Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular disease,whose early manifestations are vascular intimal hyperplasia and plaque formation,and the late vascular events can be caused by plaque rupture after erosion.In the process of ather-osclerosis,vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)in the arterial media play a key role in vascular remodeling,and their phe-notype conversion has an important impact on maintaining vascular homeostasis.Due to methodological limitations,the previous understanding of VSMC function is limited;With the rapid development of lineage tracing and single-cell sequen-cing technology,the role of VSMC in atherosclerosis has been deeply explored in recent years.This paper summarizes the emerging research methods of VSMC in recent years,and reviews the literature on the roles and mechanisms of phenotypic switching of VSMC in vascular remodeling.

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors for cognitive frailty among the elderly in community, so as to provide the evidence for early identification and prevention of cognitive frailty among the elderly. Methods: Residents aged 60 years and above with local household registration from 11 counties (cities, districts) in Zhejiang Province from 2021 to 2023 were selected as study participants using a multistage random sampling method. Demographic information, lifestyle, and health status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Cognitive frailty was evaluated using the FRAIL Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Factors affecting cognitive frailty among the elderly in community were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 16 613 individuals were surveyed, including 7 465 males (44.93%) and 9 148 females (55.07%). The average age was (70.97±7.29) years. A total of 784 individuals were detected with depressive symptoms, with a detection rate of 4.72%. A total of 724 individuals were detected with cognitive frailty, with a detection rate of 4.36%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that females (OR=1.419, 95%CI: 1.179-1.708), aged ≥70 years (70-<80 years old, OR=1.869, 95%CI: 1.490-2.345; ≥80 years old, OR=5.017, 95%CI: 3.935-6.398), without a spouse (OR=1.495, 95%CI: 1.234-1.810), sedentary (OR=2.420, 95%CI: 1.829-3.202), chronic diseases (1 type, OR=1.456, 95%CI: 1.175-1.804; ≥2 types, OR=1.639, 95%CI: 1.314-2.045), and depressive symptoms (OR=4.191, 95%CI: 3.361-5.225) were associated with a higher risk of cognitive frailty among the elderly in community. Conversely, a lower risk of cognitive frailty was seen among the elderly in community who had primary school or above (primary school, OR=0.512, 95%CI: 0.389-0.676; junior high school or above, OR=0.464, 95%CI: 0.354-0.608), engaged in physical exercise (OR=0.396, 95%CI: 0.291-0.539), and were reported average or good self-rated health status (average, OR=0.641, 95%CI: 0.475-0.866; good, OR=0.150, 95%CI: 0.109-0.208). Conclusions The detection rate of cognitive frailty among the elderly in community is relatively low and is influenced by demographic factors such as gender, age, education level, as well as lifestyle like sedentary and physical exercise, and health status. It is recommended to reduce the risk of cognitive frailty among the elderly through multidimensional interventions, including health education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and enhanced mental health support.

Objective:To explore latent categories of death literacy among oncology nurses and analyze their influencing factors to inform the development of targeted interventions.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 560 oncology nurses from three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, from June to July 2024 for the study. General Information Questionnaire, Death Literacy Index, Self-Competence in Death Work Scale, and Hospice Care Environment Scale were used to conduct the survey. Oncology nurses' death literacy categories were explored using latent profile analysis, and factors influencing each category were explored using unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis.Results:The 560 oncology nurses' death literacy were categorized into three profiles of low-level death literacy group (31.8%), medium-level death literacy group (50.7%), and high-level death literacy group (17.5%). Unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis showed that receiving death education and training since work, self-assessment of psychological status, self-competence in death work, and evaluation of the hospice care environment were influencing factors in the latent category of death literacy among oncology nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is group heterogeneity in death literacy among oncology nurses, which is influenced by a variety of factors. Nursing managers can provide targeted interventions for oncology nurses based on different latent categories to improve their death literacy.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular disease,whose early manifestations are vascular intimal hyperplasia and plaque formation,and the late vascular events can be caused by plaque rupture after erosion.In the process of ather-osclerosis,vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)in the arterial media play a key role in vascular remodeling,and their phe-notype conversion has an important impact on maintaining vascular homeostasis.Due to methodological limitations,the previous understanding of VSMC function is limited;With the rapid development of lineage tracing and single-cell sequen-cing technology,the role of VSMC in atherosclerosis has been deeply explored in recent years.This paper summarizes the emerging research methods of VSMC in recent years,and reviews the literature on the roles and mechanisms of phenotypic switching of VSMC in vascular remodeling.

