OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of governor vessel moxibustion on improving cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of qi deficiency of lung and kidney. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with stable COPD of qi deficiency of lung and kidney were randomized into an observation group (20 cases) and a control group (20 cases). The routine basic treatment and nursing were adopted in the control group. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment in the control group, governor vessel moxibustion was applied at the area from Dazhui (GV14) to Yaoshu (GV2) of the governor vessel, 1 hour a time, once a week. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks consecutively. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max), 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and Borg score, pulmonary function indexes (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV₁], forced vital capacity [FVC] and ratio of FEV₁ and FVC [FEV₁/FVC]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score, and TCM syndrome score were observed in the two groups before and after treatment respectively. RESULTS: After treatment, the VO₂max, 6MWT, FEV₁, FVC and FEV₁/FVC were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001, P<0.05), the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). After treatment, the Borg, CAT and TCM syndrome scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.001), the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Governor vessel moxibustion can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary fitness, clinical symptoms and the quality of life in patients with stable COPD of qi deficiency of lung and kidney.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Qi ; Lung/physiopathology* ; Kidney/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Points

Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in myopia control research through the application of diffuse optical technology(DOT)spectacle lenses. Myopia has emerged as a global public health challenge, affecting nearly half of the world's population, with childhood and adolescent myopia rates continuing to rise. DOT lenses represent an innovative myopia control intervention based on retinal contrast signal theory. These lenses incorporate micro-light scattering dots distributed across the lens surface to reduce retinal imaging contrast and modulate the influence of visual input on axial elongation, thereby slowing myopia progression. The core mechanism operates through refractive index differences between the lens substrate(1.53)and scattering dots(1.50), which generate optical scattering effects. This design maintains clear vision through a central 5 mm optical zone while effectively reducing contrast signal intensity in the peripheral retina. Large-scale randomized controlled trials, including the CYPRESS study, have demonstrated significant myopia control efficacy in children aged 6-10 years: 12-month follow-up data revealed a 74% reduction in myopia progression and a 50% reduction in axial elongation, with sustained safety and visual quality maintained over 4-year long-term follow-up. However, several aspects of DOT technology remain contentious and require further clinical validation, including its applicability across different age groups, optimal scattering dot density configurations, combined application effects with other myopia control methods, and long-term visual adaptation during extended use. This review systematically examines the theoretical foundations, design characteristics, clinical application progress, and future development directions of DOT technology, providing scientific evidence for clinical myopia prevention and control strategy formulation.

Objective:To explore the impact of noise and dust exposure in the mechanical manufacturing industry on the risk of hypertension and abnormal electrocardiogram in workers, and their combined effects, in order to provide support for the prevention and treatment of occupational related diseases among workers.Methods:In January 2024, A convenience sampling method was used to study 2802 on-the-job workers who underwent occupational health check-ups from January 2023 to December 2023 at a machinery manufacturing enterprise in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Blood pressure and electrocardiogram results were analyzed in the noise group, dust group, dust noise group and control group according to the exposure factors. For count data, the chi-square test was employed to analyze differences among groups. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was utilized to assess the impact of dust and noise exposure on the prevalence of hypertension and electrocardiogram abnormalities.Results:The stratified analysis results showed that the differences in hypertension prevalence among the four groups were statistically significant ( P<0.001) in males, age groups >30-40 years, >40-50 years, >50 years, different exposure durations, and different enterprise sizes. For ECG abnormalities, significant differences were observed among the four groups ( P<0.001) in males, the age group >30-40 years, different enterprise sizes, and those with exposure durations ≤15 years. The trend test for hypertension prevalence across different age groups revealed that as age increased, the prevalence of hypertension showed an upward trend in the noise-exposed group, dust-exposed group, and combined dust-noise-exposed group ( χ2=10.76, 4.25, 6.60, P<0.001, 0.039, 0.010) . Binary regression model analyses revealed that the the risk of hypertension in the noise group, dust group and dust noise group was 2.63 times ( OR=2.63, 95% CI: 1.89~3.67, P<0.001) , 2.36 times ( OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.76~3.16, P<0.001) and 2.69 times ( OR=2.69, 95% CI: 2.14~3.38, P<0.001) . Using ECG abnormalities as the dependent variable and incorporating the statistically significant variables from Table 1 as independent variables into the binary logistic regression model, the results showed no statistically significant differences in the risk of ECG abnormalities in the dust-exposed, noise-exposed, and combined dust-noise-exposed groups compared to the control group ( P> 0.05) . Conclusion:Combined exposure to dust and noise increases the risk of hypertension in workers and has a combined effect.

