Objective To investigate the value of gemstone spectral CT multiparameter for risk assessment in acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods A total of 83 patients diagnosed with APE were categorized into three groups based on the European Society of Cardiology(ESC)guidelines:high-risk group(n=23),medium-high-risk group(n=29),and medium-low-risk group(n=31).The spectral CT multiparameters for each group were subsequently analyzed and compared.The predictive value of the region of interest perfusion defect iodine group value(ROI vPD),whole lung mean perfusion iodine group value(vMeanIP),and lung perfusion defect volume ratio(rPDvol)in high-risk APE patients were assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Pearson correlation was employed to analyze the correlation of gemstone spectral CT multiparameter with pulmonary artery obstruction index(PAOI)and right ventricle/left ventricle diameter ratio(rRVD/LVD).Results Whole lung minimum perfusion iodine group value(vMinIP),whole lung maximum perfusion iodine group value(vMaxIP),vMeanIP,rPDvol and right ventricle/left ventricle volume ratio(rRVV/LVV)exhibited significant differences across all groups.The area under the curve(AUC)for ROI vPD,vMeanIP,and rPDvol in high-risk APE patients were 0.792,0.831,and 0.884,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity for ROI vPD(≤0.3),vMeanIP(≤1.1),and rPDvol(≥23.7％)were recorded at 95.7％and 60.0％,78.3％and 75.0％,as well as 91.3％and 75.0％,respectively.Simultaneously,the gemstone spectral CT multiparameter exhibited correlations with PAOI and rRVD/LVD.Conclusion The gemstone spectral CT multiparameter can be utilized to evaluate the severity and progression of patients with APE.

Objective:To explore the distribution and clearance of 99mTc labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(99mTc-DTPA)in different brain regions of adult rats after administration through brain extracellular space(ECS)pathway.Methods:After the injection of a volume of 2 μL and radioactive activity of about 3.7 MBq(100 μCi)of 99mTc-DTPA into the caudate nucleus and thalamus of SD rats through stereotactic positioning of rat brain,the single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography(SPECT/CT)for small animals was used for imaging at different time points,and the dyna-mic distribution and clearance of the tracer in the whole body were observed continuously.The SD rats were injected with 99mTc-DTPA into thalamus and caudate nucleus respectively for biological distribution in vivo.They were put to death 4 h later.Their blood and urine were collected.The brain,cerebellum,heart,liver,spleen,lung,and kidney were taken and weighed by γ counter to measure its radioactivity.Results:SPECT/CT imaging results showed that after 99mTc-DTPA was administered through brain ECS,the radioactivity was concentrated in the brain,kidney and bladder.The tracer administered to the left caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the right cerebellum,while the tracer administered to the right caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the left cerebellum.There was a phenomenon of"con-tralateral cerebellar dominant drainage"in the caudate nucleus.The thalamic area preferentially drained to the ipsilateral cerebellum after administration.Four hours after administration via ECS,high radioac-tive uptake appeared in urine,cerebellum and brain,followed by blood and kidney.The radioactive up-take values of heart,liver,spleen and lung were low,which were mainly excreted through urinary sys-tem.Conclusion:Intracerebral ECS administration is a promising method of administration,but there are significant differences in distribution and clearance in different brain regions.This study further ex-pands the content and significance of"ECS regions",and also provides an important theoretical founda-tion for the treatment of encephalopathy and the research of new drugs through brain ECS in the future.