Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in discriminating fumarate hydratase-deficient (FH-d) uterine leiomyomas (ULs) from FH-preserved ULs. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of three stages, with independent cohorts recruited for each stage: 1) sample-size estimation was retrospectively performed on UL specimens (diameter ≥3 cm; age, 20–40 years) from our database with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for 2-succinocysteine (2-SC) as the reference, without genetic testing, 2) MRS sequence optimization in confirmed FH germline mutation participants with ultrasound-detected ULs (diameter ≥3 cm), without IHC analysis, and 3) prospective diagnostic test accuracy was evaluated in consecutive participants with ultrasound-detected ULs (diameter ≥3 cm;age, 20–40 years), using IHC for 2-SC for determining the FH status and subsequent genetic testing in those with positive 2-SC results to identify whether FH mutations were germline or somatic in origin. The choline and fumarate peaks in MRS were classified as positive, negative, or technical failure (TF). TFs were analyzed separately and excluded from the primary diagnostic accuracy calculations. T1-, T2-, and diffusion-weighted images were interpreted as hyperintense or hypointense. The enhancement rate and apparent diffusion coefficient were also acquired. Diagnostic performance was compared between MRS and various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Results: The optimal MRS parameters for the fumarate peak were echo time (TE) = 140 ms and an average of 256. Among the 360 prospective participants, 37 were confirmed to have FH-dULs. MRS showed positive fumarate peaks in 35 of 37 FH-dULs.After excluding six TFs, the positive fumarate peak on MRS showed 94.6% (35/37) sensitivity, 99.7% (316/317) specificity, and 99.2% (351/354) accuracy, all of which were significantly superior to those of other MRI features (P ≤ 0.002). Conclusion A positive fumarate peak on MRS may be a useful imaging biomarker for diagnosing FH-dULs.

Diabetic cataract, a prevalent ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, arises from a complex interplay of pathological mechanisms, with oxidative stress and glycation stress playing central roles. Autophagy, a critical cellular self-protection mechanism, sustains intracellular homeostasis by selectively degrading damaged organelles and misfolded proteins, thereby counteracting the detrimental effects of oxidative and glycation stress under hyperglycemic conditions. Emerging evidence indicates a synergistic interaction between glycation stress and oxidative stress, which may exacerbate autophagic dysfunction and accelerate the onset and progression of diabetic cataract. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship remain incompletely understood. This review systematically examines the regulatory role of autophagy inthe pathogenesis of diabetic cataract, with a particular focus on how autophagic impairment influences disease progression under the combined effects of glycation and oxidative stress. By elucidating these mechanisms, the paper aims to provide novel insights into molecular diagnostic approaches and targeted therapeutic strategies for diabetic cataract.

Objective To analyze the endowment features of patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)based on circuit-qi theory,thus to provide approaches for revealing the etiology,pathogenesis and prevalence of PACG.Methods From October 2023 to March 2024,a total of 204 patients with PACG admitted to the Eye Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were enrolled into the analysis.The natal day of the patients was used for the calculation of conception day,and then the conception day was used for the analysis of the features of five circuits and six qi based on the stem-branch lunar year of conception day.A database of information of five circuits and six qi on conception day was constructed,and then the features of their endowments at conception were statistically analyzed.Results No statistically significant differences were shown in the distribution of the dominant qi,guest qi,sitian(celestial control)and zaiquan(terrestrial effect)at conception in PACG patients(P＞0.05),but there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of yearly circuit,comprehensive circuit-qi,and combined circuit-qi at conception in PACG patients(P＜0.05).Most of PACG patients had the circuit-qi features of shaomu(deficiency of wood)-yangming dryness gold-shaoyin monarch fire,and taitu(excess of earth)-shaoyin monarch fire-yangming dryness gold at conception.Conclusion Those who are conceived at the date with circuit-qi features of shaomu and taitu,comprehensive circuit-qi features of shaomu-yangming dryness gold-shaoyin monarch fire and taitu-shaoyin monarch fire-yangming dryness gold,and combined circuit-qi features of shunhua(qi generating circuit)and celestial restriction(qi restricting circuit)are vulnerability to PACG.The development of the constitution of PACG patients may be related to the congenital circuit-qi features of pathogenic dryness attacking the lung,and metal exuberance restricting wood.