Objective:To investigate the status and influencing factors of substantial weight retention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in early postpartum.Methods:This cross-sectional study employed a convenience sampling method to select 373 patients with GDM who underwent a 6-week postpartum health check at the Postpartum Health Clinic of Women′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from February to July in 2023. According to postpartum weight retention (PPWR) on the survey day, the participants were divided into a substantial PPWR group (≥5 kg, 139 cases) and a non-substantial PPWR group (<5 kg, 234 cases). Independent sample t-tests and χ2 tests were used to compare differences in demographic data, clinical data, and biochemical indicators between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of early substantial postpartum weight retention in patients with GDM. Results:A total of 37.27% (139/373) of GDM patients experienced substantial postpartum weight retention at 6 weeks postpartum. The rates of diabetes in family history, excessive gestational weight gain, gestational hypertension, and infant neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in substantial PPWR group were all significantly higher than those in the non-substantial PPWR group (32.37% vs 23.08%, 73.38% vs 20.09%, 13.67% vs 5.56%, 21.58% vs 9.83%) (all P<0.05); but the proportion of overweight or obese before pregnancy and postpartum self-monitoring of blood glucose were both lower in the substantial PPWR group than those in the non-substantial PPWR group (25.18% vs 41.03%, 17.99% vs 27.78%)(all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression indicated that family history of diabetes ( OR=2.826, 95% CI: 1.517-5.265), excessive gestational weight gain ( OR=19.240, 95% CI: 10.360-35.732), and infant NICU admission ( OR=2.447, 95% CI: 1.150-5.205) were positively related to the occurrence of substantial weight retention in patients with GDM in early postpartum, whereas pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity ( OR=0.189, 95% CI: 0.100-0.360) was negatively correlated to substantial weight retention in patients with GDM in early postpartum (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Substantial weight retention is prevalent among GDM patients in early postpartum, which is significantly influenced by family history of diabetes, pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, excessive gestational weight gain, and infant NICU admission history.

Microbial communities such as those residing in the human gut are highly diverse and complex, and many with important implications for health and diseases. The effects and functions of these microbial communities are determined not only by their species compositions and diversities but also by the dynamic intra- and inter-cellular states at the transcriptional level. Powerful and scalable technologies capable of acquiring single-microbe-resolution RNA sequencing information in order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of complex microbial communities together with their hosts are therefore utterly needed. Here we report the development and utilization of a droplet-based smRNA-seq (single-microbe RNA sequencing) method capable of identifying large species varieties in human samples, which we name smRandom-seq2. Together with a triple-module computational pipeline designed for the bacteria and bacteriophage sequencing data by smRandom-seq2 in four human gut samples, we established a single-cell level bacterial transcriptional landscape of human gut microbiome, which included 29,742 single microbes and 329 unique species. Distinct adaptive response states among species in Prevotella and Roseburia genera and intrinsic adaptive strategy heterogeneity in Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens were uncovered. Additionally, we identified hundreds of novel host-phage transcriptional activity associations in the human gut microbiome. Our results indicated that smRandom-seq2 is a high-throughput and high-resolution smRNA-seq technique that is highly adaptable to complex microbial communities in real-world situations and promises new perspectives in the understanding of human microbiomes.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; Bacteriophages/physiology* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods* ; Bacteria/virology*