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of changes in the estrogen receptor alpha 36(ER-α36)expression on the proliferation and membrane-initiated estrogen signaling in glioblastoma U251 cells.Methods The expression and localization of ER-α36 and EGFR glioblastoma U87 cells and U251 cells were determined by immunofluorescence,qRT-PCR and Western blot.The effect of upregulating ER-α 36 on U251 cell proliferation and estrogen signaling pathway activity by low con-centrations of 100 pmol/L icariin isomer(SNG162)was detected by MTT assay and Western blot.Results ER-α36 and EGFR were co-expressed in the cell membrane of glioblastoma.Compared with DMSO(control group),the expression ER-α36(P<0.01)and EG-FR increased in U251 cells treated with SNG162(P<0.05);Further experments also found that low concentrations of SNG162 in-creased the expression of cycle related proteins-cyclin D1,cyclin B,cyclin E and CDK4(P<0.01),and enhanced the proliferative a-bility of U251 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion The low concentration of SNG162 upregulates the expression of ER-α36,activates the estrogen-mediated ERK1/2 MAPK,p38 MAPK,and EGFR/Src signaling pathways,promotes glioblastoma proliferation,and activates the membrane initialized estrogen signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize a glycosyltransferase (RpUGT1) from Rheum palmatum and investigate its specificity toward flavonoid compounds. METHODS: The RpUGT1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and screened for catalytic activity against a range of flavonoid substrates using a high-throughput HPLC assay method. Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to determine the structure of the product. Homology modeling, molecular docking analyses and site-directed mutagenesis studies were conducted to identify key residues responsible for its function. RESULTS: The recombinant RpUGT1 protein exhibited catalytic activity towards various flavonoids. Notably, RpUGT1 catalyzed the glycosylation of isorhamnetin to form 3-O-glucoside and kaempferol to form 7-O-glucoside, utilizing uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucose as the sugar donor. The homology modeling and molecular docking analyses identified key residues responsible for its activity. Subsequent site-directed mutagenesis studies highlighted the crucial role of K307 in catalysis. CONCLUSION These discoveries offer valuable perspectives on the role of the UGT family and establish a groundwork for forthcoming research on the synthesis of flavonoids in plants.

Objective To investigate the value of gemstone spectral CT multiparameter for risk assessment in acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods A total of 83 patients diagnosed with APE were categorized into three groups based on the European Society of Cardiology(ESC)guidelines:high-risk group(n=23),medium-high-risk group(n=29),and medium-low-risk group(n=31).The spectral CT multiparameters for each group were subsequently analyzed and compared.The predictive value of the region of interest perfusion defect iodine group value(ROI vPD),whole lung mean perfusion iodine group value(vMeanIP),and lung perfusion defect volume ratio(rPDvol)in high-risk APE patients were assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Pearson correlation was employed to analyze the correlation of gemstone spectral CT multiparameter with pulmonary artery obstruction index(PAOI)and right ventricle/left ventricle diameter ratio(rRVD/LVD).Results Whole lung minimum perfusion iodine group value(vMinIP),whole lung maximum perfusion iodine group value(vMaxIP),vMeanIP,rPDvol and right ventricle/left ventricle volume ratio(rRVV/LVV)exhibited significant differences across all groups.The area under the curve(AUC)for ROI vPD,vMeanIP,and rPDvol in high-risk APE patients were 0.792,0.831,and 0.884,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity for ROI vPD(≤0.3),vMeanIP(≤1.1),and rPDvol(≥23.7％)were recorded at 95.7％and 60.0％,78.3％and 75.0％,as well as 91.3％and 75.0％,respectively.Simultaneously,the gemstone spectral CT multiparameter exhibited correlations with PAOI and rRVD/LVD.Conclusion The gemstone spectral CT multiparameter can be utilized to evaluate the severity and progression of patients with APE.

