was fitted,and R2 was used to assess the goodness of fit.The baseline and perioperative data were compared between different stages of the learning curve so as to determine the number of accomplished surgical cases that was required for a physician to reach the proficiency stage from the learning stage in performing CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Results Successful CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was accomplished in all patients,with a mean operation time of(20.2+3.4)minutes(range of 15-29 minutes).With the accumulation of surgical cases,the operation time showed a gradual downward trend.The learning curve was best fitted with a cubic equation,the equation was as follows:CUSUM(110)=0.000 3x3-0.081 3x2+5.597 9x+0.774 3(where x representing the number of cases),with a goodness-of-fit coefficient R2=0.991.The fitted curve reached its peak at the performance of the 46th case,which was used as the cutoff point to divide the learning curve into two phases.Compared with the learning phase,in the proficiency phase the incidence of complications was significantly lower(pneumothorax:18.8％vs 37.0％,P=0.033)and the mean operation time was obviously shorter[(18.33+2.31)min vs(22.80±3.02)min,P＜0.001].Conclusion Through precise CUSUM analysis of the learning curves obtained from 110 patients receiving CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy,the results of this study indicates that it requires to accomplish 46 operations before a physician can skillfully master the technique of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.

Objective:To investigate the prospective association between lifestyle and the risk for all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly residents in China.Methods:The data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. Baseline information about the lifestyle were collected through questionnaire survey and physical measurements, and the mortality data were obtained through surveys conducted at 2-3 year intervals. A total of 5 436 study participants were included. A comprehensive lifestyle including smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep, BMI and physical activity was constructed, and a multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the association between lifestyle and the risk for all-cause mortality.Results:During the follow-up of average 8.2 years, 695 deaths were recorded. The comprehensive lifestyle score was linearly associated with the risk for all-cause mortality. Compared with the study participants with comprehensive lifestyle score of 0-1, those with score of 2-5 all had lower risk for all-cause mortality, with HRs of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.62-0.98), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.44-0.72), 0.36 (95% CI:0.27-0.48), and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.21-0.52), respectively. The results of Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis of single lifestyle showed that compared with those with unhealthy lifestyles, the HRs of all-cause mortality for study participants who never smoked, had moderate alcohol consumption, had appropriate night sleep, maintained healthy body weight and kept active physical activity were 0.70 (95% CI: 0.57-0.84), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64-0.90), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67-0.94), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62-0.87), and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58-0.80), respectively. Conclusions:Keeping healthy lifestyles can significantly reduce the risk for all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly residents China. The higher the healthy lifestyle level, the lower the risk for all-cause mortality.

Objective:To investigate the diversity, temporal dynamics and influencing factors of serotypes of Salmonella among asymptomatic workers in Yulin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, from 2013 to 2023, and provide reference for controlling the hidden transmission of Salmonella and for disease prevention among healthy populations. Methods:Anal rectal swabs were collected from asymptomatic workers in Yulin from 2013 to 2023 for the isolation and identification of Salmonella. The diversity of serotypes of Salmonella was evaluated by using Shannon index, while the isolation rates and composition ratio of different serotypes were compared with χ2 test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of natural and social factors with serotype isolation rates for more than eight years, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the impact of social factors on the serotype isolation rates for more than 8 years. Results:A total of 8 073 strains of Salmonella were isolated from 2013 to 2023, with an overall isolation rate of 18.88‰ During the 11-year period, 135 serotypes of Salmonella were identified, and the serotype diversity increased first and then decreased. The serotype with the highest isolation rate was Salmonella Typhimurium (3.04‰), followed by Salmonella Rissen (1.70‰), Salmonella Corvallis (1.41‰), Salmonella Agona (1.36‰), Salmonella Derby (1.22‰), and Salmonella London (1.02‰), accounting for 51.67% of the total Salmonella serotypes isolated. There was no significant trend in isolation rate of Salmonella over the years ( χ2=0.67, P=0.415); however, season significantly influenced the isolation rate, with lower rate being observed in winter and higher rate in summer ( χ2=615.91, P<0.001). The isolation rate of different serotypes of Salmonella was influenced by social and natural factors, showing a positive correlation with temperature, precipitation, and poultry consumption and production levels. Conclusions:The serotypes of Salmonella carried by asymptomatic workers were complex and diverse in Yulin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, from 2013 to 2023, and the isolation rates of multi-serotypes increased from 2013 to 2023. Higher isolation rate was observed in summer and the isolation rate was widely influenced by natural factors such as temperature and precipitation, as well as social factors such as economic conditions. It is necessary to pay attention to the Salmonella serotype carriage in healthy population, and strengthen monitoring of both healthy individuals and pathogenic bacteria.