Objective To investigate the application of health education based on integrated behavior change theory in life management of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)positive chronic gastritis patients.Methods A total of 1 000 patients diagnosed with Hp-positive chronic gastritis in The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University between January and December 2023 were allocated into two groups using an envelope method.The control group(n=500)received conventional nursing care.The study group(n=500)were given conventional nursing care along with health education based on integrated behavior change theory.The scores of Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),health promotion lifestyle profile-Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ),and generic quality of life inventory-74(GQOL-74)were compared between the two groups.Hp eradication rate and recurrence rate were calculated.Results After three months of intervention,the scores of CD-RISC,HPLP-Ⅱ and GQOL-74 and the eradication rate of the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the recurrence rate in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Health education based on integrated behavior change theory can enhance psychological resilience,promote the healthy lifestyle,achieve effective disease management,and ultimately improve quality of life in Hp-positive chronic gastritis patients.

Genomic imprinting refers to the phenomenon of differential expression of two alleles due to their different parental origins. Genes that produce genomic imprinting are usually called imprinted genes. The genetic effect caused by the presence of imprinted genes is called parent-of-origin effect. Parent-of-origin effect and genomic imprinting play important roles in the pathophysiological mechanism and occurrence and development of cardio-metabolic diseases. In-depth exploration of the law and potential roles of imprinted genes and parent-of-origin effects will help to better understand the mechanism of cardio-metabolic diseases, and also provide important theoretical basis for the precise treatment of diseases related to imprinted genes.

Plant-derived bioactive peptides have become a research hotspot in the fields of food and medicine due to their high source safety,easy absorption and utilization by the human body,and potential edible and medicinal value.Bioactive peptides can be classified into antihypertensive,hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,anticancer,antioxidant,antimicrobial,and anti-inflammatory peptides according to their functions.Among these,antihypertensive,hypoglycemic,and hypolipidemic peptides are collectively referred to as cardiovascular active peptides,which can be used for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases and have an important role in the development of modem biomedicine.This review focused on the preparation methods,separation,purification,and identification techniques of bioactive peptides,as well as their mechanisms of action and applications in regulating cardiovascular diseases,aiming to provide a reference for further development and application of plant-derived cardiovascular peptides.

Objective:To explore the spousal correlations of total cholesterol(TC),total triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and to investigate the reasons behind these spousal correlations.Methods:Participants and data were from the baseline survey of family-based cohort studies in Fangshan,Beijing and Tulou,Fujian.The ori-gin of spousal correlations were explored from perspectives of convergence,assortative mating,social ho-mogamy.Pearson's correlation and generalized linear models(GLM)were used to estimate the spousal correlation.Convergence was assessed by Pearson's correlation between the phenotypic differences be-tween couples and the duration of marriage,with GLM used for further validation.Pearson's correlation of genetic risk scores(GRS)and couple-specific Mendelian randomization(MR)were calculated to assess the genetic correlation and possible causal relationships between spouses.Two-independent-sample t-tests were used to compare GRS consistency across subgroups divided by education attainment,couple-specific MR and Q statistics used to test assortative mating in subgroups and intergroup differences.Results:In the study,342 couples(287 couples from Fangshan and 55 couples from Fujian)were included,with the average age of(64.91±8.76)years.Spousal correlations of TC,TG,HDL-C,and LDL-C showed statistically significant associations both before and after adjusting for covariates,with effect sizes of 0.229(95％CI:0.125-0.327),0.257(95％CI:0.155-0.354),0.179(95％CI:0.074-0.280),and 0.181(95％CI:0.076-0.282).For convergence,for each additional year of marriage,ΔTC increased by 0.016 mmol/L(95％CI:0.001-0.033 mmol/L),and ΔLDL-C increased by 0.017 mmol/L(95％CI:0.002-0.031 mmol/L).For assortative mating,GRS correlations and results of couple specific MR didn't show any statistical significance.For social homogamy,no differences in GRS or assortative mating were found between subgroups stratified by education attainment.Conclusion:The blood lipid in participants exhibit spousal phenotypic correlations,however,no effects of convergence,assortative mating or social homogamy were observed.More independent studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to further validate these findings in the future.

