ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of gingerol， an active component of ginger， on Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） infection， and to preliminarily explore its mechanism related to extracellular vesicles （EVs）. MethodsS.aureus infection models were established in human umbilical vein endothelial cell （HUVECs）， Vero E6 cells， and C57BL/6 mice. Experimental groups included control， infection， and gingerol-treated groups. Bacterial load and VE-cadherin protein expression were detected using immunofluorescence and Western blot. EVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. miRNA sequencing was performed on EVs. ResultsGingerol treatment significantly reduced the bacterial load in both in vitro and in vivo infection models and upregulated VE-cadherin expression. miRNA sequencing of EVs revealed that S. aureus infection upregulated the expression of hsa-miR-320c， while gingerol treatment reversed this abnormal expression. Bioinformatic analysis further predicted that the target genes of hsa-miR-320c were significantly enriched in cell junction-related pathways. ConclusionGingerol exhibits clear antibacterial and host-protective effects， by regulating hsa-miR-320c in EVs to maintain endothelial barrier integrity.

Objective To investigate the levels and influencing factors for eye lens dose of interventional radiology workers, and to provide a basis for reasonable and scientific radiation protection. Methods Thermoluminescent eye lens dosimeters were used to monitor the left and right eye lens doses of interventional radiology workers in real time during different surgical positions and varying eye protection conditions. The annual eye lens doses for the operators were estimated based on their yearly workload. The differences in eye lens doses under different conditions were analyzed and the influencing factors were identified. Results For individual interventional operations, the range of personal dose equivalent H_p(3) of the left eye of interventional radiology workers was ( < MDL ~ 418.33) μSv, the median (Q₁, Q₃) was 9.29 ( < MDL, 40.79) μSv, and the mean was 40.79 ± 70.36 μSv. The estimated annual eye lens doses were 4.05 mSv and 17.80 mSv based on the median and mean values of the eye lens dose of a single operation multiplied by average annual frequency of operations per person, respectively. The left eye lens dose was higher than the right eye lens dose of the same operator (Z = −4.24, P < 0.05), and the dose of the right eye lens was strongly positively correlated with that of the left eye lens. The left eye lens dose of the first surgeon was higher than that of the second surgeon in the same operation (Z = −3.10, P < 0.05). The eye lens dose was influenced by operator position (χ² = 9.149, P = 0.002, OR = 8.343), eye protection (χ² = 4.619, P = 0.032, OR = 4.352), and air kerma area product (χ² = 8.032, P = 0.005, OR = 5.488). Conclusion According to the results of this study, a significant portion of interventional operators have eye lens doses that approach or exceed international occupational dose limits. It is recommended to pay attention to the operation frequency of the first operator and the air kerma area product of interventional operation, and strengthen radiation protection and dose monitoring for the eye lens of interventional radiology workers.

Objective To explore the clinical application effects of artificial dermis in the repair of traumatic finger skin defects with bone exposure.Methods From January 2022 to January 2024,10 patients with fingertip skin defects and bone exposure,totaling 10 fingers,were treated.The defect areas ranged from 0.5 cm × 1.0 cm to 1.0 cm × 1.5 cm.After debridement,the wounds were covered with artificial dermis,and regular dressing changes were performed postoperatively.The artificial dermis was removed 3-4 weeks post-surgery.The wound healing,skin appearance,and sensory recovery of the fingertip were evaluated.Results All 10 fingertip wounds healed successfully,with a healing time of 3 to 4 weeks.Patients were followed up for more than 3 months,and the wound healing was satisfactory.The finger pads appeared full,the skin was smooth and flat with no obvious scarring,and the texture was soft.Skin sensory ability recovered well,with no pain or hypersensitivity,and the two-point discrimination ability reached 3 to 8 mum.According to the upper limb function evaluation standards set by the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association,the sensory recovery of all 10 fingertips achieved an S3+level,with a good to excellent rate of 100％.Conclusion The primary repair of fingertip skin defects with bone exposure using artificial dermis resulted in no donor site damage.The surgical procedure is safe and simple,and the appearance and sensory function of the fingers have recovered well,demonstrating reliable efficacy.

Objective To explore the clinical application effects of artificial dermis in the repair of traumatic finger skin defects with bone exposure.Methods From January 2022 to January 2024,10 patients with fingertip skin defects and bone exposure,totaling 10 fingers,were treated.The defect areas ranged from 0.5 cm × 1.0 cm to 1.0 cm × 1.5 cm.After debridement,the wounds were covered with artificial dermis,and regular dressing changes were performed postoperatively.The artificial dermis was removed 3-4 weeks post-surgery.The wound healing,skin appearance,and sensory recovery of the fingertip were evaluated.Results All 10 fingertip wounds healed successfully,with a healing time of 3 to 4 weeks.Patients were followed up for more than 3 months,and the wound healing was satisfactory.The finger pads appeared full,the skin was smooth and flat with no obvious scarring,and the texture was soft.Skin sensory ability recovered well,with no pain or hypersensitivity,and the two-point discrimination ability reached 3 to 8 mum.According to the upper limb function evaluation standards set by the Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association,the sensory recovery of all 10 fingertips achieved an S3+level,with a good to excellent rate of 100％.Conclusion The primary repair of fingertip skin defects with bone exposure using artificial dermis resulted in no donor site damage.The surgical procedure is safe and simple,and the appearance and sensory function of the fingers have recovered well,demonstrating reliable efficacy.