Objective:To explore the distribution and clearance of 99mTc labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(99mTc-DTPA)in different brain regions of adult rats after administration through brain extracellular space(ECS)pathway.Methods:After the injection of a volume of 2 μL and radioactive activity of about 3.7 MBq(100 μCi)of 99mTc-DTPA into the caudate nucleus and thalamus of SD rats through stereotactic positioning of rat brain,the single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography(SPECT/CT)for small animals was used for imaging at different time points,and the dyna-mic distribution and clearance of the tracer in the whole body were observed continuously.The SD rats were injected with 99mTc-DTPA into thalamus and caudate nucleus respectively for biological distribution in vivo.They were put to death 4 h later.Their blood and urine were collected.The brain,cerebellum,heart,liver,spleen,lung,and kidney were taken and weighed by γ counter to measure its radioactivity.Results:SPECT/CT imaging results showed that after 99mTc-DTPA was administered through brain ECS,the radioactivity was concentrated in the brain,kidney and bladder.The tracer administered to the left caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the right cerebellum,while the tracer administered to the right caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the left cerebellum.There was a phenomenon of"con-tralateral cerebellar dominant drainage"in the caudate nucleus.The thalamic area preferentially drained to the ipsilateral cerebellum after administration.Four hours after administration via ECS,high radioac-tive uptake appeared in urine,cerebellum and brain,followed by blood and kidney.The radioactive up-take values of heart,liver,spleen and lung were low,which were mainly excreted through urinary sys-tem.Conclusion:Intracerebral ECS administration is a promising method of administration,but there are significant differences in distribution and clearance in different brain regions.This study further ex-pands the content and significance of"ECS regions",and also provides an important theoretical founda-tion for the treatment of encephalopathy and the research of new drugs through brain ECS in the future.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of changes in the estrogen receptor alpha 36(ER-α36)expression on the proliferation and membrane-initiated estrogen signaling in glioblastoma U251 cells.Methods The expression and localization of ER-α36 and EGFR glioblastoma U87 cells and U251 cells were determined by immunofluorescence,qRT-PCR and Western blot.The effect of upregulating ER-α 36 on U251 cell proliferation and estrogen signaling pathway activity by low con-centrations of 100 pmol/L icariin isomer(SNG162)was detected by MTT assay and Western blot.Results ER-α36 and EGFR were co-expressed in the cell membrane of glioblastoma.Compared with DMSO(control group),the expression ER-α36(P<0.01)and EG-FR increased in U251 cells treated with SNG162(P<0.05);Further experments also found that low concentrations of SNG162 in-creased the expression of cycle related proteins-cyclin D1,cyclin B,cyclin E and CDK4(P<0.01),and enhanced the proliferative a-bility of U251 cells(P<0.05).Conclusion The low concentration of SNG162 upregulates the expression of ER-α36,activates the estrogen-mediated ERK1/2 MAPK,p38 MAPK,and EGFR/Src signaling pathways,promotes glioblastoma proliferation,and activates the membrane initialized estrogen signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the value of shear wave elastography(SWE)in the early assessment of hepatic and renal fibrosis in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).Methods A total of 52 MAFLD patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from July 2023 to May 2024 were selected as MAFLD group,and 40 non-MAFLD patients treated during the same period were served as control group.General information,laboratory data and ultrasound data were collected and compared between two groups.The differences as well as the correlation of the indicators between two groups were compared.The value of SWE in hepatic fibrosis and renal fibrosis in MAFLD patients was assessed.Results Liver function indicators,uric acid and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)in MAFLD group were higher than those in control group(P＜0.01);There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in fibrosis 4 index,estimated glomerular filtration rate,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen(P＞0.05).The brightness of the liver,liver-kidney ratio,and liver elasticity value were higher in MAFLD group than those in control group(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in the elasticity value of the right renal cortex between two groups(P＞0.05).Liver elasticity values was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase(ALT);The liver-kidney ratio was positively correlated with body mass index(BMI),ALT,aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,y-glutamyl transferase and APRI.No significant correlation was found between the right renal cortex elasticity and BMI,estimated glomerular filtration rate,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,or serum uric acid.Conclusion SWE helps in early identification of liver hardness in the MAFLD patients.But the application of SWE in early renal fibrosis in the MAFLD patients needs further evaluation.

Objective:To investigate the pathogeny, diagnosis and treatment of solitary fibrous tumors of the abdomen and pelvis.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 12 SFT patients undergoing surgical resection in Peking University International Hospital from Jul 2015 to Jul 2019.Results:All patients underwent radical resection. After operation, complications in clued pelvic hemorrhage in 1 case and ureteral fistula in 1 case, all improved after conservative treatment.According to pathological and immunohistochemical results, 7 cases were MSFT and 5 cases were SFT. All patients were followed up for 2-53 months. 5 cases were recurrent, among which 1 case died of intestinal obstruction caused by tumor compression.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of solitary fibrous tumors are mostly nonspecific.Imaging examination and puncture pathology are of great significance for preoperative diagnosis. Radical resection is an important means to improve the prognosis of patients.