Traditional Chinese medicine upholds the unity of nature and humanity as its fundamental principle,asserting that man is in harmony with heaven and earth and corresponds to the sun and moon.Human life processes align with the circadian rhythms of nature,exhibiting periodic temporal changes-concepts that Western medicine defines as biological rhythms.The"opening-closing-pivot"of the three yin and three yang meridians represents the primary mode of interaction between nature and humanity.This mechanism regulates the transformation of yin and yang to qi within the body,ensuring synchronization with the circadian rhythm.Building upon this foundation,the concept of"the harmony of rhythms and states"was proposed to explain human growth and aging."Rhythms"encompass not only circadian cycles but also the movement of qi and blood,as well as the contraction rhythm of muscle fascia,among other physiological processes."States"refer to the dynamic evolution and transformation of qi during the"opening-closing-pivot"stages in both time and space."Harmony"pertains not only to the individual physiological balance of"rhythms"or"states"but also to their coherent interaction.The fundamental cause of myopia is"the disharmony of rhythms and states",considering that rhythm disorders,qi and blood disorders,and fascia imbalances contribute to this disease.Based on this understanding,myopia prevention and treatment should center on"regulating rhythms and states",with adjusting the pivot to brighten the eyes as the core therapeutic principle throughout the entire cycle of myopia.Treatment should be tailored to different disease stages and supplemented with methods such as time-based regulation,qi and blood harmonization,tendon relaxation and collateral dredging,and essence and blood nourishment to prevent and manage myopia effectively.

BACKGROUND: The proportion of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations is relatively high in China. However, these patients currently lack significant benefits from available neoadjuvant treatment options. This study aims to explore the potential application value of neoadjuvant targeted therapy by evaluating its efficacy and safety in patients with EGFR-mutant resectable lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was used to analyze the treatment effect of patients with stage IIA-IIIB EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection after receiving neoadjuvant targeted therapy from July 2019 to October 2024. RESULTS: A total of 24 patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma from three centers were included in this study. All patients successfully underwent surgery and achieved R0 resection of 100.0%. The objective response rate (ORR) was 83.3% (20/24) . The major pathologic response (MPR) rate was 37.5% (9/24), with 2 patients (8.3%) achieving pathological complete response (pCR). During neoadjuvant therapy, 13 out of 24 patients (54.2%) experienced adverse events of grade 1-2, with no occurrences of ≥ grade 3. The most common treatment-related adverse events were rash (n=4, 16.7%), mouth sores (n=2, 8.3%), and diarrhea (n=2, 8.3%). The median follow-up time was 33.0 months, no deaths occurred in all patients, and the overall survival (OS) rate was 100.0%. The 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 91.1%, and the 2-year DFS rate remained at 86.2%. CONCLUSIONS The application of neoadjuvant targeted therapy in patients with EGFR-mutant resectable lung adenocarcinoma is safe and feasible, and is expected to become a highly promising neoadjuvant treatment option for the patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma.
Humans ; ErbB Receptors/metabolism* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/surgery* ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/surgery* ; Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Mutation ; Adult

Purpose To explore the value of machine learning models based on synthetic MRI,dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI)and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)parameters in identifying molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 292 patients who underwent synthetic MRI,DCE-MRI and DWI examinations from September 2020 to September 2024 in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital before surgery and were pathologically confirmed to have breast cancer postoperatively.Patients were randomly divided into training and test sets using a ratio of 7:3.Multiple parameters were obtained from the synthetic MRI,DCE-MRI and DWI images.Variance analysis were used to screen the characteristic parameters among molecular subtype groups.Five machine learning models were established based on the selected characteristic parameters,and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to calculate the area under the curve among the molecular subtype groups.Results The support vector machine model exhibited the highest overall performance,with an area under the curve of 0.972,accuracy of 82.5％,specificity of 94.76％and sensitivity of 82.14％in the test set.This model's area under the curve values for differentiating luminal A,luminal B,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 overexpression,and triple-negative groups in the training set were 0.979,0.925,0.971 and 0.982,respectively;in the test set,the area under the curve values were 0.973,0.873,0.956 and 0.955,respectively.Conclusion Machine learning models based on multimodal MRI parameters can assist clinicians in preoperatively determining the molecular subtypes of breast cancer and the support vector machine model shows relatively high comprehensive performance.