AIM:To evaluate the effects of liposo-mal bupivacaine for interscalene brachial plexus block on postoperative analgesia and diaphragmat-ic function in patients undergoing arthroscopic ro-tator cuff repair surgery based on a randomized controlled trial.METHODS:Forty patients who scheduled to undergo arthroscopic rotator cuff re-pair surgery,regardless of gender,aged 18 to 65 years,ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ were selected from October 2023 to February 2024.The patients were random-ly divided into bupivacaine liposome group(group LB)and the levobupivacaine group(group BV),with 20 cases in each group.Patients in both groups re-ceived an ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block,15 mL mixed liquids(bupivacaine lipo-some 10 mL+0.5％levobupivacaine 10 mL)were in-jected into the level of C5-C6 nerve roots and 5 mL onto the surface of prevertebral fascia in the LB group,and same volume of 0.375％levobupiva-caine were injected at the same sites in the BV group respectively.Standardized general anesthe-sia and standardized postoperative analgesia were followed.The primary outcome measures included 48 h rest/motor numerical rating scale(NRS)scores after surgery and the incidence of hemidiaphrag-matic paralysis(HDP)after block.The secondary outcome measures included rest/motor NRS scores at other time points after surgery,pulse oxygen sat-uration(SpO2)30 min after block,duration of sen-sory and motor block,number of analgesic pump presses,time of first postoperative used of opioid drugs and opioid consumption,use of additional analgesics in the wards,satisfaction with analgesia,and the occurrence of perioperative adverse ef-fects and neurological complications.RESULTS:Compared with group BV,patients in LB group showed lower rest NRS scores at 48 h postopera-tion(P＜0.05)and higher incidence of HDP at 24 h after block(45％vs.5.3％,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in motor NRS scores at 48 h,HDP incidence at 30 min and 6 h after block between the two groups(P＞0.05).Both groups showed a decrease in SpO2 after block com-pared to before block(P＜0.05).Compared with BV group,patients in LB group had a significantly lon-ger duration of sensory and motor block(P＜0.01),fewer effective presses with the analgesic pump(P＜0.01),delay in first opioid use and less opioid con-sumption(P＜0.05),higher level of satisfaction with analgesia(P＜0.01),and a lower rate of use of addi-tional analgesics in the ward(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the total in-traoperative remifentanil consumption,incidence of perioperative adverse reactions and neurological complication between the two groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Compared with using levobupiva-caine alone,the addition of liposomal bupivacaine for interscalene brachial plexus block in arthroscop-ic rotator cuff repair can reduce postoperative NRS scores,decrease postoperative opioid dosage and significantly prolong blockduration,but can easily lead to longer duration of HDP in patients.

Objective To explore the effects of camellia honey on intestinal inflammation and injury induced by a high-fat diet(HFD)in Drosophila.Methods A HFD model group of fruit flies was created by feeding with standard culture medium containing 30％lard.Each camellia honey groups were fed the same high-fat medium containing different concentrations of camellia honey.The body mass,eclosion rate,climbing ability,size of lipid droplets,and levels of intestinal reactive oxygen species in adult flies were measured and analyzed.Results Compared with the model group,each camellia honey groups showed significant improvements.Specifically,camellia honey ameliorated the following HFD-induced alterations:decline in eclosion rate,increase in pupal volume,increase in adult average body mass,decrease in adult climbing ability,enlargement of the lipid droplet area,elevation in intestinal ROS levels,and intestinal damage.Conclusions Camellia honey improved the growth and development,intestinal inflammation,and injury induced by a HFD in Drosophila.