Objective:To explore latent categories of death literacy among oncology nurses and analyze their influencing factors to inform the development of targeted interventions.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 560 oncology nurses from three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, from June to July 2024 for the study. General Information Questionnaire, Death Literacy Index, Self-Competence in Death Work Scale, and Hospice Care Environment Scale were used to conduct the survey. Oncology nurses' death literacy categories were explored using latent profile analysis, and factors influencing each category were explored using unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis.Results:The 560 oncology nurses' death literacy were categorized into three profiles of low-level death literacy group (31.8%), medium-level death literacy group (50.7%), and high-level death literacy group (17.5%). Unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis showed that receiving death education and training since work, self-assessment of psychological status, self-competence in death work, and evaluation of the hospice care environment were influencing factors in the latent category of death literacy among oncology nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is group heterogeneity in death literacy among oncology nurses, which is influenced by a variety of factors. Nursing managers can provide targeted interventions for oncology nurses based on different latent categories to improve their death literacy.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans ( DFSP ) is very rare in clinic, and its diagnosis is not specific. According to the literature domestic and abroad, only 18 cases of patients during gestation period suffered from DFSP have been reported. This paper reported a case from the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in April 2022 diagnosed with DFSP during pregnancy.The DFSP showed rapid growth and pain during pregnancy, and stopped rapid growth after delivery. Extensive local resection was performed and the incision margin exceeded 3 cm diameter of the tumor. One-stage skin graft was used to repair the defect. HE staining showed a single spindle cell, arranged in a vortex, with large and dark nuclei. Some nuclei were heteromorphic, and few mitotic figures were observed. Postoperative pathology showed negative margins and basement. Immunohistochemistry showed CD34 (+ + ), Ki-67 (+, 10% ), bcl-2 (-), s-100 (-), SMA (-), CD163 (-), CD68 (-), which were consistent with the diagnosis of DFSP. The pathogenesis of DFSP is not yet clear. As a special population, patients during gestation period need special treatment and diagnosis. Through literature review, this paper summarizes the reports domestic and abroad, and discusses the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with DFSP during pregnancy.

The implant-supported prosthesis has gradually become the preferred treatment for patients with partial edentulous or complete edentulous. Causes for the implant failure have been discussed in the majority of studies conducted in recent years, while their risk factors are still controversial. Patient factors (gender, age, smoking, osteoporosis, diabetes, medication, periodontitis and bruxism), clinical parameters (implant area, bone quality, implant size) and doctor factors (surgical-related factors, prosthesis-related factors) will all affect implant failure. This article presents typical clinical cases and reviews the potential risk factors for dental implant failure, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans ( DFSP ) is very rare in clinic, and its diagnosis is not specific. According to the literature domestic and abroad, only 18 cases of patients during gestation period suffered from DFSP have been reported. This paper reported a case from the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in April 2022 diagnosed with DFSP during pregnancy.The DFSP showed rapid growth and pain during pregnancy, and stopped rapid growth after delivery. Extensive local resection was performed and the incision margin exceeded 3 cm diameter of the tumor. One-stage skin graft was used to repair the defect. HE staining showed a single spindle cell, arranged in a vortex, with large and dark nuclei. Some nuclei were heteromorphic, and few mitotic figures were observed. Postoperative pathology showed negative margins and basement. Immunohistochemistry showed CD34 (+ + ), Ki-67 (+, 10% ), bcl-2 (-), s-100 (-), SMA (-), CD163 (-), CD68 (-), which were consistent with the diagnosis of DFSP. The pathogenesis of DFSP is not yet clear. As a special population, patients during gestation period need special treatment and diagnosis. Through literature review, this paper summarizes the reports domestic and abroad, and discusses the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with DFSP during pregnancy.

Many people affected by fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorders have sensory processing deficits, such as hypersensitivity to auditory, tactile, and visual stimuli. Like FXS in humans, loss of Fmr1 in rodents also cause sensory, behavioral, and cognitive deficits. However, the neural mechanisms underlying sensory impairment, especially vision impairment, remain unclear. It remains elusive whether the visual processing deficits originate from corrupted inputs, impaired perception in the primary sensory cortex, or altered integration in the higher cortex, and there is no effective treatment. In this study, we used a genetic knockout mouse model (Fmr1^KO), in vivo imaging, and behavioral measurements to show that the loss of Fmr1 impaired signal processing in the primary visual cortex (V1). Specifically, Fmr1^KO mice showed enhanced responses to low-intensity stimuli but normal responses to high-intensity stimuli. This abnormality was accompanied by enhancements in local network connectivity in V1 microcircuits and increased dendritic complexity of V1 neurons. These effects were ameliorated by the acute application of GABA_A receptor activators, which enhanced the activity of inhibitory neurons, or by reintroducing Fmr1 gene expression in knockout V1 neurons in both juvenile and young-adult mice. Overall, V1 plays an important role in the visual abnormalities of Fmr1^KO mice and it could be possible to rescue the sensory disturbances in developed FXS and autism patients.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/metabolism* ; Fragile X Syndrome/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/metabolism*

OBJECT IVE To develop a rapid health technology assessment （rHTA）methodology of drugs based on evidence integration and value judgment ，which is suitable for China ’s national conditions. METHODS The literature review was adopted to study health technology assessment （HTA）and multi-criteria decision analysis （MCDA），and then rHTA method based on China ’s condition was formulated preliminarily with anti-tumor drugs ；the method of rHTA was demonstrated by expert consultation ； finally，the feasibility of rHTA was preliminarily verified taking the drugs for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer as an example. RESULTS Established rHTA method combined the theory and principles of HTA and MCDA ：HTA method was used to guide the collection and synthesis of literature and real-world evidence ，while MCDA made the value measurements of achievable evidences by various stakeholders from different views ；it established the working process ，evaluation dimensions ，evaluation indicators and scoring system of rHTA. The feasibility of this method was verified by the drug example of treating non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS A set of drug-driven rHTA methodology guidance based on HTA and MCDA is established. It can quickly collect and integrate evidence ，and provide evidence support for decision makers in a short time.