Objective To construct a home care readiness program for caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure based on the McMaster Family Functioning Model and explore its application effects.Methods The pro-gram was developed through literature analysis,expert correspondence and pre-testing.86 pairs of patients with chronic heart failure and their caregivers who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary-level hos-pital in Bengbu City were conveniently selected from December 2023 to April 2024 as the study subjects.Using the coin-flip method,the patients were randomly divided into 43 pairs in an experimental group and 43 pairs in a control group on a ward-by-ward basis.The experimental group implemented the program on the basis of routine care,and the control group was given routine care.Differences in caregiver home care readiness,caregiver caregiv-ing ability and patients' quality of life were compared between the 2 groups at the time of admission,at the time of discharge,and 1 and 3 months after discharge.Results A total of 81 pairs of patients and their caregivers completed the intervention,with 41 in the experimental group and 40 in the control group.Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that there was an interaction effect between time and group for caregiver home care readiness,caregiver caregiving ability,and patient quality of life in both groups(F=320.995,P＜0.001;F=83.303,P＜0.001;F=113.283,P＜0.001).Simple effect analyses showed that caregiver home care readiness and caregiver caregiving com-petence scores were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group at the time of discharge and at 1 and 3 months post-discharge(P＜0.001);quality of life scores of patients in the experimental group were lower than it in the control group at 1 and 3 months post-discharge(P＜0.001).Conclusion The implemen-tation of the program can effectively improve the home care readiness and caregiving ability of caregivers of pa-tients with chronic heart failure,and improve the quality of life of patients.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the skin surface temperature at the related back-shu points in the patients with the different levels of pulmonary ventilation function in chronic persistent asthma, and to explore the correlation between the skin temperature at the back-shu points and pulmonary ventilation function indexes based on "lung governing the skin and hair". METHODS: Sixty-one patients with chronic persistent asthma, based on the level of pulmonary ventilation function, were assigned into a reduced pulmonary ventilation function group (reduced function group, 32 cases) and a normal pulmonary ventilation function group (normal function group, 29 cases). In the two groups, the skin surface temperature was measured in the sites of bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23); and the pulmonary ventilation function indexes (the percentage of predicted value of forced vital capacity [FVC%pred], the percentage of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1%pred], the percentage of predicted value of FEV1/FVC [FEV1/FVC%pred] and the percentage of predicted value of the peak expiratory flow [PEF%pred]) were recorded. The correlation between the skin surface temperature of acupoints and pulmonary ventilation function was analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the normal function group, the surface skin temperature at the bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was higher in the reduced function group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the normal function group, FEV1%pred, FEV1/FVC%pred and PEF%pred were decreased in the reduced function group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in FVC%pred between the two groups (P>0.05). The skin surface temperature at the bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was negatively correlated with FVC%pred, FEV1%pred, FEV1/FVC%pred and PEF%pred in 61 patients with chronic persistent asthma (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The skin surface temperature at back-shu points is elevated in line with the the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in the patients with chronic persistent asthma, presenting a negative correlation with pulmonary ventilation function indexes. It is preliminarily verified that back-shu point is characterized by reflecting the visceral disorders.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Asthma/therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Skin Temperature ; Lung/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Points ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; Aged ; Chronic Disease/therapy* ; Young Adult ; Hair