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of psychological flexibility between recurrence risk perception and health behavior in stroke patients.Methods:From July to December 2024, 233 stroke patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected using convenience sampling. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect patients' general information, perception of stroke recurrence risk, health behavior, and psychological flexibility.Results:The scores for recurrence risk perception, psychological flexibility, and health behavior of 233 stroke patients were (39.75±4.39), (47.45±4.19), and (54.04±3.78), respectively. Health behavior were positively correlated with recurrence risk perception ( r=0.495, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with psychological flexibility ( r=-0.367, P<0.01). Psychological flexibility partially mediated the relationship between recurrence risk perception and health behavior, with an effect value of 0.080 and an effect proportion of 17.5% (0.080/0.458) . Conclusions:Recurrence risk perception not only directly predicts health behavior in stroke patients but also indirectly influences their health behavior through psychological flexibility. Healthcare providers should enhance recurrence risk perception among stroke patients and incorporate the improvement of psychological flexibility as part of intervention strategies to improve patients' health behavior.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of Sanhua essential oil inhalation as aromatherapy in patients with breast cancer-related depression.MethodsIn total, 144 patients with breast cancer-related depression who underwent postoperative chemotherapy were recruited. The participants in the control group (n = 52) were offered a placebo (sunflower oil) daily, whereas those in the essential oil group (n = 52) were administered Sanhua essential oil. This study evaluated depression improvement, Hamilton Depression Scale score, scores of symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and signal changes on functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsDepression improved by 48.1% and 21.2% in the essential oil and control groups, respectively (P = .010). The Hamilton Depression Scale score (P = .017), scores for symptoms in TCM (P = .002), and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the acute and delayed phases were lower in the essential oil group than in the control group (nausea in the acute phase, P = .017; nausea in the delayed phase, P = .039; vomiting in the acute phase, P = .008; vomiting in the delayed phase, P = .081). The Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score was lower in the essential oil group than in the control group (P = .005). Significant differences existed between the two groups in the left superior parietal gyrus, right precuneus, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and right precentral gyrus according to functional connectivity on functional magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionInhalation of Sanhua essential oil alleviated depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer, improved sleep quality, relieved TCM symptoms, reduced nausea and vomiting, and regulated activities in the brain regions.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of postnatal cytomegalovirus (pCMV) infection in very preterm infants or very low birth weight infants.Methods:This was a case-control study. A total of 50 very preterm or very low birth weight infants who were hospitalized and diagnosed with pCMV infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2019 to June 2024, were enrolled as the pCMV group. Meanwhile, through propensity score matching, each infant in the pCMV group was paired with a very preterm or very low birth weight infant without cytomegalovirus infection during the same period, constituting the control group, also consisting of 50 cases. Subsequently, the pCMV group was divided into a treated subgroup and an untreated subgroup according to antiviral treatment. Clinical data of all enrolled infants, including clinical features, laboratory test results, and clinical outcomes were collected. Differences in relevant parameters were analyzed using with χ2 test or continuity-corrected χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test, independent-samples t test, Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate. Logistic regression was employed to analyze the risk factors, and Spearman correlation analysis was applied for non-normal distribution data or ordinal data. Results:There were no significant differences between the pCMV group and the control group in terms of gestational age, birth weight, proportion of male infants, Apgar score at the 1 st minute and 5 th minute and days of breastfeeding during the first 3 weeks of life (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the duration of hospital stay and invasive mechanical ventilation were both longer in the pCMV group (both P<0.05). The risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, and hearing impairment were all higher in the pCMV group when compared with the control group(all P<0.05). The body weight and body length of the infants in the pCMV group were both lower than those of in the control group at the corrected gestational age of 36 weeks (both P<0.05). pCMV infections were associated with the increased incidence of both necrotizing enterocolitis ( OR=11.50, 95% CI 1.94-68.30, P=0.007) and severe intraventricular hemorrhage ( OR=6.82, 95% CI 1.19-38.97, P=0.031) in very preterm infants or very low birth weight infants. In the treated group, the platelet count was significantly improved after 6-8 weeks of antiviral treatment compared with that before treatment ((245±19)×10 9/L vs. (119±14)×10 9/L, t=5.37, P<0.001). Conclusions:Very preterm infants or very low birth weight infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection have longer hospital stay and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, and are highly susceptible to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, hearing impairment, and growth restriction. Antiviral treatment can effectively ameliorate thrombocytopenia in these infants.