Objective:To observe the molecular mechanism of Hemoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy on vascular endothelial cells.Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups: PDT group(Hemoporfin concentration: 5 μg/ml, light fluences: 4 J/cm 2), drug group (only Hemporfin: 5 μg/ml), light group(only irradiation by 4J/cm 2 light), and blank control (no drug, no light). The cell viability and proliferation were detected by cck-8 cytotoxicity test and Brdu testafter different treatments as mentioned above. Expression levels of VEGF-A/MAPK/ERK pathway related molecules in the cells before and after photodynamic treatment were detected by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Results:Compared with the black control group, the cell viability[(0.45±0.08)vs(1.02±0.11), t=12.02, P<0.05] and cell proliferation level [(0.42±0.02)vs(1.00±0.01), t=31.20, P<0.05]were significantly decreased in PDT group.The mRNA expression levels, including Ras[(0.62±0.02)vs(1.05±0.03), t=10.35, P<0.05], c-Raf [(0.72±0.04)vs(1.00±0.05), t=7.35, P<0.05], Mek[(0.73±0.12)vs(1.15±0.04), t=7.74, P<0.05], Erk [(0.56±0.11)vs(1.02±0.03), t=5.56, P<0.05], VEGF-Α [(0.34±0.04)vs(1.02±0.07), t=7.59, P<0.05], and VEGFR2[(0.54±0.05)vs(1.00±0.03), t=5.34, P<0.05] were significantly decreased. The proteinphosphorylation level of c-Raf[(0.44±0.02)vs(1.02±0.05), t=46.7, P<0.05], Mek[(0.72±0.05)vs(1.05±0.04), t=5.35, P<0.05], Erk[(0.62±0.15)vs(1.03±0.03), t=8.58, P<0.05] and the proteinexpression level of VEGF-A[(0.64±0.03)vs(1.03±0.04), t=21.65, P<0.05] were significantly down-regulated in PDT group compared with the black control group. Compared with the blank control group, there were no significant differences expression between the drug group and the light group at cell activity, molecular proliferation level and molecular expressions. Conclusions:HMME-PDT inhibits the activity and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the expression of the VEGF-A/MAPK/ERK pathway to achieve the purpose of inhibiting vascular hyperplasia and repair.

Objective:To observe the molecular mechanism of Hemoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy on vascular endothelial cells.Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups: PDT group(Hemoporfin concentration: 5 μg/ml, light fluences: 4 J/cm 2), drug group (only Hemporfin: 5 μg/ml), light group(only irradiation by 4J/cm 2 light), and blank control (no drug, no light). The cell viability and proliferation were detected by cck-8 cytotoxicity test and Brdu testafter different treatments as mentioned above. Expression levels of VEGF-A/MAPK/ERK pathway related molecules in the cells before and after photodynamic treatment were detected by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Results:Compared with the black control group, the cell viability[(0.45±0.08)vs(1.02±0.11), t=12.02, P<0.05] and cell proliferation level [(0.42±0.02)vs(1.00±0.01), t=31.20, P<0.05]were significantly decreased in PDT group.The mRNA expression levels, including Ras[(0.62±0.02)vs(1.05±0.03), t=10.35, P<0.05], c-Raf [(0.72±0.04)vs(1.00±0.05), t=7.35, P<0.05], Mek[(0.73±0.12)vs(1.15±0.04), t=7.74, P<0.05], Erk [(0.56±0.11)vs(1.02±0.03), t=5.56, P<0.05], VEGF-Α [(0.34±0.04)vs(1.02±0.07), t=7.59, P<0.05], and VEGFR2[(0.54±0.05)vs(1.00±0.03), t=5.34, P<0.05] were significantly decreased. The proteinphosphorylation level of c-Raf[(0.44±0.02)vs(1.02±0.05), t=46.7, P<0.05], Mek[(0.72±0.05)vs(1.05±0.04), t=5.35, P<0.05], Erk[(0.62±0.15)vs(1.03±0.03), t=8.58, P<0.05] and the proteinexpression level of VEGF-A[(0.64±0.03)vs(1.03±0.04), t=21.65, P<0.05] were significantly down-regulated in PDT group compared with the black control group. Compared with the blank control group, there were no significant differences expression between the drug group and the light group at cell activity, molecular proliferation level and molecular expressions. Conclusions:HMME-PDT inhibits the activity and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the expression of the VEGF-A/MAPK/ERK pathway to achieve the purpose of inhibiting vascular hyperplasia and repair.