Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss, with few effective treatments currently available. The multifactorial nature of AD, shaped by genetic, environmental, and biological factors, complicates both research and clinical management. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics technologies provide new opportunities to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of AD and identify early biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. AI-driven approaches such as machine learning, deep learning, and network-based models have enabled the integration of large-scale genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and microbiomic datasets. These efforts have facilitated the discovery of novel molecular signatures and therapeutic targets. Methods including deep belief networks and joint deep semi-non-negative matrix factorization have contributed to improvements in disease classification and patient stratification. However, ongoing challenges remain. These include data heterogeneity, limited interpretability of complex models, a lack of large and diverse datasets, and insufficient clinical validation. The absence of standardized multi-omics data processing methods further restricts progress. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in AI-driven multi-omics research in AD, highlighting achievements in early diagnosis and biomarker discovery while discussing limitations and future directions needed to advance these approaches toward clinical application.

Objective:To discuss the clinical characteristics of the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)complicated with microcirculatory dysfunction(CMD),and to analyze the impact of concurrent CMD on the prognosis of the HCM patients.Methods:A total of 211 patients diagnosed with HCM and having complete cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(CMR)examination results from January 1,2019 to September 30,2023 were collected.They were divided into HCM complicated with CMD group(68 cases)and HCM complicated without CMD group(143 cases)based on CMR assessment.The clinical data such as age,gender,admission symptoms,and past medical history,blood test data such as troponin,electrocardiogram,echocardiography,and CMR data including abnormal Q wave,ST segment depression,inverted T wave,PR interval,QRS wavelength,corrected QT interval,ejection fraction(EF),left atrial diameter(LAD),left and right ventricular end-diastolic diameters,cardiac output,E peak,A peak,and maximum wall thickness(MWT)of the patients were compared between two groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the clinical characteristics of the HCM patients complicated with CMD;multivariate modified Poisson regression was used to analyze the risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in the HCM patients.Results:Compared with HCM complicated without CMD group,the percentage of palpitation patients in HCM complicated with CMD group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the percentage of tachycardia episode patients was significantly increased(P<0.05),the troponin level was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the percentage with a history of hypertension patients was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with HCM complicated without CMD group,the percentage of abnormal Q wave on electrocardiogram in the patients in HCM complicated with CMD group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the percentage of inverted T wave and the EF of the patients was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the LAD was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the MWT was significantly increased(P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that increased LAD(OR=1.05,95％CI:1.00-1.11,P=0.048)and increased MWT(OR=1.11,95％CI:1.03-1.19,P=0.007)were the risk factors for concurrent CMD in the HCM patients;history of hypertension(OR=0.40,95％CI:0.20-0.80,P=0.010)was a protective factor for concurrent CMD in the HCM patients.The average follow-up time in this study was 20.5 months.A total of 27 patients experienced MACE,with an overall incidence of 12.80％,including 12 patients in HCM complicated with CMD group and 15 patients in HCM complicated without CMD group.The multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis results showed that history of diabetes(RR=2.34,95％CI:1.09-5.06,P=0.030),history of arrhythmia(RR)=4.00,95％CI:1.82-8.83,P=0.001),and decreased ejection fraction(RR=0.96,95％CI:0.94-0.99,P=0.001)were risk factors for MACE in the HCM patients.Conclusion:The HCM patients complicated with CMD have unique clinical characteristics,including higher symptom burden,left atrial enlargement,myocardial hypertrophy,and increased troponin levels.Concurrent CMD does not increase the short-term risk of adverse events;diabetes,arrhythmia,and decreased EF are key risk factors for prognosis;early intervention and complication management for HCM complicated with CMD patients may improve the long-term prognosis of the HCM patients.

OBJECTIVE：To comprehensi vely evaluate the application progress of network pharmacology methods in TCM compound prescription research ，and to provide reference for modernization of TCM compound prescription research. METHODS ： Taking“network pharmacology ”and“TCM compound prescription ”as keywords ，the literatures were retrieved from CNKI ， Wanfang database and VIP during May 2006 to May 2020. Screening literature ，the databases ，analysis platforms ，and software used of the literature were summarized ；on the basis of quantitative analysis ，the application of network pharmacology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine compound were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：There were a total of 761 valid literatures ，among which the number of literatures that could be retrieved in 2019 reached 313. In the modernization research of TCM compound prescription ，network pharmacology methods were mainly usedmechanism ，material basis of pharmacodynamics ， compatibility law ，compound optimization ，and“effect-toxic”network. Commonly used databasesand platforms included traditional chinese medicine information database （TCMSP and TCMID ），therapeutic target database （TTD，OMIM），drug targets and target prediction platform （Drugbank，SwissTargetPrediction，TargetNet，PharmMapper），network pharmacology analysis and prediction software and platform （CytoScape），etc. Network pharmacology method was widely used in the field of TCM compound prescription research ，and provided new ideas and methods for the modernization of TCM compound prescription research. In the future，the related research can be combined with the pharmacokinetic parameters ，the efficacy of active compounds and related basic experiments ，use the weighted method to carry out network pharmacology analysis ，and integrate the information of multiple databases to improve the scientificity of research results.

PURPOSE: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activated by cancer cells has a central role in development and malignant biological behavior in colorectal cancer (CRC). Adult fibroblasts do not express Snail, but Snail-positive fibroblasts are discovered in the stroma of malignant CRC and reported to be the key role to chemoresistance. However, the reciprocal effect of CAFs expressed Snail to chemoresistance on CRC cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully characterized. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Snail-overexpressed 3T3 stable cell lines were generated by lipidosome and CT26 mixed with 3T3-Snail subcutaneous transplanted CRC models were established by subcutaneous injection. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and western blotting assays were performed, and immunohistochemistry staining was studied. The cytokines participated in chemoresistance was validated with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and heatmap. RESULTS: Snail-expression fibroblasts are discovered in human and mouse spontaneous CRCs. Overexpression of Snail induces 3T3 fibroblasts transdifferentiation to CAFs. CT26 co-cultured with 3T3-Snail resisted the impairment from 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel in vitro. The subcutaneous transplanted tumor models included 3T3-Snail cells develop without restrictions even after treating with 5-fluorouracil or paclitaxel. Moreover, these chemoresistant processes may be mediated by CCL1 secreted by Snail-expression fibroblasts via transforming growth factor β/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: Taken together, Snail-expressing 3T3 fibroblasts display CAFs properties that support 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel chemoresistance in CRC via participation of CCL1 and suggest that inhibition of the Snail-expression fibroblasts in tumor may be a useful strategy to limit chemoresistance.
Adult ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Line ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Cytokines ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Fibroblasts* ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Paclitaxel ; Snails ; Transforming Growth Factors

Objective To investigate the correlation between the types of constitution in TCM and the sleep status in the PLA Navy divers. Methods Eighty-nine PLA Navy divers who performed 10m diving professional training were selected. Constitution in TCM was classified and determined by the standardized standard Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire, sleep status was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results 62.9% of Navy divers were the mild constitution in TCM. The eight kinds of the biased constitution in TCM are ranked with yang deficiency, phlegm-dampness, dampness-heat, qi deficiency, yin deficiency, blood stasis, qi stagnation and special intrinsic quality. Among 78 Navy divers with good sleep quality, there were 49 divers (72.1%) with the mild constitution in TCM and 19 (27.9%) with the biased constitution in TCM. Among 21 Navy divers with poor sleep quality, there were 7 divers (33.3%) with the mild constitution in TCM (accounting for) and 14 (66.7%) with the biased constitution in TCM. For Navy divers with poor sleep quality, the sleep quality scores were positive correlated with the blood stasis constitution in TCM (r=0.481,P<0.05). Conclusion Sleep status is correlated with the types of the constitution in TCM, and regulating constitution in TCM can improve sleep quality in PLA Navy divers.